Through-Hole Comparators 1,495

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Part RoHS Manufacturer Amplifier Type Temperature Grade Terminal Form No. of Terminals Package Code Package Shape Total Dose (V) Package Body Material Nominal Unity Gain Bandwidth Maximum Negative Supply Voltage Limit Maximum Input Offset Voltage Maximum Average Bias Current (IIB) Surface Mount No. of Functions Minimum Common Mode Reject Ratio Technology Screening Level Nominal Common Mode Reject Ratio Maximum Supply Current Nominal Negative Supply Voltage (Vsup) Minimum Isolation Voltage Packing Method Nominal Supply Voltage / Vsup (V) Power Supplies (V) Package Style (Meter) Package Equivalence Code Sub-Category Nominal Slow Rate Maximum Supply Voltage Limit Terminal Pitch Maximum Operating Temperature Maximum Bias Current (IIB) @25C Maximum Common Mode Voltage Nominal Response Time Output Type Minimum Operating Temperature Terminal Finish Terminal Position JESD-30 Code Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) Maximum Seated Height Width Qualification Nominal Bandwidth (3dB) JESD-609 Code Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s) Peak Reflow Temperature (C) Length

CMP04BY/883

Analog Devices

Comparator

Military

Through-Hole

14

DIP

Rectangular

Ceramic, Glass-Sealed

0 V

2 mV

100 nA

No

4

0 V

5 V

In-Line

Comparators

36 V

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

125 °C (257 °F)

1.3 µs

Open-Collector

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Tin Lead

Dual

R-GDIP-T14

0.2 in (5.08 mm)

0.3 in (7.62 mm)

No

e0

0.765 in (19.43 mm)

139A/BCAJC

Motorola

Comparator

Military

Through-Hole

14

DIP

Rectangular

Ceramic

4 mV

No

BIPOLAR

38535Q/M;38534H;883B

2 mA

5 V

5 V

In-Line

DIP14,.3

Comparators

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

125 °C (257 °F)

1.3 µs

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Tin/Lead

Dual

R-XDIP-T14

No

e0

MC3302L

STMicroelectronics

Comparator

Industrial

Through-Hole

14

DIP

Rectangular

Ceramic, Glass-Sealed

-15 V

20 mV

500 nA

No

4

BIPOLAR

2 mA

5 V

5 V

In-Line

DIP14,.3

Comparators

15 V

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

85 °C (185 °F)

1.3 µs

-40 °C (-40 °F)

Tin Lead

Dual

R-GDIP-T14

0.2 in (5.08 mm)

0.3 in (7.62 mm)

No

e0

0.768 in (19.495 mm)

UA311TC

Fairchild Semiconductor

Comparator

Commercial

Through-Hole

8

DIP

Rectangular

Plastic/Epoxy

10 mV

No

BIPOLAR

-15 V

15 V

±15 V

In-Line

DIP8,.3

Comparators

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

70 °C (158 °F)

0 °C (32 °F)

Tin Lead

Dual

R-PDIP-T8

2A

No

e0

CA3290E

Renesas Electronics

Comparator

Military

Through-Hole

8

DIP

Rectangular

Plastic/Epoxy

No

2

1.4 mA

5 V

In-Line

DIP8,.3

Comparators

36 V

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

125 °C (257 °F)

400 ns

Open-Collector

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Dual

R-PDIP-T8

0.21 in (5.33 mm)

0.3 in (7.62 mm)

0.377 in (9.584 mm)

BA10393

ROHM

Comparator

Industrial

Through-Hole

8

DIP

Rectangular

Plastic/Epoxy

0 V

5 mV

250 nA

No

2

BIPOLAR

1 mA

0 V

5 V

±1/±18/2/36 V

In-Line

DIP8,.3

Comparators

36 V

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

85 °C (185 °F)

250 nA

1.3 µs

Open-Collector

-40 °C (-40 °F)

Tin/Copper

Dual

R-PDIP-T8

0.146 in (3.7 mm)

0.3 in (7.62 mm)

No

e2

10 s

260 °C (500 °F)

0.366 in (9.3 mm)

HA1-4900-2

Renesas Electronics

Comparator

Military

Through-Hole

16

DIP

Rectangular

Ceramic, Metal-Sealed Cofired

4 mV

150 nA

No

4

-15 V

Tube

15 V

In-Line

Comparators

33 V

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

125 °C (257 °F)

180 ns

Open-Drain

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Tin Lead

Dual

R-CDIP-T16

0.2 in (5.08 mm)

0.3 in (7.62 mm)

e0

0.84 in (21.34 mm)

HA1-4902/883

Renesas Electronics

Comparator

Military

Through-Hole

16

DIP

Rectangular

Ceramic, Glass-Sealed

5 mV

No

4

BIPOLAR

-15 V

15 V

In-Line

Comparators

125 °C (257 °F)

200 ns

Totem Pole

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Tin Lead

Dual

R-GDIP-T16

No

e0

IR2339

Sharp Corporation

Comparator

Other

Through-Hole

14

DIP

Rectangular

Plastic/Epoxy

-18 V

5 mV

250 nA

No

4

BIPOLAR

2 mA

±1/±18/2/36 V

In-Line

DIP14(UNSPEC)

Comparators

18 V

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

85 °C (185 °F)

50 nA

1.3 µs

-30 °C (-22 °F)

Dual

R-PDIP-T14

0.173 in (4.4 mm)

0.3 in (7.62 mm)

No

0.758 in (19.25 mm)

LM211J-8

National Semiconductor

Comparator

Other

Through-Hole

8

DIP

Rectangular

Ceramic, Glass-Sealed

-18 V

4 mV

150 nA

No

1

BIPOLAR

-15 V

15 V

±15 V

In-Line

DIP8,.3

Comparators

18 V

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

85 °C (185 °F)

100 nA

200 ns

Open-Collector

-25 °C (-13 °F)

Tin Lead

Dual

R-GDIP-T8

1

0.2 in (5.08 mm)

0.3 in (7.62 mm)

No

e0

40

260 °C (500 °F)

0.38 in (9.652 mm)

LM211J8

Motorola

Comparator

Other

Through-Hole

8

DIP

Rectangular

Ceramic

4 mV

No

1

BIPOLAR

-15 V

15 V

±15 V

In-Line

DIP8,.3

Comparators

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

85 °C (185 °F)

-25 °C (-13 °F)

Tin/Lead

Dual

R-XDIP-T8

No

e0

LM393N-A

Philips Semiconductors

Comparator

Commercial

Through-Hole

8

DIP

Rectangular

Plastic/Epoxy

9 mV

No

2

BIPOLAR

5 V

5 V

In-Line

DIP8,.3

Comparators

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

70 °C (158 °F)

0 °C (32 °F)

Tin/Lead

Dual

R-PDIP-T8

No

e0

LM393N/A+

National Semiconductor

Comparator

Commercial

Through-Hole

8

DIP

Rectangular

Plastic/Epoxy

9 mV

No

2

BIPOLAR

5 V

5 V

In-Line

DIP8,.3

Comparators

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

70 °C (158 °F)

0 °C (32 °F)

Tin/Lead

Dual

R-PDIP-T8

e0

MC3302P

Onsemi

Comparator

Industrial

Through-Hole

14

DIP

Rectangular

Plastic/Epoxy

0 V

40 mV

1 uA

No

4

BIPOLAR

0 V

5 V

5 V

In-Line

DIP14,.3

Comparators

30 V

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

85 °C (185 °F)

1.3 µs

Open-Collector

-40 °C (-40 °F)

Tin/Lead

Dual

R-PDIP-T14

0.185 in (4.69 mm)

0.3 in (7.62 mm)

No

e0

30 s

235 °C (455 °F)

0.743 in (18.86 mm)

CMP01CP

Analog Devices

Comparator

Commercial

Through-Hole

8

DIP

Rectangular

Plastic/Epoxy

-18 V

3.5 mV

900 nA

No

1

BIPOLAR

8.5 mA

-15 V

15 V

5/±15 V

In-Line

DIP8,.3

Comparators

18 V

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

70 °C (158 °F)

900 nA

110 ns

Totem Pole

0 °C (32 °F)

Tin Lead

Dual

R-PDIP-T8

0.21 in (5.33 mm)

0.3 in (7.62 mm)

No

e0

0.389 in (9.88 mm)

5962-9096901MCX

Texas Instruments

Comparator

Military

Through-Hole

14

DIP

Rectangular

Ceramic, Glass-Sealed

10 mV

30 nA

No

4

CMOS

MIL-STD-883

175 μA

5 V

In-Line

Comparators

18 V

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

125 °C (257 °F)

2.7 µs

Push-Pull

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Tin Lead

Dual

R-GDIP-T14

0.2 in (5.08 mm)

0.3 in (7.62 mm)

Yes

e0

0.77 in (19.56 mm)

SN72306J

Texas Instruments

Comparator

Commercial

Through-Hole

14

DIP

Rectangular

Ceramic

No

1

BIPOLAR

12,-3/-12 V

In-Line

DIP14,.3

Comparators

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

70 °C (158 °F)

0 °C (32 °F)

Dual

R-XDIP-T14

No

UA711CJ4

Texas Instruments

Comparator

Commercial

Through-Hole

14

DIP

Rectangular

Ceramic

No

2

BIPOLAR

12,-6 V

In-Line

DIP14,.3

Comparators

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

70 °C (158 °F)

0 °C (32 °F)

Dual

R-XDIP-T14

TL720CJ/P4

Texas Instruments

Comparator

Commercial

Through-Hole

14

DIP

Rectangular

Ceramic

No

BIPOLAR

In-Line

DIP14,.3

Comparators

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

70 °C (158 °F)

0 °C (32 °F)

Dual

R-XDIP-T14

TL331CP

Texas Instruments

Comparator

Commercial

Through-Hole

8

DIP

Rectangular

Plastic/Epoxy

9 mV

-400 nA

No

1

BIPOLAR

800 μA

5 V

5/30 V

In-Line

DIP8,.3

Comparators

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

70 °C (158 °F)

1.3 µs

Open-Collector

0 °C (32 °F)

Dual

R-PDIP-T8

0.2 in (5.08 mm)

0.3 in (7.62 mm)

No

0.386 in (9.81 mm)

TL820MJ/883B

Texas Instruments

Comparator

Military

Through-Hole

14

DIP

Rectangular

Ceramic

No

BIPOLAR

MIL-STD-883 Class B (Modified)

In-Line

DIP14,.3

Comparators

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

125 °C (257 °F)

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Dual

R-XDIP-T14

No

TL432IJ

Texas Instruments

Comparator

Industrial

Through-Hole

14

DIP

Rectangular

Ceramic

No

BIPOLAR

In-Line

DIP14,.3

Comparators

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

85 °C (185 °F)

-40 °C (-40 °F)

Dual

R-XDIP-T14

No

TLV3702IP

Texas Instruments

Comparator

Automotive

Through-Hole

8

DIP

Rectangular

Plastic/Epoxy

0 V

7 mV

1.5 nA

No

2

CMOS

1.6 μA

0 V

Tube

5 V

±1.35/±8/2.7/16 V

In-Line

DIP8,.3

Comparators

17 V

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

125 °C (257 °F)

100 pA

240 µs

Push-Pull

-40 °C (-40 °F)

Nickel/Palladium/Gold

Dual

R-PDIP-T8

0.2 in (5.08 mm)

0.3 in (7.62 mm)

No

e4

0.386 in (9.81 mm)

LM2901NP3

Texas Instruments

Comparator

Automotive

Through-Hole

14

DIP

Rectangular

Plastic/Epoxy

15 mV

No

BIPOLAR

2.5 mA

5 V

5 V

In-Line

DIP14,.3

Comparators

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

125 °C (257 °F)

250 nA

1.3 µs

-40 °C (-40 °F)

Dual

R-PDIP-T14

TLC3704QJ

Texas Instruments

Comparator

Automotive

Through-Hole

14

DIP

Rectangular

Ceramic, Glass-Sealed

-18 V

7 mV

30 nA

No

4

CMOS

175 μA

5 V

5 V

In-Line

DIP14,.3

Comparators

18 V

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

125 °C (257 °F)

30 nA

2.7 µs

Push-Pull

-40 °C (-40 °F)

Dual

R-GDIP-T14

0.2 in (5.08 mm)

0.3 in (7.62 mm)

No

0.77 in (19.56 mm)

TLC374CN3

Texas Instruments

Comparator

Commercial

Through-Hole

14

DIP

Rectangular

Plastic/Epoxy

6.5 mV

No

CMOS

800 μA

5 V

5 V

In-Line

DIP14,.3

Comparators

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

70 °C (158 °F)

600 pA

650 ns

0 °C (32 °F)

Dual

R-PDIP-T14

TLC354CN

Texas Instruments

Comparator

Commercial

Through-Hole

14

DIP

Rectangular

Plastic/Epoxy

5 mV

600 pA

No

4

CMOS

600 μA

Tube

5 V

5 V

In-Line

DIP14,.3

Comparators

18 V

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

70 °C (158 °F)

20 nA

650 ns

Open-Collector

0 °C (32 °F)

Nickel Palladium Gold

Dual

R-PDIP-T14

1

0.2 in (5.08 mm)

0.3 in (7.62 mm)

No

e4

0.76 in (19.305 mm)

TL820MJ

Texas Instruments

Comparator

Military

Through-Hole

14

DIP

Rectangular

Ceramic

No

BIPOLAR

In-Line

DIP14,.3

Comparators

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

125 °C (257 °F)

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Dual

R-XDIP-T14

No

LM2903P3

Texas Instruments

Comparator

Industrial

Through-Hole

8

DIP

Rectangular

Plastic/Epoxy

15 mV

No

BIPOLAR

5 V

5 V

In-Line

DIP8,.3

Comparators

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

85 °C (185 °F)

-40 °C (-40 °F)

Dual

R-PDIP-T8

TLC374CNP3

Texas Instruments

Comparator

Commercial

Through-Hole

14

DIP

Rectangular

Plastic/Epoxy

6.5 mV

No

CMOS

800 μA

5 V

5 V

In-Line

DIP14,.3

Comparators

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

70 °C (158 °F)

600 pA

650 ns

0 °C (32 °F)

Dual

R-PDIP-T14

5962-9452601QPX

Texas Instruments

Comparator

Military

Through-Hole

8

DIP

Rectangular

Ceramic, Glass-Sealed

9 mV

-300 nA

No

2

BIPOLAR

MIL-PRF-38535 Class Q

2.5 mA

5 V

In-Line

Comparators

36 V

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

125 °C (257 °F)

1.3 µs

Open-Collector

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Tin Lead

Dual

R-GDIP-T8

0.2 in (5.08 mm)

0.3 in (7.62 mm)

Yes

e0

0.378 in (9.6 mm)

M38510/10304BPX

Texas Instruments

Comparator

Military

Through-Hole

8

DIP

Rectangular

Ceramic, Metal-Sealed Cofired

-18 V

4 mV

150 nA

No

1

MIL-M-38510 Class B

-15 V

15 V

In-Line

Comparators

18 V

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

125 °C (257 °F)

200 ns

Open-Collector

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Dual

R-CDIP-T8

0.2 in (5.08 mm)

0.3 in (7.62 mm)

No

LM293AJG

Texas Instruments

Comparator

Other

Through-Hole

8

DIP

Rectangular

Ceramic, Glass-Sealed

4 mV

400 nA

No

2

BIPOLAR

2.5 mA

5 V

5 V

In-Line

DIP8,.3

Comparators

36 V

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

85 °C (185 °F)

250 nA

1.3 µs

Open-Collector

-25 °C (-13 °F)

Dual

R-GDIP-T8

0.2 in (5.08 mm)

0.3 in (7.62 mm)

No

0.378 in (9.6 mm)

TLC354MJ

Texas Instruments

Comparator

Military

Through-Hole

14

DIP

Rectangular

Ceramic, Glass-Sealed

12 mV

20 nA

No

4

CMOS

800 μA

5 V

5 V

In-Line

DIP14,.3

Comparators

18 V

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

125 °C (257 °F)

20 nA

650 ns

Open-Drain

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Dual

R-GDIP-T14

0.2 in (5.08 mm)

0.3 in (7.62 mm)

No

0.77 in (19.56 mm)

TL811MJ

Texas Instruments

Comparator

Military

Through-Hole

14

DIP

Rectangular

Ceramic

No

BIPOLAR

In-Line

DIP14,.3

Comparators

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

125 °C (257 °F)

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Dual

R-XDIP-T14

No

TL721CP

Texas Instruments

Comparator

Commercial

Through-Hole

8

DIP

Rectangular

Plastic/Epoxy

No

BIPOLAR

In-Line

DIP8,.3

Comparators

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

70 °C (158 °F)

0 °C (32 °F)

Dual

R-PDIP-T8

No

TL311J

Texas Instruments

Comparator

Commercial

Through-Hole

14

DIP

Rectangular

Ceramic

13 mV

No

-15 V

15 V

±15 V

In-Line

DIP14,.3

Comparators

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

70 °C (158 °F)

250 pA

165 ns

0 °C (32 °F)

Dual

R-XDIP-T14

No

TL811CJP4

Texas Instruments

Comparator

Commercial

Through-Hole

14

DIP

Rectangular

Ceramic

No

BIPOLAR

In-Line

DIP14,.3

Comparators

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

70 °C (158 °F)

0 °C (32 °F)

Dual

R-XDIP-T14

5962R9679802VCA

Texas Instruments

Comparator

Military

Through-Hole

DIP

Rectangular

100k Rad(Si)

Ceramic, Glass-Sealed

-18 V

6.8 mV

950 nA

No

2

BIPOLAR

MIL-PRF-38535 Class V

11 mA

-15 V

15 V

In-Line

Comparators

18 V

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

125 °C (257 °F)

500 nA

80 ns

Open-Collector

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Tin/Lead

Dual

R-GDIP-T14

1

0.2 in (5.08 mm)

0.3 in (7.62 mm)

Yes

e0

0.785 in (19.94 mm)

LM339AN/B+

Texas Instruments

Comparator

Commercial

Through-Hole

14

DIP

Rectangular

Plastic/Epoxy

4 mV

No

4

BIPOLAR

2.5 mA

5 V

5 V

In-Line

DIP14,.3

Comparators

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

70 °C (158 °F)

1.3 µs

0 °C (32 °F)

Tin/Lead

Dual

R-PDIP-T14

No

e0

TLC339MN

Texas Instruments

Comparator

Military

Through-Hole

14

DIP

Rectangular

Plastic/Epoxy

10 mV

30 nA

No

4

CMOS

80 μA

Tube

5 V

5 V

In-Line

DIP14,.3

Comparators

18 V

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

125 °C (257 °F)

2 pA

2.5 µs

Open-Collector

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Nickel/Palladium/Gold

Dual

R-PDIP-T14

0.2 in (5.08 mm)

0.3 in (7.62 mm)

No

e4

0.76 in (19.305 mm)

TL506CJ

Texas Instruments

Comparator

Commercial

Through-Hole

14

DIP

Rectangular

Ceramic

No

BIPOLAR

In-Line

DIP14,.3

Comparators

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

70 °C (158 °F)

0 °C (32 °F)

Dual

R-XDIP-T14

No

5962L9673801VCA

Texas Instruments

Comparator

Military

Through-Hole

14

DIP

Rectangular

100k Rad(Si)

Ceramic, Glass-Sealed

2.5 mV

1 nA

No

4

MIL-PRF-38535 Class V

2 mA

15 V

In-Line

Comparators

36 V

125 °C (257 °F)

1 nA

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Dual

R-GDIP-T14

Yes

5962-9153201QPX

Texas Instruments

Comparator

Military

Through-Hole

8

DIP

Rectangular

Ceramic, Glass-Sealed

10 mV

30 nA

No

2

CMOS

MIL-PRF-38535 Class Q

90 μA

5 V

In-Line

Comparators

18 V

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

125 °C (257 °F)

2.7 µs

Push-Pull

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Dual

R-GDIP-T8

0.2 in (5.08 mm)

0.3 in (7.62 mm)

Yes

0.378 in (9.6 mm)

JM38510/10304BCA

Texas Instruments

Comparator

Military

Through-Hole

14

DIP

Rectangular

Ceramic, Glass-Sealed

-30 V

3 mV

100 pA

No

1

BIPOLAR

MIL-M-38510 Class B

7 mA

-15 V

15 V

In-Line

Comparators

30 V

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

125 °C (257 °F)

640 ns

Open-Collector

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Dual

R-GDIP-T14

0.2 in (5.08 mm)

0.3 in (7.62 mm)

No

0.785 in (19.94 mm)

LT1011MJG

Texas Instruments

Comparator

Military

Through-Hole

8

DIP

Rectangular

Ceramic, Glass-Sealed

-18 V

3 mV

80 nA

No

1

BIPOLAR

4 mA

-15 V

15 V

±15 V

In-Line

DIP8,.3

Comparators

18 V

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

125 °C (257 °F)

50 nA

150 ns

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Dual

R-GDIP-T8

0.2 in (5.08 mm)

0.3 in (7.62 mm)

No

0.378 in (9.6 mm)

TL331CJGP4

Texas Instruments

Comparator

Commercial

Through-Hole

8

DIP

Rectangular

Ceramic

No

BIPOLAR

5/30 V

In-Line

DIP8,.3

Comparators

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

70 °C (158 °F)

0 °C (32 °F)

Dual

R-XDIP-T8

LM111JG

Texas Instruments

Comparator

Military

Through-Hole

8

DIP

Rectangular

Ceramic, Glass-Sealed

-18 V

4 mV

150 nA

No

1

BIPOLAR

6 mA

-15 V

Tube

15 V

±15 V

In-Line

DIP8,.3

Comparators

18 V

0.1 in (2.54 mm)

125 °C (257 °F)

100 nA

115 ns

Open-Collector, Open-Drain

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Tin/Lead

Dual

R-GDIP-T8

0.2 in (5.08 mm)

0.3 in (7.62 mm)

No

e0

0.377 in (9.58 mm)

Comparators

Comparators are electronic circuits that compare two input voltages and output a voltage signal that indicates which of the inputs is larger. A comparator is similar to an operational amplifier (op-amp), but it is designed to operate with a limited range of voltage outputs (typically near the power supply rails) and with very high gain.

A comparator typically has two input terminals, a non-inverting (+) input and an inverting (-) input, and one output. When the voltage at the non-inverting input is greater than the voltage at the inverting input, the output of the comparator switches to its maximum positive voltage. Conversely, when the voltage at the inverting input is greater than the voltage at the non-inverting input, the output of the comparator switches to its maximum negative voltage.

Comparators are often used in applications where a precise measurement or detection of voltage level is required, such as in voltage reference circuits, level detectors, and waveform generators. They can also be used to implement digital logic circuits and are frequently used in A/D converters and motor control circuits.

It is worth noting that a comparator output can switch quickly between its high and low states, so they can be sensitive to noise and require careful circuit design to ensure proper operation. In addition, some comparators may include features such as hysteresis, which can help to reduce noise and ensure stable operation in the presence of small fluctuations in the input signals.