Vishay Intertechnology Fixed Capacitors 2,400+

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Part	Manufacturer	Capacitor Type	Mounting Feature	Capacitance	Rated DC Voltage (URdc)	Maximum Operating Temperature	Dielectric Material	Tan Delta	Minimum Operating Temperature	Temperature Coef (ppm/Cel)	Terminal Finish	Leakage Current (mA)	Package Shape	Polarity	Manufacturer Series	Height	Width	Ripple Current (mA)	Diameter	Multi-layer	Equivalent Series Resistance / ESR (mohm )	Additional Features	Packing Method	Size Code	JESD-609 Code	Series	No. of Terminals	Package Style (Meter)	Length	Terminal Shape	Positive Tolerance	Temperature Characteristics Code	Reference Standard	Negative Tolerance
T22C156K100CSS	Vishay Intertechnology	TANTALUM CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	15 uF	100 V	125 Cel	TANTALUM (WET)		-55 Cel			0.001		POLARIZED		7.4 mm	7.1 mm	401.7			3500	RIPPLE CURRENT IS MEASURED AT 85CEL	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	3028			2	SMT	7.7 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %			10 %
T55D477M2R5C0007	Vishay Intertechnology	TANTALUM CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	470 uF	2.5 V	125 Cel	TANTALUM (SOLID POLYMER)	0.1	-55 Cel		Nickel/Palladium/Gold (Ni/Pd/Au)	0.1175		POLARIZED		2.8 mm	4.3 mm	1415			7	ESR AND RIPPLE CURRENT IS MEASURED AT 100KHZ	TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 7 INCH	2917	e4		2	SMT	7.3 mm	J BEND	20 %			20 %
T97Z476K050HSA	Vishay Intertechnology	TANTALUM CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	47 uF	50 V	125 Cel	TANTALUM (DRY/SOLID)	0.06	-55 Cel		MATTE TIN	0.0235	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	POLARIZED		6 mm	6 mm	440			240	ESR AND RIPPLE CURRENT IS MEASURED AT 100KHZ	TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 7 INCH	3024	e3		2	SMT	7.6 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %			10 %
TE1305	Vishay Intertechnology	ALUMINUM ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITOR	THROUGH HOLE MOUNT	20 uF	50 V	105 Cel	ALUMINUM (WET)		-40 Cel		Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	0.015	TUBULAR PACKAGE	POLARIZED					8 mm						e0		2	Axial	20.5 mm	WIRE	75 %			10 %
TE1407	Vishay Intertechnology	ALUMINUM ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITOR	THROUGH HOLE MOUNT	10 uF	100 V	105 Cel	ALUMINUM (WET)		-40 Cel		Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	0.015	TUBULAR PACKAGE	POLARIZED					9.5 mm						e0		2	Axial	20.5 mm	WIRE	50 %			10 %
TH3D106K025C0900	Vishay Intertechnology	TANTALUM CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	10 uF	25 V	150 Cel	TANTALUM (DRY/SOLID)	0.06	-55 Cel		MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	0.0025	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	POLARIZED		2.8 mm	4.3 mm	410			900	ESR AND RIPPLE CURRENT IS MEASURED AT 100KHZ	TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 7 INCH	2917	e3		2	SMT	7.3 mm	J BEND	10 %		AEC-Q200	10 %
TH4C476K016C0800	Vishay Intertechnology	TANTALUM CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	47 uF	16 V	175 Cel	TANTALUM (DRY/SOLID)	0.06	-55 Cel		MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	0.0075	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	POLARIZED		2.5 mm	3.2 mm	74			800	ESR AND RIPPLE CURRENT IS MEASURED AT 100KHZ	TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 7 INCH	2413	e3		2	SMT	6 mm	J BEND	10 %		AEC-Q200	10 %
TMCP1A225KTRF	Vishay Intertechnology	TANTALUM CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	2.2 uF	10 V	125 Cel	TANTALUM (DRY/SOLID)	0.08	-55 Cel		MATTE TIN	0.0005		POLARIZED		1.2 mm	1.25 mm	34			8800	ESR AND RIPPLE CURRENT IS MEASURED AT 100KHZ	TR, PLASTIC, 7 INCH	0805	e3		2	SMT	2 mm	J BEND	10 %			10 %
TMCSA1V334MTR	Vishay Intertechnology	TANTALUM CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.33 uF	35 V	125 Cel	TANTALUM (DRY/SOLID)	0.04	-55 Cel			.0005	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	POLARIZED									TR				2			WRAPAROUND	20 %			20 %
TR3C476K6R3C0250	Vishay Intertechnology	TANTALUM CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	47 uF	6.3 V	125 Cel	TANTALUM (DRY/SOLID)	0.06	-55 Cel		MATTE TIN	0.003	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	POLARIZED		2.5 mm	3.2 mm	264			250	ESR AND RIPPLE CURRENT IS MEASURED AT 100KHZ	TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 7 INCH	2312	e3		2	SMT	6 mm	J BEND	10 %			10 %
TR3D685K035C0300	Vishay Intertechnology	TANTALUM CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	6.8 uF	35 V	125 Cel	TANTALUM (DRY/SOLID)	0.06	-55 Cel		MATTE TIN	0.0024	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	POLARIZED		2.8 mm	4.3 mm	284			300	ESR AND RIPPLE CURRENT IS MEASURED AT 100KHZ	TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 7 INCH	2917	e3		2	SMT	7.3 mm	J BEND	10 %			10 %
TVA1305.5	Vishay Intertechnology	ALUMINUM ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITOR	THROUGH HOLE MOUNT	20 uF	50 V	85 Cel	ALUMINUM (WET)		-40 Cel		Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)		TUBULAR PACKAGE	POLARIZED					6.35 mm						e0		2	Axial	17.45 mm	WIRE
TVA1305.5-E3	Vishay Intertechnology	ALUMINUM ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITOR	THROUGH HOLE MOUNT	20 uF	50 V	85 Cel	ALUMINUM (WET)		-40 Cel		Matte Tin (Sn)		TUBULAR PACKAGE	POLARIZED					6.35 mm						e3		2	Axial	17.45 mm	WIRE
V-735P305X9200L	Vishay Intertechnology	FILM CAPACITOR	THROUGH HOLE MOUNT	3 uF	200 V	105 Cel	POLYPROPYLENE		-55 Cel		Matte Tin (Sn)		TUBULAR PACKAGE		V-735P				18.97 mm						e3	V-735 P	2	Axial	38.1 mm	WIRE	10 %			10 %
VJ0201Y151KXACW1BC	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.00015 uF	50 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE			.33 mm	.3 mm			Yes			TR, PAPER, 7 INCH	0201	e3		2	SMT	.6 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	X7R		10 %
VJ0402A102JXACW1BC	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.001 uF	50 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	30ppm/Cel	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE			.5 mm	.5 mm			Yes			TR, Paper, 7 Inch	0402	e3		2	SMT	1 mm	WRAPAROUND	5 %	C0G		5 %
VJ0402A5R6CNAAJ	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.0000056 uF	50 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	30ppm/Cel	Silver/Palladium (Ag/Pd)		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE			.6 mm	.5 mm			Yes			TR, 7 INCH	0402	e4		2	SMT	1 mm	WRAPAROUND	4.46 %	C0G		4.46 %
VJ0402Y392KXBAC31	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.0039 uF	100 V	150 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE			.6 mm	.5 mm			Yes			TR, PAPER, 7 INCH	0402	e3		2	SMT	1 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	X7R	AEC-Q200	10 %
VJ0603A560FXACW1BC	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.000056 uF	50 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	30ppm/Cel	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE			.8 mm	.8 mm			Yes			TR, Paper, 7 Inch	0603	e3		2	SMT	1.6 mm	WRAPAROUND	1 %	C0G		1 %
VJ0603A820JXBCW1BC	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.000082 uF	100 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	30ppm/Cel	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE			.8 mm	.8 mm			Yes			TR, Paper, 7 Inch	0603	e3		2	SMT	1.6 mm	WRAPAROUND	5 %	C0G		5 %
VJ0603A820JXBPW1BC	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.000082 uF	100 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	30ppm/Cel	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE			.8 mm	.8 mm			Yes			TR, Paper, 13 Inch	0603	e3		2	SMT	1.6 mm	WRAPAROUND	5 %	C0G		5 %
VJ0603G334KXQCW1BC	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.33 uF	10 V	85 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE			.8 mm	.8 mm			Yes			TR, Paper, 7 Inch	0603	e3		2	SMT	1.6 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	X5R		10 %
VJ0603G474MXQCW1BC	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.47 uF	10 V	85 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE			.8 mm	.8 mm			Yes			TR, Paper, 7 Inch	0603	e3		2	SMT	1.6 mm	WRAPAROUND	20 %	X5R		20 %
VJ0603Y103JXAAC31	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.01 uF	50 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE			.97 mm	.8 mm			Yes			TR, PLASTIC, 7 INCH	0603	e3		2	SMT	1.6 mm	WRAPAROUND	5 %	X7R	AEC-Q200	5 %
VJ0603Y151KXAPW1BC	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.00015 uF	50 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE			.8 mm	.8 mm			Yes			TR, Paper, 13 Inch	0603	e3		2	SMT	1.6 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	X7R		10 %
VJ0603Y183KXACW1BC	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.018 uF	50 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE			.8 mm	.8 mm			Yes			TR, Paper, 7 Inch	0603	e3		2	SMT	1.6 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	X7R		10 %
VJ0603Y221KXACW1BC	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.00022 uF	50 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE			.8 mm	.8 mm			Yes			TR, Paper, 7 Inch	0603	e3		2	SMT	1.6 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	X7R		10 %
VJ0603Y223KXAAC	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.022 uF	50 V	150 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier					.97 mm	.8 mm			Yes			TR, PAPER, 7 INCH	0603	e3		2	SMT	1.6 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	X7R		10 %
VJ0603Y332KXXAC	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.0033 uF	25 V	150 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE			.97 mm	.8 mm			Yes			TR, PAPER, 7 INCH	0603	e3		2	SMT	1.6 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	X7R		10 %
VJ0603Y332KXXAP31	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.0033 uF	25 V	150 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE			.97 mm	.8 mm			Yes			TR, PAPER, 11.25/13 INCH	0603	e3		2	SMT	1.6 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	X7R	AEC-Q200	10 %
VJ0603Y332KXXAT	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.0033 uF	25 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE			.92 mm	.8 mm			Yes			TR, PLASTIC, 7 INCH	0603	e3		2	SMT	1.6 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	X7R		10 %
VJ0805A101GXAPW1BC	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.0001 uF	50 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	30ppm/Cel	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE			.6 mm	1.25 mm			Yes			TR, Paper, 13 Inch	0805	e3		2	SMT	2 mm	WRAPAROUND	2 %	C0G		2 %
VJ0805A101KFBAT	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.0001 uF	100 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	30ppm/Cel	Silver/Palladium (Ag/Pd)		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		VJ					Yes			TR, PLASTIC, 7 INCH	0805	e4		2			WRAPAROUND	10 %	C0G		10 %
VJ0805A121JXBAC	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.00012 uF	100 V	150 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	30ppm/Cel	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE			1.45 mm	1.25 mm			Yes			TR, PAPER, 7 INCH	0805	e3		2	SMT	2 mm	WRAPAROUND	5 %	C0G		5 %
VJ0805A220GXACW1BC	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.000022 uF	50 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	30ppm/Cel	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE			.6 mm	1.25 mm			Yes			TR, Paper, 7 Inch	0805	e3		2	SMT	2 mm	WRAPAROUND	2 %	C0G		2 %
VJ0805D391KXCAJ	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.00039 uF	200 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	30ppm/Cel	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier					1.45 mm	1.25 mm			Yes			TR, Embossed Plastic, 7 Inch	0805	e3		2	SMT	2 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	C0G		10 %
VJ0805Y104JCAAJ	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.1 uF	50 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	Matte Tin (Sn)					1.45 mm	1.25 mm			Yes			TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 7 INCH	0805	e3		2	SMT	2 mm	WRAPAROUND	5 %	X7R		5 %
VJ1206A101JXBAT	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.0001 uF	100 V	150 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	30ppm/Cel	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE			1.7 mm	1.6 mm			Yes			TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 7 INCH	1206	e3		2	SMT	3.2 mm	WRAPAROUND	5 %	C0G		5 %
VJ1206A101JXBMT	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.0001 uF	100 V	150 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	30ppm/Cel	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE			1.7 mm	1.6 mm			Yes			TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 7 INCH	1206	e3		2	SMT	3.2 mm	WRAPAROUND	5 %	C0G		5 %
VJ1206A102JFAMT	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.001 uF	50 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	30ppm/Cel	Silver/Palladium (Ag/Pd)		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		VJ					Yes			TR, PLASTIC, 7 INCH	1206	e4		2			WRAPAROUND	5 %	C0G		5 %
VJ1206A102JXAAR	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.001 uF	50 V	150 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	30ppm/Cel	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE			1.7 mm	1.6 mm			Yes			TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 11.25/13 INCH	1206	e3		2	SMT	3.2 mm	WRAPAROUND	5 %	C0G		5 %
VJ1206A102JXAAT	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.001 uF	50 V	150 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	30ppm/Cel	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE			1.7 mm	1.6 mm			Yes			TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 7 INCH	1206	e3		2	SMT	3.2 mm	WRAPAROUND	5 %	C0G		5 %
VJ1206A221JXAMT	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.00022 uF	50 V	150 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	30ppm/Cel	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE			1.7 mm	1.6 mm			Yes			TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 7 INCH	1206	e3		2	SMT	3.2 mm	WRAPAROUND	5 %	C0G		5 %
VJ1206A391GXACW1BC	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.00039 uF	50 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	30ppm/Cel	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE			.8 mm	1.6 mm			Yes			TR, Paper, 7 Inch	1206	e3		2	SMT	3.2 mm	WRAPAROUND	2 %	C0G		2 %
VJ1206A391JXAAT	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.00039 uF	50 V	150 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	30ppm/Cel	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE			1.7 mm	1.6 mm			Yes			TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 7 INCH	1206	e3		2	SMT	3.2 mm	WRAPAROUND	5 %	C0G		5 %
VJ1206A391JXACW1BC	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.00039 uF	50 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	30ppm/Cel	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE			.8 mm	1.6 mm			Yes			TR, Paper, 7 Inch	1206	e3		2	SMT	3.2 mm	WRAPAROUND	5 %	C0G		5 %
VJ1206A391JXBAT	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.00039 uF	100 V	150 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	30ppm/Cel	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE			1.7 mm	1.6 mm			Yes			TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 7 INCH	1206	e3		2	SMT	3.2 mm	WRAPAROUND	5 %	C0G		5 %
VJ1206A391JXBCW1BC	Vishay Intertechnology	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.00039 uF	100 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	30ppm/Cel	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE			.8 mm	1.6 mm			Yes			TR, Paper, 7 Inch	1206	e3		2	SMT	3.2 mm	WRAPAROUND	5 %	C0G		5 %

Fixed Capacitors

Fixed capacitors are electronic components that have a fixed capacitance value that cannot be changed. They are used in electronic circuits to provide a specific capacitance value for a given application.

Fixed capacitors are made using a variety of dielectric materials, including ceramic, tantalum, aluminum electrolytic, polyester, and polypropylene. The choice of dielectric material depends on the specific requirements of the application, such as operating voltage, temperature range, and stability.

Fixed capacitors are available in a variety of shapes and sizes, such as through-hole, surface mount, and leaded types. They can also be classified based on their operating voltage, tolerance, and temperature coefficient.

Some common applications of fixed capacitors include decoupling, filtering, timing, and coupling circuits. In decoupling circuits, fixed capacitors are used to filter out unwanted high-frequency noise and ensure stable power supply operation. In timing circuits, fixed capacitors are used to set the time constant and determine the frequency of oscillation.

One of the main advantages of fixed capacitors is their stable capacitance value, which does not change over time or with changes in operating conditions. This makes them suitable for applications that require consistent and predictable performance.