63 V Fuses 505

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Part RoHS Manufacturer Circuit Protection Type Mounting Feature Rated AC Voltage Rated DC Voltage Rated Current Terminal Shape Nominal Joule Integral Minimum Operating Temperature Terminal Finish Rated Breaking Capacity Manufacturer Series Trip Time/Delay Additional Features Pre Arcing Rating (A2/s) Packing Method Body Length/Diameter Body Width Fuse Class JESD-609 Code Rated Voltage Resistance Minimum Pre Arcing Time Fuse Size Built-in Features Dimensions Body Height Reference Standard Maximum Operating Temperature Blow Characteristic

0433.600NR

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

63 V

63 V

600 mA

Wraparound

13.1 mJ

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Tin Lead

50 A

433

Rated Breaking Capacity at 63 VDC: 50 A

Tape And Reel

0.125 in (3.18 mm)

0.06 in (1.52 mm)

e0

0.125 x 0.06 x 0.023 in (3.18 x 1.52 x 0.58 mm)

0.023 in (0.58 mm)

CSA; UL

90 °C (194 °F)

Very Fast

1206SFS200FM/63

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

63 V

2 A

End Cap

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Tin Over Nickel

Rated Breaking Capacity at 63 VDC: 50 A

0.134 in (3.4 mm)

0.071 in (1.8 mm)

e3

0.134 x 0.071 x 0.046 in (3.4 x 1.8 x 1.17 mm)

0.046 in (1.17 mm)

UL

125 °C (257 °F)

Slow

0433.500NR

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

63 V

63 V

500 mA

Wraparound

6 mJ

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Tin Lead

50 A

433

Rated Breaking Capacity at 63 VDC: 50 A

Tape And Reel

0.125 in (3.18 mm)

0.06 in (1.52 mm)

e0

0.125 x 0.06 x 0.023 in (3.18 x 1.52 x 0.58 mm)

0.023 in (0.58 mm)

CSA; UL

90 °C (194 °F)

Very Fast

1206SFF075F/63-2

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

63 V

750 mA

Wraparound

50 A

1206SFF075F/63-2

UL

125 °C (257 °F)

Fast

043302.0NR

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

63 V

63 V

2 A

Wraparound

230 mJ

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Tin Lead

50 A

433

Rated Breaking Capacity at 63 VDC: 50 A

Tape And Reel

0.125 in (3.18 mm)

0.06 in (1.52 mm)

e0

0.125 x 0.06 x 0.023 in (3.18 x 1.52 x 0.58 mm)

0.023 in (0.58 mm)

CSA; UL

90 °C (194 °F)

Very Fast

3031200013

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Through Hole Mount

125 V

63 V

2 A

Pin Wire

170 mJ

-25 °C (-13 °F)

Matte Tin

50 A

Rated Breaking Capacity at 63 VDC: 50 A

0.17

Bulk

0.236 in (6 mm)

Supplemental

e3

125 V

5 s

Micro

0.236 x 0.315 in (6 x 8 mm)

0.315 in (8 mm)

CSA; UL

70 °C (158 °F)

Fast

0468002.

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

63 V

63 V

2 A

Wraparound

506 mJ

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Tin Over Nickel

35 A

Rated Breaking Capacity at 63 VDC: 50 A

Tape And Reel

0.125 in (3.18 mm)

0.06 in (1.52 mm)

e3

0.125 x 0.06 x 0.023 in (3.18 x 1.52 x 0.58 mm)

0.023 in (0.58 mm)

CSA; UL

90 °C (194 °F)

Slow

0466001.

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

63 V

63 V

1 A

Wraparound

42.3 mJ

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Matte Tin with Nickel barrier

50 A

200 ms

Pre Arcing Time: Open within 0.2 s at 300% Rated Current

0.125 in (3.18 mm)

0.06 in (1.52 mm)

e3

63 V

1206

0.125 x 0.06 x 0.023 in (3.18 x 1.52 x 0.58 mm)

0.023 in (0.58 mm)

CSA; UL

90 °C (194 °F)

Very Fast

0468.500

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

63 V

63 V

500 mA

Wraparound

31 mJ

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Matte Tin Over Nickel

50 A

4 h

Rated Breaking Capacity at 63 VDC: 50 A

0.031

Tape And Reel

0.125 in (3.18 mm)

0.06 in (1.52 mm)

e3

63 V

270 mΩ

1206

0.125 x 0.06 x 0.023 in (3.18 x 1.52 x 0.58 mm)

0.023 in (0.58 mm)

CSA; UL

90 °C (194 °F)

Slow

468001.NR

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

63 V

63 V

1 A

Wraparound

127 mJ

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Matte Tin

50 A

Rated Breaking Capacity at 63 VDC: 50

Tape And Reel

0.125 in (3.18 mm)

0.06 in (1.52 mm)

e3

0.125 x 0.06 x 0.023 in (3.18 x 1.52 x 0.58 mm)

0.023 in (0.58 mm)

CSA; UL

90 °C (194 °F)

Slow

3030160000

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Through Hole Mount

125 V

63 V

160 mA

Pin Wire

2.9 mJ

-25 °C (-13 °F)

Matte Tin

50 A

Rated Breaking Capacity at 63 VDC: 60 A

0.0029

Ammo Pack; Tape And Reel

0.236 in (6 mm)

Supplemental

e3

125 V

5 s

Micro

0.236 x 0.315 in (6 x 8 mm)

0.315 in (8 mm)

UL

70 °C (158 °F)

Fast

1206SFP150F/63

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

63 V

1.5 A

Wraparound

330 mJ

50 A

0.134 in (3.4 mm)

0.071 in (1.8 mm)

200 µs

1206

0.046 in (1.17 mm)

429.750WR

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

63 V

63 V

750 mA

Wraparound

17 mJ

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Tin Lead Over Nickel

50 A

429

Rated Breaking Capacity at 63 VDC: 50 A

Tape And Reel

0.125 in (3.18 mm)

0.06 in (1.52 mm)

e0

0.125 x 0.06 x 0.045 in (3.18 x 1.52 x 1.14 mm)

0.045 in (1.14 mm)

CSA; UL

90 °C (194 °F)

Very Fast

046802.5

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

63 V

63 V

2.5 A

Wraparound

1.011 J

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Tin

35 A

Rated Breaking Capacity at 63 VDC: 50 A

Tape And Reel

0.125 in (3.18 mm)

0.06 in (1.52 mm)

e3

0.125 x 0.06 x 0.023 in (3.18 x 1.52 x 0.58 mm)

0.023 in (0.58 mm)

CSA; UL

90 °C (194 °F)

Slow

429001

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

63 V

63 V

1 A

Wraparound

35 mJ

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Tin Lead Over Nickel

50 A

200 ms

Pre Arcing Time: Open within 0.2 s at 300% Rated Current

0.035

0.125 in (3.18 mm)

0.06 in (1.52 mm)

e0

63 V

99.5 mΩ

1206

0.125 x 0.06 x 0.045 in (3.18 x 1.52 x 1.14 mm)

0.045 in (1.14 mm)

CSA; UL

125 °C (257 °F)

Very Fast

3030200042

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Through Hole Mount

125 V

63 V

200 mA

Pin Wire

4.2 mJ

-25 °C (-13 °F)

Matte Tin

50 A

Rated Breaking Capacity at 63 VDC: 50 A

0.004

Bulk

0.236 in (6 mm)

Supplemental

e3

125 V

5 s

Micro

0.236 x 0.315 in (6 x 8 mm)

0.315 in (8 mm)

CSA; UL

70 °C (158 °F)

Fast

3030200000

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Through Hole Mount

125 V

63 V

200 mA

Pin Wire

4.2 mJ

-25 °C (-13 °F)

Matte Tin

50 A

Rated Breaking Capacity at 63 VDC: 50 A

0.004

Ammo Pack; Tape And Reel

0.236 in (6 mm)

Supplemental

e3

125 V

5 s

Micro

0.236 x 0.315 in (6 x 8 mm)

0.315 in (8 mm)

CSA; UL

70 °C (158 °F)

Fast

RF0453-000

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

63 V

1 A

Wraparound

110 mJ

50 A

RF0453-000

UL

125 °C (257 °F)

3030630000

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Through Hole Mount

125 V

63 V

630 mA

Pin Wire

15 mJ

-25 °C (-13 °F)

Matte Tin

50 A

Rated Breaking Capacity at 63 VDC: 50 A

0.015

Ammo Pack; Tape And Reel

0.236 in (6 mm)

Supplemental

e3

125 V

5 s

Micro

0.236 x 0.315 in (6 x 8 mm)

0.315 in (8 mm)

CSA; UL

70 °C (158 °F)

Fast

3031160013

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Through Hole Mount

125 V

63 V

1.6 A

Pin Wire

110 mJ

-25 °C (-13 °F)

Matte Tin

50 A

Rated Breaking Capacity at 63 VDC: 50 A

0.11

Bulk

0.236 in (6 mm)

Supplemental

e3

125 V

5 s

Micro

0.236 x 0.315 in (6 x 8 mm)

0.315 in (8 mm)

CSA; UL

70 °C (158 °F)

Fast

4461100000

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

63 V

63 V

1 A

Wraparound

1 J

-40 °C (-40 °F)

35 A

Blister Tape

0.244 in (6.2 mm)

0.102 in (2.6 mm)

10 ms

2410

0.039 in (1 mm)

CUL; SEMKO; UL; VDE

85 °C (185 °F)

Time Lag

0437004.WRA

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

45 V

63 V

4 A

Wraparound

1.024 J

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Matte Tin Over Nickel

50 A

1 s

Tape And Reel

0.126 in (3.2 mm)

0.064 in (1.63 mm)

e3

1206

0.033 in (0.835 mm)

AEC-Q200; CSA; CUL; UL

150 °C (302 °F)

Fast

1206SFF075F/63

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

63 V

750 mA

Wraparound

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Tin with Nickel barrier

50 A

4 h

Rated Breaking Capacity at 63 VDC: 50 A

0.0052

0.126 in (3.2 mm)

0.063 in (1.6 mm)

e3

63 V

0.126 x 0.063 x 0.043 in (3.2 x 1.6 x 1.1 mm)

0.043 in (1.1 mm)

UL

125 °C (257 °F)

Fast

04071.25WR

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

63 V

63 V

1.25 A

Wraparound

329 mJ

-55 °C (-67 °F)

50 A

2 ms

Tape And Reel

0.126 in (3.2 mm)

0.064 in (1.63 mm)

63 V

200 mΩ

1206

0.033 in (0.835 mm)

UL

150 °C (302 °F)

Time Lag

3030160013

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Through Hole Mount

125 V

63 V

160 mA

Pin Wire

2.9 mJ

-25 °C (-13 °F)

Matte Tin

50 A

Rated Breaking Capacity at 63 VDC: 50 A

0.0029

Bulk

0.236 in (6 mm)

Supplemental

e3

125 V

5 s

Micro

0.236 x 0.315 in (6 x 8 mm)

0.315 in (8 mm)

CSA; UL

70 °C (158 °F)

Fast

04331.25NR

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

63 V

63 V

1.25 A

Wraparound

65 mJ

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Tin Lead

50 A

433

Rated Breaking Capacity at 63 VDC: 50 A

Tape And Reel

0.125 in (3.18 mm)

0.06 in (1.52 mm)

e0

0.125 x 0.06 x 0.023 in (3.18 x 1.52 x 0.58 mm)

0.023 in (0.58 mm)

CSA; UL

90 °C (194 °F)

Very Fast

3031160000

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Through Hole Mount

125 V

63 V

1.6 A

Pin Wire

110 mJ

-25 °C (-13 °F)

Matte Tin

50 A

Rated Breaking Capacity at 63 VDC: 50 A

0.11

Ammo Pack; Tape And Reel

0.236 in (6 mm)

Supplemental

e3

125 V

5 s

Micro

0.236 x 0.315 in (6 x 8 mm)

0.315 in (8 mm)

CSA; UL

70 °C (158 °F)

Fast

3030630042

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Through Hole Mount

125 V

63 V

630 mA

Pin Wire

15 mJ

-25 °C (-13 °F)

Matte Tin

50 A

Rated Breaking Capacity at 63 VDC: 50 A

0.015

Bulk

0.236 in (6 mm)

Supplemental

e3

125 V

5 s

Micro

0.236 x 0.315 in (6 x 8 mm)

0.315 in (8 mm)

CSA; UL

70 °C (158 °F)

Fast

42901.5

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

63 V

63 V

1.5 A

Wraparound

125 mJ

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Tin Lead Over Nickel

50 A

200 ms

Pre Arcing Time: Open within 0.2 s at 300% Rated Current

0.125

0.125 in (3.18 mm)

0.06 in (1.52 mm)

e0

63 V

62.5 mΩ

1206

0.125 x 0.06 x 0.045 in (3.18 x 1.52 x 1.14 mm)

0.045 in (1.14 mm)

CSA; UL

125 °C (257 °F)

Very Fast

4291.75

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

63 V

63 V

1.75 A

Wraparound

150 mJ

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Tin Lead Over Nickel

50 A

429

Rated Breaking Capacity at 63 VDC: 50 A

0.125 in (3.18 mm)

0.06 in (1.52 mm)

e0

0.125 x 0.06 x 0.045 in (3.18 x 1.52 x 1.14 mm)

0.045 in (1.14 mm)

CSA; UL

90 °C (194 °F)

Very Fast

1206SFS150F/63-2

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

63 V

1.5 A

Wraparound

230 mJ

50 A

UL

125 °C (257 °F)

Slow

0433001.NR

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

63 V

63 V

1 A

Wraparound

35 mJ

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Tin Lead

50 A

433

Rated Breaking Capacity at 63 VDC: 50 A

Tape And Reel

0.125 in (3.18 mm)

0.06 in (1.52 mm)

e0

0.125 x 0.06 x 0.023 in (3.18 x 1.52 x 0.58 mm)

0.023 in (0.58 mm)

CSA; UL

90 °C (194 °F)

Very Fast

3030080000

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Through Hole Mount

125 V

63 V

80 mA

Pin Wire

200 μJ

-25 °C (-13 °F)

Matte Tin

50 A

Rated Breaking Capacity at 63 VDC: 60 A

0.0002

Ammo Pack; Tape And Reel

0.236 in (6 mm)

Supplemental

e3

125 V

5 s

Micro

0.236 x 0.315 in (6 x 8 mm)

0.315 in (8 mm)

UL

70 °C (158 °F)

Fast

0466.500

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

63 V

63 V

500 mA

Wraparound

6 mJ

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Matte Tin with Nickel barrier

50 A

Rated Breaking Capacity at 63 VDC: 50 A

0.125 in (3.18 mm)

0.06 in (1.52 mm)

e3

0.125 x 0.06 x 0.023 in (3.18 x 1.52 x 0.58 mm)

0.023 in (0.58 mm)

CSA; UL

90 °C (194 °F)

Very Fast

04370.500WRA

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

63 V

63 V

500 mA

Wraparound

18 mJ

-55 °C (-67 °F)

50 A

5 s

Tape And Reel

0.126 in (3.2 mm)

0.064 in (1.63 mm)

1206

0.033 in (0.835 mm)

AEC-Q200; CSA; CUL; UL

150 °C (302 °F)

Fast

04370.750WRA

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

63 V

63 V

750 mA

Wraparound

64 mJ

-55 °C (-67 °F)

50 A

1 s

Tape And Reel

0.126 in (3.2 mm)

0.064 in (1.63 mm)

1206

0.033 in (0.835 mm)

AEC-Q200; CSA; CUL; UL

150 °C (302 °F)

Fast

0433.750NR

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

63 V

63 V

750 mA

Wraparound

17 mJ

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Tin/Lead with Nickel barrier

50 A

4 h

Rated Breaking Capacity at 63 VDC: 50 A

0.017

Tape And Reel

0.125 in (3.18 mm)

0.06 in (1.52 mm)

e0

63 V

137 mΩ

1206

0.125 x 0.06 x 0.023 in (3.18 x 1.52 x 0.58 mm)

0.023 in (0.58 mm)

CSA; UL

90 °C (194 °F)

Very Fast

043703.5WR

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

45 V

63 V

3.5 A

Wraparound

777 mJ

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Matte Tin Over Nickel

50 A

1 s

0.777

Tape And Reel

0.126 in (3.2 mm)

0.064 in (1.63 mm)

e3

35 V

1206

0.126 x 0.064 x 0.032 in (3.2 x 1.63 x 0.82 mm)

0.033 in (0.835 mm)

CSA; CUL; UL

150 °C (302 °F)

Fast

0440004.WRA

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

32 V

63 V

4 A

Wraparound

2.601 J

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Matte Tin Over Nickel

50 A

5 s

Tape And Reel

0.126 in (3.2 mm)

0.064 in (1.63 mm)

e3

1206

0.126 x 0.064 x 0.033 in (3.2 x 1.63 x 0.835 mm)

0.033 in (0.835 mm)

AEC-Q200; CSA; CUL; UL

150 °C (302 °F)

Fast

46802.5

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

63 V

63 V

2.5 A

Wraparound

1.011 J

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Tin

35 A

Rated Breaking Capacity at 63 VDC: 50

Tape And Reel

0.125 in (3.18 mm)

0.06 in (1.52 mm)

e3

0.125 x 0.06 x 0.023 in (3.18 x 1.52 x 0.58 mm)

0.023 in (0.58 mm)

CSA; UL

90 °C (194 °F)

Slow

0430.500WR

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

63 V

63 V

500 mA

Wraparound

30.5 mJ

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Tin/Lead with Nickel barrier

50 A

430

Tape And Reel

0.125 in (3.18 mm)

0.06 in (1.52 mm)

e0

0.125 x 0.06 x 0.045 in (3.18 x 1.52 x 1.14 mm)

0.045 in (1.14 mm)

CSA; UL

90 °C (194 °F)

Slow

3031125013

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Through Hole Mount

125 V

63 V

1.25 A

Pin Wire

59 mJ

-25 °C (-13 °F)

Matte Tin

50 A

Rated Breaking Capacity at 63 VDC: 50 A

0.059

Bulk

0.236 in (6 mm)

Supplemental

e3

125 V

5 s

Micro

0.236 x 0.315 in (6 x 8 mm)

0.315 in (8 mm)

CSA; UL

70 °C (158 °F)

Fast

3030315042

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Through Hole Mount

125 V

63 V

315 mA

Pin Wire

15 mJ

-25 °C (-13 °F)

Matte Tin

50 A

Rated Breaking Capacity at 63 VDC: 50 A

0.015

Bulk

0.236 in (6 mm)

Supplemental

e3

125 V

5 s

Micro

0.236 x 0.315 in (6 x 8 mm)

0.315 in (8 mm)

CSA; UL

70 °C (158 °F)

Fast

429.500

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

63 V

63 V

500 mA

Wraparound

6 mJ

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Tin Lead Over Nickel

50 A

200 ms

Pre Arcing Time: Open within 0.2 s at 300% Rated Current

0.006

0.125 in (3.18 mm)

0.06 in (1.52 mm)

e0

63 V

240 mΩ

1206

0.125 x 0.06 x 0.045 in (3.18 x 1.52 x 1.14 mm)

0.045 in (1.14 mm)

CSA; UL

125 °C (257 °F)

Very Fast

46801.5NR

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

63 V

63 V

1.5 A

Wraparound

288 mJ

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Matte Tin

50 A

468

Rated Breaking Capacity at 63 VDC: 50

Tape And Reel

0.125 in (3.18 mm)

0.06 in (1.52 mm)

e3

0.125 x 0.06 x 0.023 in (3.18 x 1.52 x 0.58 mm)

0.023 in (0.58 mm)

CSA; UL

90 °C (194 °F)

Slow

3031100042

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Through Hole Mount

125 V

63 V

1 A

Pin Wire

39 mJ

-25 °C (-13 °F)

Matte Tin

50 A

Rated Breaking Capacity at 63 VDC: 50 A

0.03

Bulk

0.236 in (6 mm)

Supplemental

e3

125 V

5 s

Micro

0.236 x 0.315 in (6 x 8 mm)

0.315 in (8 mm)

CSA; UL

70 °C (158 °F)

Fast

1206SFF150F/63

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

63 V

1.5 A

Wraparound

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Tin with Nickel barrier

50 A

4 h

Rated Breaking Capacity at 63 VDC: 50 A

0.025

0.126 in (3.2 mm)

0.063 in (1.6 mm)

e3

63 V

0.126 x 0.063 x 0.043 in (3.2 x 1.6 x 1.1 mm)

0.043 in (1.1 mm)

UL

125 °C (257 °F)

Fast

043301.5

Littelfuse

Electric Fuse

Surface Mount

63 V

63 V

1.5 A

Wraparound

125 mJ

-55 °C (-67 °F)

Tin/Lead with Nickel barrier

50 A

4 h

Rated Breaking Capacity at 63 VDC: 50 A

0.125

Tape And Reel

0.125 in (3.18 mm)

0.06 in (1.52 mm)

e0

63 V

62.5 mΩ

1206

0.125 x 0.06 x 0.023 in (3.18 x 1.52 x 0.58 mm)

0.023 in (0.58 mm)

CSA; UL

90 °C (194 °F)

Very Fast

Fuses

A fuse is an electrical safety device that is designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by overcurrent. Fuses are commonly used in residential, commercial, and industrial electrical systems, and they are an important safety device that helps prevent electrical fires, equipment damage, and personal injury.

A fuse typically consists of a metal wire or filament that is enclosed in a fuse body, which is designed to protect the wire from damage. The fuse is connected in series with the electrical circuit, and when the current flowing through the circuit exceeds a preset level, the wire in the fuse will melt or blow, which opens the circuit and prevents further damage to the electrical system.

Fuses are available in a variety of types and sizes, and they can be classified based on their current rating, voltage rating, and speed of operation. Some common types of fuses include cartridge fuses, blade fuses, and plug fuses.

In addition to protecting electrical systems from overcurrent, fuses can also be used to protect electrical equipment and machinery from damage caused by short circuits or other types of electrical faults. They are a cost-effective and reliable method of electrical protection, and they are widely used in a variety of electrical applications.