Part | RoHS | Manufacturer | Connector Type | Option | Reliability | Contact Gender | Dielectric Withstanding Voltage (V) | No. of Connectors | Panel Mount | Body Length | Body Diameter | Insulation Resistance | Mixed Contacts | Insertion Loss | EMI Shielded | Filter Feature | Body Width | Termination Contact Finish | Body Depth | MIL Conformity | Coupling Type | Insulator Material | Maximum Operating Temperature (Cel) | DIN Conformance | IEC Conformity | Minimum Operating Temperature | Empty Shell | Shell Finish | No. of Ports | Contact Material | Mating Contact Finish | Polarization Key | Additional Features | Voltage Standing Wave Ratio | Reference Standard | Insulator Color | Total No. of Contacts | Durability | Mounting Type | Characteristic Impedance | Sub-Category | Shell Material | Cable Types | Mating Info. | Mains Connector Rating | Termination Type | Minimum Withdrawal Force (N) | Manufacturer Series | Contact Resistance | Body or Shell Style | Mounting Style | Contact Style | JESD-609 Code | Maximum Insertion Force (N) | Terminal Length | Mounting Option-1 | Maximum Operating Frequency |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
MIL-C-39012 |
MALE |
2100VAC |
NO |
.65 inch |
5000000000 ohm |
.18 dB |
NO |
1.5 inch |
YES |
THREADED |
165 |
NO |
NO |
-65 Cel |
SILVER |
1 |
STANDARD: MIL-PRF-39012, INSERTION LOSS MAX AT: 9 GHZ |
1.3 |
1 |
500 Cycles |
CABLE |
50 ohm |
RF TNC Connectors |
BRASS |
RG-223 |
CRIMP |
1.5 mohm |
PLUG |
STRAIGHT |
COAX |
22.24 |
LOCKING |
11 GHz |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
COMMERCIAL |
MALE |
NO |
NO |
1.076 inch |
NO |
THREADED |
ACETAL |
85 |
NO |
NO |
-40 Cel |
NICKEL |
1 |
NOT SPECIFIED |
NOT SPECIFIED |
APPLICABLE CABLES: RG-58/U; RG-58C/U; RG-141/U |
NATURAL |
1 |
500 Cycles |
CABLE |
50 ohm |
RF TNC Connectors |
BRASS |
RG-58 |
CRIMP |
PLUG |
RIGHT ANGLE |
COAX |
LOCKING |
11 GHz |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
MALE |
NO |
.18 dB |
NO |
GOLD |
NO |
THREADED |
POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE |
NO |
NO |
NOT SPECIFIED |
NOT SPECIFIED |
APPLICABLE CABLES: RG 58; RG 58A; RG 58C; RG 303; INSERTION LOSS MAX AT: 9GHZ |
1.3 |
CABLE |
50 ohm |
MULTIPLE MATING PARTS AVAILABLE |
CRIMP |
PLUG |
STRAIGHT |
e4 |
11 GHz |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
COMMERCIAL |
.571 inch |
1.103 inch |
POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE |
NICKEL |
1 |
NATURAL |
1 |
CABLE |
RF TNC Connectors |
BRASS |
CRIMP |
122414 |
PLUG |
RIGHT ANGLE |
COAX |
LOCKING |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
FEMALE |
2121VAC |
YES |
.276 inch |
NO |
.721 inch |
THREADED |
POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE |
165 |
-65 Cel |
NICKEL |
1 |
NATURAL |
1 |
CABLE AND PANEL |
50 ohm |
BRASS |
CRIMP SOLDER |
JACK |
STRAIGHT |
COAX |
LOCKING |
11 GHz |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
COMMERCIAL |
MALE |
2100VAC |
.571 inch |
5000000000 ohm |
.18 dB |
GOLD |
1.072 inch |
POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE |
165 |
-65 Cel |
NICKEL |
1 |
REVERSE POLARITY |
1.3 |
NATURAL |
1 |
CABLE |
50 ohm |
RF TNC Connectors |
BRASS |
RG-58 |
CRIMP |
122108RP |
PLUG |
STRAIGHT |
COAX |
4 GHz |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
MALE |
NO |
NO |
GOLD (3) OVER NICKEL |
NO |
THREADED |
POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE |
NO |
NO |
GOLD (3) OVER NICKEL |
CABLE |
SOLDER |
T1182A1-N/3GT3G-10-50 |
PLUG |
RIGHT ANGLE |
e4 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
NO |
NO |
NO |
THREADED |
POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE |
NO |
NO |
NOT SPECIFIED |
NOT SPECIFIED |
APPLICABLE CABLES: RG-58/U; RG-58/U |
CABLE |
CRIMP |
PLUG |
RIGHT ANGLE |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
COMMERCIAL |
FEMALE |
.768 inch |
POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE |
NICKEL |
1 |
NATURAL |
1 |
CABLE |
RF TNC Connectors |
BRASS |
RG-178B/U |
CRIMP |
122370RP |
JACK |
STRAIGHT |
COAX |
LOCKING |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
COMMERCIAL |
MALE |
2100VAC |
NO |
.571 inch |
5000000000 ohm |
.18 dB |
NO |
GOLD |
.985 inch |
NO |
THREADED |
ACETAL |
165 |
NO |
NO |
-65 Cel |
NICKEL |
1 |
NOT SPECIFIED |
NOT SPECIFIED |
APPLICABLE CABLE: RG 58/U |
1.3 |
NATURAL |
1 |
CABLE |
50 ohm |
RF TNC Connectors |
BRASS |
RG-58 |
CRIMP |
1.5 mohm |
PLUG |
STRAIGHT |
COAX |
e4 |
11 GHz |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
COMMERCIAL |
FEMALE |
YES |
.18 dB |
NO |
.709 inch |
NO |
THREADED |
POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE |
NO |
NO |
NICKEL |
1 |
NOT SPECIFIED |
APPLICABLE CABLES: RG-58/U; RG-58C/U |
1.3 |
NATURAL |
1 |
CABLE AND PANEL |
50 ohm |
RF TNC Connectors |
BRASS |
RG-58/U |
CRIMP |
JACK |
STRAIGHT |
COAX |
LOCKING |
11 GHz |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
COMMERCIAL |
FEMALE |
.709 inch |
POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE |
NICKEL |
1 |
NOT SPECIFIED |
NOT SPECIFIED |
NATURAL |
1 |
CABLE |
RF TNC Connectors |
BRASS |
RG-58/U |
CRIMP |
JACK |
STRAIGHT |
COAX |
LOCKING |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
FEMALE |
NO |
GOLD |
NO |
THREADED |
POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE |
NO |
NO |
GOLD |
CABLE |
CRIMP |
122122 |
JACK |
STRAIGHT |
e4 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
MALE |
NO |
.18 dB |
NO |
YES |
THREADED |
POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE |
NO |
NO |
APPLICABLE CABLES: RG 58; RG 141 |
1.3 |
CABLE |
50 ohm |
CRIMP |
M23329/4-01 |
PLUG |
STRAIGHT |
11 GHz |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
COMMERCIAL |
MALE |
700VAC |
POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE |
85 |
-40 Cel |
NICKEL |
1 |
1.3 |
NATURAL |
1 |
500 Cycles |
CABLE |
50 ohm |
RF TNC Connectors |
BRASS |
RG-316/U |
CRIMP |
122116-15 |
PLUG |
STRAIGHT |
COAX |
LOCKING |
6 GHz |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
MALE |
NO |
.5 inch |
.18 dB |
NO |
1.12 inch |
THREADED |
POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE |
1 |
APPLICABLE CABLES: RG 142; RG 400 |
1.3 |
1 |
CABLE |
50 ohm |
CRIMP |
PLUG |
STRAIGHT |
COAX |
11 GHz |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
COMMERCIAL |
POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE |
165 |
-65 Cel |
NICKEL |
1 |
NATURAL |
1 |
500 Cycles |
CABLE |
50 ohm |
RF TNC Connectors |
BRASS |
LMR400 |
CRIMP |
122393RP |
PLUG |
STRAIGHT |
COAX |
LOCKING |
11 GHz |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
MALE |
YES |
.18 dB |
NO |
NICKEL |
NO |
THREADED |
POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE |
NO |
NO |
NOT SPECIFIED |
NICKEL |
APPLICABLE CABLE: RG-58/U, INSERTION LOSS MAX AT 9 GHZ |
1.3 |
CABLE AND PANEL |
50 ohm |
CRIMP |
JACK |
STRAIGHT |
4 GHz |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
MALE |
NO |
.18 dB |
NO |
GOLD |
NO |
THREADED |
POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE |
NO |
NO |
GOLD |
INSERTION LOSS MAX AT: 9GHZ |
1.35 |
CABLE |
50 ohm |
MULTIPLE MATING PARTS AVAILABLE |
CRIMP SOLDER |
031 |
PLUG |
RIGHT ANGLE |
e4 |
11 GHz |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
COMMERCIAL |
MALE |
NO |
.571 inch |
NO |
1.076 inch |
NO |
THREADED |
ACETAL |
NO |
NO |
NICKEL |
1 |
APPLICABLE CABLES: RG-55/U; RG-142A/U; RG-223/U; RG-400/U |
NATURAL |
1 |
CABLE |
RF TNC Connectors |
BRASS |
RG-223/U |
CRIMP |
122365 |
PLUG |
RIGHT ANGLE |
COAX |
LOCKING |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
COMMERCIAL |
MALE |
NO |
NO |
1.076 inch |
NO |
THREADED |
ACETAL |
NO |
NO |
NICKEL |
1 |
NOT SPECIFIED |
APPLICABLE CABLES: RG-174/U; RG-188A/U; RG-316/U |
NATURAL |
1 |
CABLE |
RF TNC Connectors |
BRASS |
RG-174/U |
CRIMP |
PLUG |
RIGHT ANGLE |
COAX |
LOCKING |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
MALE |
NO |
NO |
GOLD |
NO |
THREADED |
ACETAL |
NO |
NO |
NICKEL |
1 |
GOLD |
APPLICABLE CABLES: RG 55/U; RG 142A/U; RG 223/U; RG 400/U |
NATURAL |
1 |
CABLE |
RF TNC Connectors |
BRASS |
RG-223/U |
CRIMP |
122372 |
PLUG |
STRAIGHT |
COAX |
e4 |
LOCKING |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
COMMERCIAL |
.571 inch |
1.072 inch |
POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE |
NICKEL |
1 |
NOT SPECIFIED |
NOT SPECIFIED |
NATURAL |
1 |
CABLE |
RF TNC Connectors |
BRASS |
RG-223/U |
CRIMP |
PLUG |
STRAIGHT |
COAX |
LOCKING |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
COMMERCIAL |
MALE |
NO |
.18 dB |
GOLD |
NO |
POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE |
NO |
NO |
NICKEL |
1 |
GOLD |
1.3 |
NATURAL |
1 |
CABLE |
50 ohm |
RF TNC Connectors |
BRASS |
BELDEN 9913 |
CRIMP |
122393 |
PLUG |
STRAIGHT |
COAX |
e4 |
LOCKING |
11 GHz |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
YES |
GOLD |
NO |
THREADED |
POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE |
NO |
NO |
GOLD |
50 ohm |
031-2301-RFX |
JACK |
STRAIGHT |
e4 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
MALE |
NO |
.18 dB |
NO |
GOLD |
NO |
THREADED |
POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE |
NO |
NO |
NOT SPECIFIED |
NOT SPECIFIED |
APPLICABLE CABLES: RG 58; RG 58A; RG 58C; RG 303; INSERTION LOSS MAX AT: 9GHZ |
1.3 |
CABLE |
50 ohm |
MULTIPLE MATING PARTS AVAILABLE |
CRIMP |
PLUG |
STRAIGHT |
e4 |
11 GHz |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
MALE |
NO |
.18 dB |
NO |
SILVER |
NO |
THREADED |
POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE |
NO |
NO |
NOT SPECIFIED |
NOT SPECIFIED |
APPLICABLE CABLES: RG 55; RG 142; RG 223; RG 400; INSERTION LOSS MAX AT: 9GHZ |
1.3 |
CABLE |
50 ohm |
MULTIPLE MATING PARTS AVAILABLE |
CRIMP |
PLUG |
STRAIGHT |
e4 |
11 GHz |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
MALE |
NO |
NO |
NO |
THREADED |
ACETAL |
NO |
NO |
CABLE |
75 ohm |
CRIMP |
122117 |
PLUG |
STRAIGHT |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
FEMALE |
YES |
NO |
.721 inch |
THREADED |
POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE |
NICKEL |
1 |
NATURAL |
1 |
CABLE AND PANEL |
50 ohm |
BRASS |
SOLDER |
JACK |
STRAIGHT |
COAX |
11 GHz |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
COMMERCIAL |
FEMALE |
YES |
NO |
.709 inch |
NO |
THREADED |
POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE |
NO |
NO |
NICKEL |
1 |
NOT SPECIFIED |
APPLICABLE CABLES: RG-142/U; RG-223/U; RG-400/U |
NATURAL |
1 |
CABLE AND PANEL |
RF TNC Connectors |
BRASS |
RG-142/U |
CRIMP |
JACK |
STRAIGHT |
COAX |
LOCKING |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
FEMALE |
NO |
NO |
NO |
THREADED |
POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE |
NO |
NO |
CABLE |
50 ohm |
CRIMP |
122374 |
JACK |
STRAIGHT |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
COMMERCIAL |
MALE |
NO |
.571 inch |
NO |
GOLD |
NO |
THREADED |
ACETAL |
NO |
NO |
NICKEL |
1 |
GOLD |
APPLICABLE CABLES: RG 174/U, RG 188A/U, RG 316/U |
NATURAL |
1 |
CABLE |
Other RF Connectors |
BRASS |
RG-174/U |
CRIMP |
122375 |
PLUG |
STRAIGHT |
COAX |
e4 |
LOCKING |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
MALE |
NO |
.572 inch |
NO |
.985 inch |
THREADED |
ACETAL |
NICKEL |
1 |
NATURAL |
1 |
CABLE |
75 ohm |
BRASS |
RG-6/U |
CRIMP |
PLUG |
STRAIGHT |
COAX |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
COMMERCIAL |
MALE |
NO |
NO |
1.497 inch |
NO |
THREADED |
POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE |
NO |
NO |
NICKEL |
1 |
NATURAL |
1 |
CABLE |
50 ohm |
RF TNC Connectors |
BRASS |
BELDEN 9913 |
CLAMP |
122397 |
PLUG |
STRAIGHT |
COAX |
LOCKING |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
MALE |
NO |
NO |
THREADED |
POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE |
NO |
NO |
NOT SPECIFIED |
NOT SPECIFIED |
CABLE |
CRIMP |
PLUG |
STRAIGHT |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
COMMERCIAL |
FEMALE |
2100VAC |
.571 inch |
POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE |
85 |
-40 Cel |
NICKEL |
1 |
NATURAL |
1 |
500 Cycles |
CABLE |
50 ohm |
Other RF Connectors |
BRASS |
RG-8 |
CRIMP |
122408RP |
PLUG |
STRAIGHT |
COAX |
LOCKING |
11 GHz |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
COMMERCIAL |
FEMALE |
NO |
.453 inch |
NO |
1.135 inch |
NO |
THREADED |
ACETAL |
NO |
NO |
NICKEL |
1 |
NATURAL |
1 |
CABLE |
50 ohm |
Other RF Connectors |
BRASS |
CRIMP |
122409 |
JACK |
STRAIGHT |
COAX |
LOCKING |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
MALE |
NO |
NO |
NO |
THREADED |
POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE |
NO |
NO |
CABLE |
CRIMP |
122410 |
PLUG |
STRAIGHT |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
COMMERCIAL |
FEMALE |
1.103 inch |
POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE |
NICKEL |
1 |
NATURAL |
1 |
CABLE |
RF TNC Connectors |
BRASS |
BELDEN 9913 |
CRIMP |
122416RP |
PLUG |
RIGHT ANGLE |
COAX |
LOCKING |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
MALE |
NO |
NO |
NO |
THREADED |
POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE |
NO |
NO |
CABLE |
50 ohm |
CRIMP |
122417 |
PLUG |
STRAIGHT |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
COMMERCIAL |
FEMALE |
YES |
NO |
GOLD |
.689 inch |
NO |
THREADED |
POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE |
NO |
NO |
NICKEL |
1 |
GOLD |
NATURAL |
1 |
RF TNC Connectors |
BRASS |
122443 |
JACK |
STRAIGHT |
COAX |
e4 |
LOCKING |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
FEMALE |
YES |
.18 dB |
NO |
NO |
THREADED |
ACETAL/POLYTETRAFLUORO ETHYLENE |
NO |
NO |
NOT SPECIFIED |
NOT SPECIFIED |
STANDARD: MIL-C-39012, INSERTION LOSS MAX AT 9 GHZ |
1.3 |
CABLE AND PANEL |
50 ohm |
CRIMP |
RECEPTACLE |
STRAIGHT |
11 GHz |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Amphenol |
RF TNC CONNECTOR |
GENERAL PURPOSE |
COMMERCIAL |
MALE |
1500VAC |
NO |
.18 dB |
NO |
Gold/Silver (Au/Ag) |
.961 inch |
YES |
THREADED |
ACETAL/POLYTETRAFLUORO ETHYLENE |
165 |
NO |
NO |
-65 Cel |
1 |
NOT SPECIFIED |
GOLD/SILVER |
APPLICABLE CABLE: RG 142/U, RG 400/U; STANDARD: MIL-C-39012; INSERTION LOSS MAX AT 9 GHZ |
1.3 |
1 |
500 Cycles |
CABLE |
50 ohm |
RF TNC Connectors |
RG-142B/U |
CRIMP |
PLUG |
STRAIGHT |
COAX |
e4 |
LOCKING |
11 GHz |
TNC connectors are a type of threaded RF (radio frequency) connector used for terminating coaxial cables. They are similar in design to the BNC connector but feature a threaded coupling mechanism for a more secure and stable connection.
TNC connectors consist of a male and female connector, with the male connector featuring a center pin that plugs into the female connector, which has a socket to receive the pin. They are typically available in 50 ohm and 75 ohm versions, and can be used for both DC and high-frequency signals.
One advantage of TNC connectors is their threaded coupling mechanism, which ensures a stable and secure connection that can withstand vibration and other stresses. They are also designed to provide a low-loss signal transmission, making them a popular choice for many high-performance applications.
TNC connectors are commonly used in a variety of industrial and commercial applications, including telecommunications, data centers, and military and aerospace applications. They may be subject to rigorous testing and qualification requirements to ensure their reliability and performance.