HP Computer Processors 2,400+

Reset All
Part RoHS Manufacturer Brand Name Product Line Product Model Product Type Processor Generation Number of Monitors Supported Graphics Memory Technology Packing Limited Warranty Bus Speed L3 Cache Product Series Maximum Memory Supported Packaged Quantity Memory Technology HyperTransport Speed (GT/s) Direct Media Interface L2 Cache Model Compatibility Graphics Controller Model Thermal Specification Length Shipping Weight (Approximate) Processor Core Brand Compatibility Product Color Thermal Design Power Cooler Type Processor Technology Processor Manufacturer Intel Optane Memory Ready Environmental Certification Environmentally Friendly Maximum Cache Level Clock Speed Platform Supported Depth Process Technology Width Package Type L1 Cache HyperTransport Speed (MHz) Overclocking Speed Energy Star Processor Socket QuickPath Interconnect Graphics Controller Manufacturer Weight (Approximate) Product Condition 64-bit Processing Input Voltage Front Side Bus Processor Threads Maximum Cache Height HyperTransport Speed (MT/s) Product Name Integrated Graphics Intel Optane Memory Capacity Country of Origin

492131-L21

HP Inc.

HP

Xeon DP

E5506

Processor Upgrade

4 MB

5500

1 MB

76 °C

Quad-core (4 Core)

80 W

Virtualization Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology

Intel

RoHS

Yes

2.13 GHz

PC

45 nm

256 KB

Socket B LGA-1366

4.8 GT/s

Yes

1.35 V DC

Xeon DP Quad-core E5506 2.13GHz - Processor Upgrade

N2Q47AV

HP Inc.

HP

Core i5

i5-6500

Processor Upgrade

3

6 MB

8 GT/s

1 MB

HD Graphics 530

71 °C

Quad-core (4 Core)

65 W

Intel

3.2 GHz

37.5 mm

14 nm

37.5 mm

3.6 GHz

Socket H4 LGA-1151

Intel

Yes

Core i5 Quad-core i5-6500 3.2GHz Desktop Processor Upgrade

433104R-B21

HP Inc.

HP

Xeon DP

X5355

Processor Upgrade

1333 MHz

8 MB

65 °C

Quad-core (4 Core)

120 W

Enhanced SpeedStep Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology, Virtualization Technology

Intel

RoHS

Yes

2.66 GHz

PC

65 nm

Socket J

Yes

1.2 V DC

1333 MHz

Xeon DP Quad-Core X5355 2.66GHz - Processor Upgrade

WT988AV

HP Inc.

HP

Phenom II X3

N830

Processor Upgrade

1.5 MB

Triple-core (3 Core)

35 W

AMD64 Technology, Virtualization Technology, HyperTransport Technology

AMD

2.1 GHz

PC

45 nm

3600

Socket S1 PGA-638

Yes

Phenom II X3 Tri-core 2.1GHz Mobile Processor Upgrade

178944-001

HP Inc.

HP

Pentium III Xeon

Processor Upgrade

100 MHz

2 MB

65 °C

Single-core (1 Core)

29.6 W

Heat Pipe

Intel

700 MHz

PC

180 nm

Slot 2

No

Pentium III Xeon 700MHz Processor Upgrade

9AW81AV

HP Inc.

HP

Core i5

i5-10500

Processor Upgrade

10th Gen

3

12 MB

UHD Graphics 630

100 °C

Hexa-core (6 Core)

65 W

Intel

3.1 GHz

37.5 mm

14 nm

37.5 mm

4.5 GHz

Socket LGA-1200

Intel

Yes

12

Core i5 Hexa-core i5-10500 3.10 GHz Desktop Processor Upgrade

510150-L21

HP Inc.

HP

Opteron

2382

Processor Upgrade

6 MB

2 MB

77 °C

Quad-core (4 Core)

75 W

AMD64 Technology, CoolCore Technology, Virtualization Technology, HyperTransport Technology, AMD PowerNow! Technology

AMD

RoHS

Yes

2.6 GHz

PC

45 nm

512 KB

1000

Socket F LGA-1207

Yes

Opteron Quad-core 2382 2.6GHz - Processor Upgrade

6DS06AV

HP Inc.

HP

Core i3

i3-9100

Processor Upgrade

9th Gen

3

6 MB

Intel® UHD Graphics 630

Quad-core (4 Core)

65 W

Intel

3.6 GHz

37.5 mm

14 nm

37.5 mm

4.2 GHz

Socket H4 LGA-1151

Intel

Yes

4

Core i3 Quad-core i3-9100 3.6GHz Desktop Processor Upgrade

348110-L21

HP Inc.

HP

Xeon MP

Processor Upgrade

667 MHz

8 MB

1

1 MB

Single-core (1 Core)

Hyper-Threading Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology

Intel

3.0 GHz

PC

16 KB

Socket PGA-604

667 MHz

Xeon MP 3.0GHz - Processor Upgrade

400052B21

HP Inc.

HP

Pentium II Xeon

Processor Upgrade

1 Year

100 MHz

1

1 MB

75 °C

Single-core (1 Core)

42.8 W

Intel

450 MHz

PC

250 nm

32 KB

Slot 2

2.0 V DC

100 MHz

Pentium II Xeon 450MHz - Processor Upgrade

D2A39AV

HP Inc.

HP

Core i7

i7-3520M

Processor Upgrade

3

4 MB

i7-3500

5 GT/s

512 KB

HD Graphics 4000

105 °C

Dual-core (2 Core)

35 W

InTru 3D Technology, Clear Video HD Technology, Turbo Boost Technology 2.0, vPro Technology, Hyper-Threading Technology, Virtualization Technology, Trusted Execution Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology, Anti-Theft Technology, My WiFi Technology, Thermal Monitoring Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology

Intel

2.9 GHz

PC

22 nm

128 KB

Intel

Yes

Core i7 Dual-core i7-3520M 2.9GHz Mobile Processor Upgrade

LB194AV

HP Inc.

HP

Xeon DP

E5649

Processor Upgrade

12 MB

5600

1.5 MB

76.2 °C

Hexa-core (6 Core)

80 W

Turbo Boost Technology, Hyper-Threading Technology, Virtualization Technology, Trusted Execution Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology

Intel

2.53 GHz

PC

45 mm

32 nm

42.5 mm

384 KB

Socket B LGA-1366

5.86 GT/s

Yes

Xeon DP Hexa-core E5649 2.53GHz Processor Upgrade

637863-B21

HP Inc.

HP

Xeon DP

X5690

Processor Upgrade

12 MB

5600

1.5 MB

78.5 °C

Hexa-core (6 Core)

130 W

Turbo Boost Technology, Hyper-Threading Technology, Virtualization Technology, Trusted Execution Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology

Intel

3.46 GHz

PC

45 mm

32 nm

42.5 mm

384 KB

Socket B LGA-1366

6.4 GT/s

Yes

1.35 V DC

Xeon DP Hexa-core X5690 3.46GHz Processor Upgrade

430819-L21

HP Inc.

HP

Xeon MP

7110M

Processor Upgrade

800 MHz

4 MB

1

2 MB

60 °C

Dual-core (2 Core)

95 W

Virtualization Technology, Hyper-Threading Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology

Intel

RoHS

Yes

2.6 GHz

PC

65 nm

Socket PGA-604

Yes

800 MHz

Xeon MP Dual-core 7110M 2.6GHz - Processor Upgrade

GL130AV

HP Inc.

HP

Core 2 Quad

Q6600

Processor Upgrade

1066 MHz

8 MB

Quad-core (4 Core)

Intel

2.40 GHz

PC

65 nm

Socket T LGA-775

1066 MHz

Core 2 Quad Q6600 2.40GHz - Processor Upgrade

487901-B21

HP Inc.

HP

Xeon DP

L5420

Processor Upgrade

1333 MHz

12 MB

57 °C

Quad-core (4 Core)

50 W

Virtualization Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology

Intel

RoHS

Yes

2.5 GHz

PC

45 nm

256 KB

Socket J LGA-771

Yes

1.35 V DC

1333 MHz

Xeon DP Quad-core L5420 2.5GHz - Processor Upgrade

378748-B21

HP Inc.

HP

Xeon

Processor Upgrade

800 MHz

1

2 MB

Single-core (1 Core)

Extended Memory 64 Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology, Hyper-Threading Technology

Intel

3.0 GHz

PC

800 MHz

Xeon 3.0GHz Processor - Upgrade

B4H97AV

HP Inc.

HP

Core i5

i5-3475S

Processor Upgrade

3

6 MB

i5-3400

5 GT/s

1 MB

HD Graphics 4000

Quad-core (4 Core)

65 W

InTru 3D Technology, Clear Video HD Technology, Turbo Boost Technology 2.0, vPro Technology, Virtualization Technology, Trusted Execution Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology, Anti-Theft Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology, Thermal Monitoring Technology

Intel

2.9 GHz

PC

3.75 cm

22 nm

3.75 cm

256 KB

Socket H2 LGA-1155

Intel

Yes

Core i5 Quad-core i5-3475S 2.9GHz Desktop Processor Upgrade

458725-L21

HP Inc.

HP

Xeon DP

E5205

Processor Upgrade

1066 MHz

6 MB

66 °C

Dual-core (2 Core)

Virtualization Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology

Intel

1.86 GHz

PC

45 nm

128 KB

Socket J

1066 MHz

Xeon DP Dual-core E5205 1.86GHz - Processor Upgrade

LT037AV

HP Inc.

HP

Core i3

i3-2330M

Processor Upgrade

3 MB

i3-2300

5 GT/s

512 KB

HD Graphics 3000

85 °C

Dual-core (2 Core)

35 W

InTru 3D Technology, Clear Video HD Technology, Hyper-Threading Technology, Virtualization Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology, Anti-Theft Technology, My WiFi Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology, Thermal Monitoring Technology

Intel

2.2 GHz

PC

37.5 mm

32 nm

37.5 mm

128 KB

Socket G2

Intel

Yes

Core i3 Dual-core i3-2330M 2.2GHz Mobile Processor Upgrade

480292-L21

HP Inc.

HP

Opteron

1218

Processor Upgrade

2 MB

74 °C

Dual-core (2 Core)

103 W

Virtualization Technology, AMD64 Technology, HyperTransport Technology, AMD PowerNow! Technology

AMD

RoHS

Yes

2.60 GHz

PC

90 nm

256 KB

1000

Socket AM2 PGA-940

Yes

Opteron Dual-core 1218 2.60GHz - Processor Upgrade

441633-L21

HP Inc.

HP

Xeon UP

3070

Processor Upgrade

1066 MHz

3000

1

4 MB

60 °C

Dual-core (2 Core)

Virtualization Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology

Intel

2.66 GHz

PC

65 nm

Socket T LGA-775

1066 MHz

Xeon UP Dual-core 3070 2.66GHz - Processor Upgrade

VS579AV

HP Inc.

HP

Core i7

i7-620M

Processor Upgrade

4 MB

i7-600

1 MB

105 °C

Dual-core (2 Core)

35 W

Enhanced SpeedStep Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology, Virtualization Technology, Turbo Boost Technology, Hyper-Threading Technology

Intel

RoHS

Yes

2.6 GHz

PC

32 nm

256 KB

Socket PGA-988

4.8 GT/s

Yes

Core i7 I7-620M Dual-core 2.6GHz Mobile Processor Upgrade

Z5V22AV

HP Inc.

HP

Core i7

i7-7700

Processor Upgrade

3

8 MB

8 GT/s

1 MB

HD Graphics 630

100 °C

Quad-core (4 Core)

65 W

Intel

3.6 GHz

3.75 cm

14 nm

3.75 cm

4.2 GHz

Socket H4 LGA-1151

Intel

Yes

Core i7 Quad-core i7-7700 3.6GHz Desktop Processor Upgrade

592308-B21

HP Inc.

HP

Xeon DP

E5640

Processor Upgrade

12 MB

5600

1 MB

77.6 °C

Quad-core (4 Core)

80 W

Turbo Boost Technology, Virtualization Technology, Hyper-Threading Technology, Trusted Execution Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology

Intel

RoHS

Yes

2.66 GHz

PC

32 nm

256 KB

Socket B LGA-1366

5.86 GT/s

Yes

1.3 V DC

Xeon DP Quad-core E5640 2.66GHz Processor Upgrade

506012-001

HP Inc.

HP

Xeon

X5570

Processor Upgrade

8 MB

5500

1 MB

75 °C

Quad-core (4 Core)

95 W

Virtualization Technology, Hyper-Threading Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology, Demand Based Switching

Intel

2.93 GHz

PC

4.5 cm

45 nm

4.25 cm

256 KB

3.33 GHz

Socket B LGA-1366

6.4 GT/s

Yes

Xeon Quad-core X5570 2.93GHz Server Processor Upgrade

637861-L21

HP Inc.

HP

Xeon DP

X5650

Processor Upgrade

12 MB

5600

1.5 MB

81.3 °C

Hexa-core (6 Core)

95 W

Turbo Boost Technology, Hyper-Threading Technology, Virtualization Technology, Trusted Execution Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology

Intel

2.66 GHz

PC

45 mm

32 nm

42.5 mm

384 KB

Socket B LGA-1366

6.4 GT/s

Yes

Xeon DP Hexa-core X5650 2.66GHz FIO Processor Upgrade

519232-B21#0D1

HP Inc.

HP

Opteron

2389

Processor Upgrade

6 MB

2 MB

77 °C

Quad-core (4 Core)

75 W

AMD64 Technology, CoolCore Technology, Virtualization Technology, HyperTransport Technology, AMD PowerNow! Technology

AMD

RoHS

Yes

2.9 GHz

PC

45 nm

512 KB

2200

Socket F LGA-1207

Yes

Opteron Quad-core 2389 2.9GHz - Processor Upgrade

592051R-B21

HP Inc.

HP

Xeon

L5640

Processor Upgrade

12 MB

5600

1

1.5 MB

63.1 °C

Hexa-core (6 Core)

40 W

Turbo Boost Technology, Hyper-Threading Technology, Virtualization Technology, Trusted Execution Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology, Demand Based Switching

Intel

WEEE, REACH

Yes

2.26 GHz

PC

45 mm

32 nm

42.5 mm

256 KB

Socket B LGA-1366

5.86 GT/s

Refurbished

Yes

1.35 V DC

Xeon L5640 Hexa-core 2.26GHz Processor Upgrade

QE590AV

HP Inc.

HP

A6-4400M

Processor Upgrade

A6

1 MB

Radeon HD 7520G

100 °C

Dual-core (2 Core)

35 W

Turbo Boost Technology 2.0, Virtualization Technology, AMD64 Technology, PowerNow Technology

AMD

2.7 GHz

PC

32 nm

Socket FS1

AMD

Yes

A6 Series Dual-core A6-4400M 2.7GHz Mobile Processor Upgrade

438222-B21

HP Inc.

HP

Opteron

2220

Processor Upgrade

2 MB

Dual-core (2 Core)

Virtualization Technology, HyperTransport Technology

AMD

2.8 GHz

PC

0.09 µ

256 KB

1000

Socket F LGA-1207

Opteron Dual-Core 2220 2.8GHz - Processor Upgrade

VD476AV

HP Inc.

HP

Core i7

i7-720QM

Processor Upgrade

6 MB

i7-700

100 °C

Quad-core (4 Core)

45 W

Enhanced SpeedStep Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology, Virtualization Technology, Hyper-Threading Technology, Trusted Execution Technology

Intel

RoHS

Yes

1.6 GHz

PC

45 nm

Socket PGA-988

2.5 GT/s

Yes

1.400 V DC

Core i7 Quad-core I7-720QM 1.60GHz Mobile Processor - Upgrade

572221-L21

HP Inc.

HP

Opteron

2435

Processor Upgrade

6 MB

3 MB

76 °C

Hexa-core (6 Core)

75 W

AMD64 Technology, CoolCore Technology, Virtualization Technology, HyperTransport Technology, AMD PowerNow! Technology

AMD

RoHS

Yes

2.6 GHz

PC

45 nm

768 KB

4800

Socket F LGA-1207

Yes

Opteron Hexa-core 2435 2.6GHz - Processor Upgrade

XN065AV

HP Inc.

HP

Celeron

P4600

Processor Upgrade

2 MB

P4000

2.5 GT/s

512 KB

Dual-core (2 Core)

35 W

Virtualization Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology

Intel

2 GHz

PC

32 nm

128 KB

Socket PGA-988

Yes

Celeron Dual-core P4600 2GHz Mobile Processor Upgrade

E2Q74AA

HP Inc.

HP

Xeon

E5-2697 v2

Processor Upgrade

30 MB

E5-2600 v2

3 MB

86 °C

Dodeca-core (12 Core)

130 W

Turbo Boost Technology 2.0, vPro Technology, Hyper-Threading Technology, Virtualization Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology, Demand Based Switching, Thermal Monitoring Technology, Trusted Execution Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology

Intel

2.7 GHz

PC

51 mm

22 nm

52.5 mm

768 KB

3.5 GHz

Socket R LGA-2011

8 GT/s

Yes

1.3 V DC

Xeon Dodeca-core E5-2697 v2 2.7GHz Server Processor Upgrade

A9810A

HP Inc.

HP

Itanium 2

Processor Upgrade

6 MB

1

256 KB

Dual-core (2 Core)

Intel

1.5 GHz

PC

32 KB

Itanium 2 1.5GHz Processor - Upgrade

N8C14AV

HP Inc.

HP

Core i5

i5-6500T

Processor Upgrade

3

6 MB

i5-6500

8 GT/s

1 MB

HD Graphics 530

66 °C

Quad-core (4 Core)

35 W

Intel

2.5 GHz

37.5 mm

14 nm

37.5 mm

3.1 GHz

Socket H4 LGA-1151

Intel

Yes

Core i5 Quad-core i5-6500T 2.5GHz Desktop Processor Upgrade

452997-B21#0D1

HP Inc.

HP

Xeon DP

X5365

Processor Upgrade

1333 MHz

5300

1

8 MB

63 °C

Quad-core (4 Core)

Intel

3.0 GHz

PC

65 nm

256 KB

Socket J

1333 MHz

Xeon DP Quad-core X5365 3.0GHz - Processor Upgrade

A1G81AV

HP Inc.

HP

Core i7

i7-3520M

Processor Upgrade

4 MB

i7-3500

5 GT/s

512 KB

HD 4000

105 °C

Dual-core (2 Core)

35 W

InTru 3D Technology, Clear Video HD Technology, Turbo Boost Technology 2.0, vPro Technology, Hyper-Threading Technology, Virtualization Technology, Trusted Execution Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology, Anti-Theft Technology, My WiFi Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology, Thermal Monitoring Technology

Intel

2.9 GHz

PC

37.5 mm

22 nm

37.5 mm

128 KB

Socket G2

Intel

Yes

Core i7 Dual-core i7-3520M 2.9GHz Mobile Processor Upgrade

495936R-B21

HP Inc.

HP

Xeon DP

E5540

Processor Upgrade

8 MB

5500

76 °C

Quad-core (4 Core)

80 W

Virtualization Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology, Hyper-Threading Technology, Turbo Boost Technology

Intel

RoHS

Yes

2.53 GHz

PC

45 nm

Socket B LGA-1366

5.86 GT/s

Yes

1.350 V DC

Xeon DP Quad-core E5540 2.53GHz Processor Upgrade

WT829AV

HP Inc.

HP

Core 2 Duo

E8500

Processor Upgrade

1333 MHz

E8000

1

6 MB

72.4 °C

Dual-core (2 Core)

65 W

Virtualization Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology, Trusted Execution Technology, Thermal Monitoring Technology

Intel

3.16 GHz

PC

3.75 cm

45 nm

3.75 cm

128 KB

Socket T LGA-775

Yes

1.3625 V DC

Core 2 Duo Dual-core E8500 3.16GHz Desktop Processor Upgrade

Z6G34AV

HP Inc.

HP

Core i5

i5-7500

Processor Upgrade

3

6 MB

8 GT/s

1 MB

HD Graphics 630

100 °C

Quad-core (4 Core)

65 W

Intel

3.40 GHz

37.5 mm

14 nm

37.5 mm

3.80 GHz

Socket H4 LGA-1151

Intel

Yes

Core i5 Quad-core i5-7500 3.4GHz Desktop Processor Upgrade

587507-B21-RF

HP Inc.

HP

Xeon

L5640

Processor Upgrade

12 MB

5600

1

1.5 MB

69.4 °C

Hexa-core (6 Core)

60 W

Intel

2.26 GHz

42.5 mm

32 nm

45 mm

2.8 GHz

Socket FCLGA1366

5.86 GT/s

Refurbished

Yes

1.35 V DC

Xeon Hexa-core L5640 2.26GHz Server Processor Upgrade

VH754AV

HP Inc.

HP

Core i7

i7-870

Processor Upgrade

8 MB

i7-800

1 MB

72.7 °C

Quad-core (4 Core)

95 W

Virtualization Technology, Hyper-Threading Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology

Intel

RoHS

Yes

2.93 GHz

PC

45 nm

256 KB

Socket H LGA-1156

4.8 GT/s

Yes

1.4 V DC

Core i7 Quad-core i7-870 2.93GHz Desktop Processor

GX331AV

HP Inc.

HP

Core 2 Duo

T9300

Processor

800 MHz

6 MB

100 °C

Dual-core (2 Core)

Virtualization Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology

Intel

RoHS

Yes

2.50 GHz

PC

45 nm

128 KB

800 MHz

Core 2 Duo T9300 2.50GHz Mobile Processor

390246-001

HP Inc.

HP

Opteron

852

Processor Upgrade

1 MB

Single-core (1 Core)

68 W

3DNow! Professional, AMD64 Technology, PowerNow Technology, HyperTransport Technology

AMD

2.6 GHz

PC

90 nm

128 KB

Socket PGA-940

Yes

Opteron 852 2.6GHz Processor Upgrade

T9U14AT

HP Inc.

HP

Xeon

E5-2630 v4

Processor Upgrade

25 MB

E5-2600 v4

2.5 MB

74 °C

Deca-core (10 Core)

85 W

Intel

2.2 GHz

51 mm

14 nm

52.5 mm

3.1 GHz

Socket R3 LGA-2011

8 GT/s

Yes

Xeon Deca-core E5-2630 v4 2.2GHz Server Processor Upgrade

A6S94AA

HP Inc.

HP

Xeon

E5-2667

Processor Upgrade

1 Year

15 MB

E5-2600

1.5 MB

85 °C

Hexa-core (6 Core)

130 W

Heatsink

Virtualization Technology, vPro Technology, Hyper-Threading Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology, Trusted Execution Technology, Thermal Monitoring Technology, Demand Based Switching, Turbo Boost Technology 2.0

Intel

RoHS

Yes

2.9 GHz

PC

52.5 mm

32 nm

45 mm

Socket R LGA-2011

8 GT/s

Yes

1.35 V DC

Xeon Hexa-core E5-2667 2.9GHz Processor Upgrade

Computer Processors

Computer Processors, often referred to simply as processors or CPUs (Central Processing Units), are silicon chips that serve as the brain of a computing device. These integrated circuits are responsible for executing instructions and performing calculations in computers, smartphones, tablets, and other electronic devices. Microprocessors come in various architectures and designs, each optimized for specific applications and performance requirements. They typically include features such as multiple cores, advanced instruction sets, and power-saving technologies to deliver optimal performance and efficiency.