HP-IMSourcing DS Computer Processors 414

Reset All

Part	Manufacturer	Brand Name	Product Line	Product Model	Product Type	Limited Warranty	Bus Speed	L3 Cache	Product Series	Packaged Quantity	Direct Media Interface	L2 Cache	Thermal Specification	Processor Core	Thermal Design Power	Processor Technology	Processor Manufacturer	Environmental Certification	Environmentally Friendly	Clock Speed	Platform Supported	Depth	Process Technology	Width	L1 Cache	HyperTransport Speed (MHz)	Overclocking Speed	Processor Socket	QuickPath Interconnect	Product Condition	64-bit Processing	Input Voltage	Front Side Bus	HyperTransport Speed (MT/s)	Product Name
437444-B21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon	E5335	Processor Upgrade		1333 MHz			1		8 MB		Quad-core (4 Core)		Virtualization Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology	Intel			2.0 GHz	PC		65 nm		256 KB			Socket J					1333 MHz		Xeon Quad-Core E5335 2.0GHz - Processor Upgrade
573893-L21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon	X5560	Processor Upgrade			8 MB	5500			1 MB	75 °C	Quad-core (4 Core)	95 W		Intel	RoHS	Yes	2.8 GHz			45 nm					Socket B LGA-1366	6.4 GT/s		Yes				Xeon Quad-core X5560 2.8GHz - Processor Upgrade
495914-B21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon DP	E5520	Processor Upgrade			8 MB				1 MB	76 °C	Quad-core (4 Core)	80 W	Virtualization Technology, Hyper-Threading Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology	Intel	RoHS	Yes	2.26 GHz	PC		45 nm		256 KB			Socket B LGA-1366	5.86 GT/s		Yes	1.35 V DC			Xeon DP Quad-core E5520 2.26GHz - Processor Upgrade
505878-B21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon	X5550	Processor Upgrade	1 Year		8 MB	5500	1		1 MB	75 °C	Quad-core (4 Core)	95 W		Intel			2.66 GHz		42.5 mm	45 nm	45 mm			3.06 GHz	Socket FCLGA1366	6.4 GT/s	Pre-owned	Yes	1.35 V DC			Xeon Quad-core X5550 2.66GHz Server Processor Upgrade
587507-L21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon DP	L5640	Processor Upgrade			12 MB	5600			1.5 MB	69.4 °C	Hexa-core (6 Core)	60 W	Turbo Boost Technology, Virtualization Technology, Hyper-Threading Technology, Trusted Execution Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology	Intel	RoHS	Yes	2.26 GHz	PC		32 nm		384 KB			Socket B LGA-1366	5.86 GT/s		Yes	1.3 V DC			Xeon DP Hexa-core L5640 2.26GHz Processor Upgrade
638134-001	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon	X5675	Processor Upgrade			12 MB	5600			1.5 MB	81.3 °C	Hexa-core (6 Core)	95 W	Extended Memory 64 Technology, Virtualization Technology, Trusted Execution Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology, Hyper-Threading Technology, Turbo Boost Technology, Demand Based Switching	Intel			3.06 GHz	PC	4.5 cm	32 nm	4.25 cm	384 KB			Socket B LGA-1366	6.4 GT/s		Yes	1.35 V DC			Xeon Hexa-core X5675 3.06GHz Server Processor Upgrade
660595-B21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon	E5-2603	Processor Upgrade			10 MB	E5-2600			1 MB	70 °C	Quad-core (4 Core)	80 W	vPro Technology, Virtualization Technology, Trusted Execution Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology, Demand Based Switching, Thermal Monitoring Technology	Intel	RoHS	Yes	1.8 GHz	PC	52.5 mm	32 nm	45 mm	256 KB			Socket R LGA-2011	6.4 GT/s		Yes	1.35 V DC			Xeon Quad-core E5-2603 1.8GHz Processor Upgrade
595726-B21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon	X5670	Processor Upgrade	1 Year		12 MB	5600	1		1.5 MB	81.3 °C	Hexa-core (6 Core)	95 W		Intel			2.93 GHz		42.5 mm	32 nm	45 mm			3.33 GHz	Socket FCLGA1366	6.4 GT/s	Pre-owned	Yes	1.35 V DC			Xeon X5670 Hexa-core 2.93GHz Server Processor Upgrade
484311-B21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon DP		Processor Upgrade		1333 MHz					6 MB		Dual-core (2 Core)	80 W	Virtualization Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology	Intel	RoHS	Yes	3.5 GHz	PC		45 nm		128 KB			Socket J			Yes				Xeon DP Dual-core X5270 3.5GHz - Processor Upgrade
585330-B21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Opteron	6128	Processor Upgrade			12 MB	6100			4 MB	70 °C	Octa-core (8 Core)	80 W	AMD64 Technology, CoolCore Technology, Virtualization Technology, HyperTransport Technology, AMD PowerNow! Technology	AMD	RoHS	Yes	2 GHz	PC		45 nm		1 MB	6400		Socket G34 LGA-1974				1.3 V DC			Opteron Octa-core 6128 2GHz Processor Upgrade
679110-B21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon	E5-4650L	Processor Upgrade			20 MB	E5-4600	2		2 MB		Octa-core (8 Core)	115 W	Turbo Boost Technology 2.0, vPro Technology, Virtualization Technology, Hyper-Threading Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology, Trusted Execution Technology, Demand Based Switching, Thermal Monitoring Technology	Intel			2.6 GHz	PC	52.5 mm	32 nm	45 mm	512 KB			Socket R LGA-2011	8 GT/s		Yes				Xeon Octa-core E5-4650L 2.6GHz Processor Upgrade
587493-B21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon	X5670	Processor Upgrade	1 Year		12 MB	5600	1		1.5 MB	81.3 °C	Hexa-core (6 Core)	95 W		Intel			2.93 GHz		42.5 mm	32 nm	45 mm			3.33 GHz	Socket FCLGA1366	6.4 GT/s	Pre-owned	Yes	1.35 V DC			Xeon X5670 Hexa-core 2.93GHz Server Processor Upgrade
637349-L21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon	E5649	Processor Upgrade			12 MB	5600			1.5 MB	76.2 °C	Hexa-core (6 Core)	80 W		Intel			2.53 GHz		42.5 mm	32 nm	45 mm			2.93 GHz	Socket B LGA-1366	5.86 GT/s		Yes	1.35 V DC			Xeon Hexa-core E5649 2.53GHz FIO Server Processor Upgrade
589721-L21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon	X5650	Processor Upgrade			12 MB	5600			1.5 MB	81.3 °C	Hexa-core (6 Core)	95 W		Intel			2.66 GHz		42.5 mm	32 nm	45 mm			3.06 GHz	Socket B LGA-1366	6.4 GT/s		Yes	1.35 V DC			Xeon Hexa-core X5650 2.66GHz FIO Server Processor Upgrade
637343-L21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon	X5687	Processor Upgrade			12 MB	5600			1 MB	80.4 °C	Quad-core (4 Core)	130 W		Intel			3.6 GHz		42.5 mm	32 nm	45 mm			3.86 GHz	Socket B LGA-1366	6.4 GT/s		Yes	1.35 V DC			Xeon Quad-core X5687 3.6GHz FIO Server Processor Upgrade
603603-B21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon	X5690	Processor Upgrade			12 MB	5600			1.5 MB	81.3 °C	Hexa-core (6 Core)	95 W		Intel			2.66 GHz		42.5 mm	32 nm	45 mm			3.06 GHz	Socket B LGA-1366	6.4 GT/s		Yes	1.35 V DC			Xeon Hexa-core X5650 2.66GHz Server Processor Upgrade
457929-B21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon DP	X5460	Processor		1333 MHz					12 MB	70 °C	Quad-core (4 Core)			Intel			3.16 GHz	PC		45 nm					Socket J LGA-771				1.225 V DC	1333 MHz		Xeon DP Quad-core X5460 3.16GHz Processor
679112-B21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon	E5-4617	Processor Upgrade			15 MB	E5-4600	2		1.5 MB		Hexa-core (6 Core)	130 W	vPro Technology, Virtualization Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology, Trusted Execution Technology, Thermal Monitoring Technology, Demand Based Switching, Turbo Boost Technology 2.0	Intel			2.9 GHz	PC	52.5 mm	32 nm	45 mm	384 KB			Socket R LGA-2011	7.2 GT/s		Yes				Xeon Hexa-core E5-4617 2.9GHz Processor Upgrade
585324-B21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Opteron	6172	Processor Upgrade			12 MB	6100			6 MB	69 °C	Dodeca-core (12 Core)	80 W	AMD64 Technology, CoolCore Technology, Virtualization Technology, HyperTransport Technology, AMD PowerNow! Technology	AMD	RoHS	Yes	2.1 GHz			45 nm		1.5 MB	6400		Socket G34 LGA-1974			Yes	1.1875 V DC			Opteron Dodeca-core 6172 2.1GHz Processor Upgrade
585322-B21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Opteron	6176 SE	Processor Upgrade			12 MB	6100			6 MB	64 °C	Dodeca-core (12 Core)	105 W	AMD64 Technology, CoolCore Technology, Virtualization Technology, HyperTransport Technology, AMD PowerNow! Technology	AMD	RoHS	Yes	2.3 GHz	PC		45 nm		1.5 MB	6400		Socket G34 LGA-1974			Yes	1.25 V DC			Opteron Dodeca-core 6176 SE 2.3GHz Processor Upgrade
589075-B21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon MP	E7530	Processor Upgrade			12 MB	7500			1.5 MB	64 °C	Hexa-core (6 Core)	105 W	Turbo Boost Technology, Hyper-Threading Technology, Virtualization Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology	Intel			1.86 GHz	PC		45 nm		384 KB			Socket LGA-1567	5.86 GT/s		Yes				Xeon MP Hexa-core E7530 1.86GHz Processor Upgarde
508231-L21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon	X5570	Processor Upgrade			8 MB				1 MB	75 °C	Quad-core (4 Core)	95 W		Intel	RoHS	Yes	2.93 GHz			45 nm					Socket B LGA-1366	6.4 GT/s		Yes	1.35 V DC			Xeon Quad-core X5570 2.93GHz - Processor Upgrade
490070-001	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon	X5550	Processor Upgrade			8 MB	5500			1 MB	75 °C	Quad-core (4 Core)	95 W		Intel			2.66 GHz		45 mm	45 nm	42.5 mm			3.06 GHz	Socket B LGA-1366	6.4 GT/s		Yes	1.350 V DC			Xeon Quad-core X5550 2.66GHz Server Processor Upgrade
610864-B21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon	E5506	Processor Upgrade	1 Year		4 MB	5500	1		1 MB	76 °C	Quad-core (4 Core)	80 W		Intel			2.13 GHz		42.5 mm	45 nm	45 mm				Socket FCLGA1366	4.8 GT/s	Pre-owned	Yes	1.35 V DC			Xeon Quad-core E5506 2.13GHz Server Processor Upgrade
500094-B21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon		Processor Upgrade	1 Year		8 MB		1				Quad-core (4 Core)	95 W		Intel			2.93 GHz										Pre-owned					Xeon 2.93 GHz 8 MB 4 Core 95W
507797-B21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon	E5530	Processor Upgrade	1 Year		8 MB	5500	1		1 MB	76 °C	Quad-core (4 Core)	80 W		Intel			2.4 GHz		42.5 mm	45 nm	45 mm			2.66 GHz	Socket FCLGA1366	5.86 GT/s	Pre-owned	Yes	1.35 V DC			Xeon Quad-core E5530 2.4GHz Server Processor Upgrade
637437-B21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon DP	X5675	Processor Upgrade			12 MB	5600			1.5 MB	81.3 °C	Hexa-core (6 Core)	95 W		Intel			3.06 GHz		45 mm	32 nm	42.5 mm				Socket B LGA-1366	6.4 GT/s		Yes				Xeon DP Hexa-core X5675 3.06GHz Processor Upgrade
A6S90AA	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon	E5-2643	Processor Upgrade			10 MB	E5-2600		5 GT/s	1 MB	73 °C	Quad-core (4 Core)	130 W		Intel			3.3 GHz		45 mm	32 nm	52.5 mm			3.5 GHz	Socket R LGA-2011	8 GT/s		Yes	1.35 V DC			Xeon Quad-core E5-2643 3.3GHz Server Processor Upgrade
513859-B21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon	L5506	Processor Upgrade	1 Year		4 MB	5500	1		1 MB	70 °C	Quad-core (4 Core)	60 W		Intel			2.13 GHz		42.5 mm	45 nm	45 mm				Socket FCLGA1366	4.8 GT/s	Pre-owned	Yes	1.35 V DC			Xeon Quad-core L5506 2.13GHz Server Processor Upgrade
507801-B21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon	E5504	Processor Upgrade	1 Year		4 MB	5500	1		1 MB	76 °C	Quad-core (4 Core)	80 W		Intel			2 GHz		42.5 mm	45 nm	45 mm				Socket FCLGA1366	4.8 GT/s	Pre-owned	Yes	1.35 V DC			Xeon Quad-core E5504 2GHz Server Processor Upgrade
587480-L21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon DP	E5640	Processor Upgrade			12 MB	5600			1 MB	77.6 °C	Quad-core (4 Core)	80 W	Turbo Boost Technology, Virtualization Technology, Hyper-Threading Technology, Trusted Execution Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology	Intel	RoHS	Yes	2.66 GHz	PC		32 nm		256 KB			Socket B LGA-1366	5.86 GT/s		Yes	1.3 V DC			Xeon DP Quad-core E5640 2.66GHz Processor Upgrade
621552-B21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon DP	X5667	Processor Upgrade			12 MB	5600			1 MB	82.9 °C	Quad-core (4 Core)	95 W	Turbo Boost Technology, Hyper-Threading Technology, Virtualization Technology, Trusted Execution Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology	Intel			3.06 GHz	PC		32 nm		256 KB			Socket B LGA-1366	6.4 GT/s		Yes				Xeon DP Quad-core X5667 3.06GHz Processor Upgrade
589698-L21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon	L5630	Processor Upgrade			12 MB	5600			1 MB	63.1 °C	Quad-core (4 Core)	40 W		Intel			2.13 GHz		42.5 mm	32 nm	45 mm			2.4 GHz	Socket B LGA-1366	5.86 GT/s		Yes	1.35 V DC			Xeon Quad-core L5630 2.13GHz FIO Server Processor Upgrade
589700-L21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon	L5640	Processor Upgrade			12 MB	5600			1.5 MB	69.4 °C	Hexa-core (6 Core)	60 W		Intel			2.26 GHz		42.5 mm	32 nm	45 mm			2.8 GHz	Socket B LGA-1366	5.86 GT/s		Yes	1.35 V DC			Xeon Hexa-core L5640 2.26GHz FIO Server Processor Upgrade
A6S86AA	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon	E5-2609	Processor Upgrade			10 MB	E5-2600			1 MB	70 °C	Quad-core (4 Core)	80 W		Intel			2.4 GHz		45 mm	32 nm	52.5 mm				Socket R LGA-2011	6.4 GT/s		Yes	1.35 V DC			Xeon Quad-core E5-2609 2.4GHz Server Processor Upgrade
376243-B21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon		Processor Upgrade		800 MHz			1		2 MB		Single-core (1 Core)		Extended Memory 64 Technology, Hyper-Threading Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology	Intel			3.4 GHz	PC												800 MHz		Xeon 3.4GHz Processor - Upgrade
588145-L21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon MP	X7550	Processor Upgrade			18 MB	7500			2 MB	69 °C	Octa-core (8 Core)	130 W	Turbo Boost Technology, Virtualization Technology, Hyper-Threading Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology	Intel	RoHS	Yes	2 GHz	PC		45 nm		384 KB			Socket LGA-1567	6.4 GT/s		Yes	1.35 V DC			Xeon MP Octa-core X7550 2GHz Processor Upgrade
637412-L21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon DP	E5645	Processor Upgrade			12 MB	5600			1.5 MB	76.2 °C	Hexa-core (6 Core)	80 W	Turbo Boost Technology, Hyper-Threading Technology, Virtualization Technology, Trusted Execution Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology	Intel	RoHS	Yes	2.4 GHz	PC	45 mm	32 nm	42.5 mm	384 KB			Socket B LGA-1366	5.86 GT/s		Yes	1.350 V DC			Xeon DP Hexa-core E5645 2.4GHz FIO Processor Upgrade
495938-B21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon DP	E5530	Processor Upgrade			8 MB				1 MB	76 °C	Quad-core (4 Core)	80 W	Virtualization Technology, Hyper-Threading Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology	Intel	RoHS	Yes	2.4 GHz	PC		45 nm		256 KB			Socket B LGA-1366	5.86 GT/s		Yes				Xeon DP Quad-core E5530 2.4GHz - Processor Upgrade
443753-B21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon	E5335	Processor Upgrade		1333 MHz			1		8 MB		Quad-core (4 Core)		Virtualization Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology	Intel				PC		65 nm		256 KB			Socket J					1333 MHz		Xeon Quad-Core E5335 2.0GHz - Processor Upgrade
654864-B21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Opteron	6272	Processor Upgrade			16 MB	6200	1		16 MB	69 °C	Hexadeca-core (16 Core)	115 W	Virtualization Technology, AMD64 Technology, HyperTransport Technology, Turbo CORE Technology	AMD	RoHS	Yes	2.1 GHz	PC		32 nm		768 KB			Socket G34 LGA-1944			Yes			6400	Opteron Hexadeca-core 6272 2.1GHz Processor Upgrade
591892-B21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon	X5680	Processor Upgrade			12 MB	5600			1.5 MB	78.5 °C	Hexa-core (6 Core)	130 W	Turbo Boost Technology, Virtualization Technology, Hyper-Threading Technology, Trusted Execution Technology, Extended Memory 64 Technology, Enhanced SpeedStep Technology	Intel	RoHS	Yes	3.33 GHz	PC		32 nm		384 KB			Socket B LGA-1366	6.4 GT/s		Yes	1.3 V DC			Xeon Hexa-core X5680 3.33GHz Processor Upgrade
A6S87AA	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon	E5-2620	Processor Upgrade			15 MB	E5-2600			1.5 MB	77.4 °C	Hexa-core (6 Core)	95 W		Intel			2 GHz		45 mm	32 nm	52.5 mm			2.5 GHz	Socket R LGA-2011	7.2 GT/s		Yes	1.35 V DC			Xeon Hexa-core E5-2620 2GHz Server Processor Upgrade
587495-B21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon	E5506	Processor Upgrade	1 Year		4 MB	5500	1		1 MB	76 °C	Quad-core (4 Core)	80 W		Intel			2.13 GHz		42.5 mm	45 nm	45 mm				Socket FCLGA1366	4.8 GT/s	Pre-owned	Yes	1.35 V DC			Xeon Quad-core E5506 2.13GHz Server Processor Upgrade
490459-B21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon	E5520	Processor Upgrade	1 Year		8 MB	5500	1		1 MB	72 °C	Quad-core (4 Core)	80 W		Intel			2.26 GHz		42.5 mm	45 nm	45 mm			2.53 GHz	Socket FCLGA1366	5.86 GT/s	Pre-owned	Yes	1.35 V DC			Xeon Quad-core E5520 2.26GHz Server Processor Upgrade
654776-B21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon	E5-2637	Processor Upgrade			5 MB	E5-2600		5 GT/s	512 KB	70 °C	Dual-core (2 Core)	80 W		Intel			3 GHz		45 mm	32 nm	52.5 mm			3.5 GHz	Socket R LGA-2011	8 GT/s		Yes	1.35 V DC			Xeon Dual-core E5-2637 3GHz Server Processor Upgrade
507799-B21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon	E5520	Processor Upgrade	1 Year		8 MB	5500	1		1 MB	72 °C	Quad-core (4 Core)	80 W		Intel			2.26 GHz		42.5 mm	45 nm	45 mm			2.53 GHz	Socket FCLGA1366	5.86 GT/s	Pre-owned	Yes	1.35 V DC			Xeon Quad-core E5520 2.26GHz Server Processor Upgrade
654774-B21	HP-IMSourcing DS	HP-IMSourcing DS	Xeon	E5-2643	Processor Upgrade			10 MB	E5-2600		5 GT/s	1 MB	73 °C	Quad-core (4 Core)	130 W		Intel			3.3 GHz		45 mm	32 nm	52.5 mm			3.5 GHz	Socket R LGA-2011	8 GT/s		Yes	1.35 V DC			Xeon Quad-core E5-2643 3.3GHz Server Processor Upgrade

Computer Processors

Computer Processors, often referred to simply as processors or CPUs (Central Processing Units), are silicon chips that serve as the brain of a computing device. These integrated circuits are responsible for executing instructions and performing calculations in computers, smartphones, tablets, and other electronic devices. Microprocessors come in various architectures and designs, each optimized for specific applications and performance requirements. They typically include features such as multiple cores, advanced instruction sets, and power-saving technologies to deliver optimal performance and efficiency.