THROUGH HOLE MOUNT Fiber Optics - Emitters 251

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Manufacturers
    • Analog Devices
    • Broadcom
    • Emcore
    • Fujitsu
    • Honeywell
    • Honeywell Sensing And Control
    • Ii-vi
    • Infineon Technologies
    • Lapis Semiconductor
    • Motorola
    • Renesas Electronics
    • Samsung
    • Thorlabs
    • Toshiba
    • Tt Electronics Plc
Fiber Optic Type
    • DFB LASER DIODE EMITTER
    • DFB LASER MODULE EMITTER
    • LASER DIODE EMITTER
    • LASER DIODE MODULE EMITTER
    • LED EMITTER
    • PULSED LASER DIODE EMITTER
    • PUMP LASER MODULE EMITTER
    • VCSEL EMITTER
Mounting Feature (1)
    • THROUGH HOLE MOUNT
    • PANEL MOUNT
    • PANEL MOUNT, THROUGH HOLE MOUNT
    • SURFACE MOUNT
Maximum Supply Voltage
    • 1.3 V
    • 1.4 V
    • 1.5 V
    • 1.6 V
    • 1.7 V
    • 1.8 V
    • 12 V
    • 2 V
    • 2.2 V
    • 2.3 V
    • 2.35 V
    • 2.5 V
    • 2.7 V
    • 3 V
    • 3.3 V
    • 3.46 V
    • 3.465 V
    • 3.47 V
    • 3.6 V
    • 3.63 V
    • 5 V
    • 5.2 V
    • 5.25 V
    • 5.5 V
Terminal Finish
    • MATTE TIN
    • Tin/Bismuth (Sn/Bi)
    • Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)
Maximum Operating Temperature
    • 100 Cel
    • 50 Cel
    • 55 Cel
    • 60 Cel
    • 65 Cel
    • 70 Cel
    • 75 Cel
    • 80 Cel
    • 85 Cel
    • 95 Cel
Minimum Operating Temperature
    • -10 Cel
    • -20 Cel
    • -30 Cel
    • -40 Cel
    • -5 Cel
    • -55 Cel
    • 0 Cel
    • 10 Cel
    • 20 Cel
Spectral Width
    • .1 nm
    • .3 nm
    • .85 nm
    • 1 nm
    • 1.2 nm
    • 1.3 nm
    • 1.5 nm
    • 10 nm
    • 130 nm
    • 2 nm
    • 2.5 nm
    • 20 nm
    • 25 nm
    • 3 nm
    • 3.5 nm
    • 35 nm
    • 4 nm
    • 4.5 nm
    • 5 nm
    • 55 nm
    • 6 nm
    • 6.5 nm
    • 7 nm
    • 7.5 nm
Fiber Type
    • 10/125, 62.5/120, 200/240
    • 10/125, SMF
    • 50/125, 62.5/125, 100/140, 200/230, PCS
    • 50/125, 62.5/125, MMF, SMF
    • 50/125, MMF
    • 62.5/120
    • 62.5/125, POF
    • 9.5/125, SMF
    • 9/125, SMF
    • MMF
    • PMF
    • POF
    • SMF
    • SMF-28
Transmission Type
    • ANALOG
    • DIGITAL
No. of Channels
    • 1
    • 2
    • 8
Connection Type
    • FC CONNECTOR
    • FC/PC CONNECTOR
    • FC/SPC CONNECTOR
    • FC/UPC CONNECTOR
    • LC CONNECTOR
    • SC CONNECTOR
    • SC-UPC CONNECTOR
    • SC/APC CONNECTOR
    • SC/PC CONNECTOR
    • SC/UPC CONNECTOR
    • SFP CONNECTOR
    • SMA CONNECTOR
    • ST CONNECTOR
Nominal Supply Voltage
    • 1 V
    • 1.1 V
    • 1.15 V
    • 1.2 V
    • 1.3 V
    • 1.5 V
    • 1.6 V
    • 1.8 V
    • 1.85 V
    • 1.9 V
    • 2 V
    • 2.05 V
    • 2.1 V
    • 2.4 V
    • 3.24 V
    • 5 V
Supply Current
    • .2 mA
    • .3 mA
    • .5 mA
    • .6 mA
    • .7 mA
    • .8 mA
    • .84 mA
    • 1 mA
    • 1.2 mA
    • 10 mA
    • 100 mA
    • 120 mA
    • 125 mA
    • 150 mA
    • 1560 mA
    • 1700 mA
    • 2 mA
    • 20 mA
    • 250 mA
    • 2650 mA
    • 28 mA
    • 30 mA
    • 300 mA
    • 3200 mA
    • 35 mA
    • 45 mA
    • 5 mA
    • 50 mA
    • 55 mA
    • 60 mA
    • 80 mA
Body Length/Diameter
    • .75 mm
    • 10.41 mm
    • 10.75 mm
    • 12.5 mm
    • 12.6 mm
    • 12.7 mm
    • 13 mm
    • 13.21 mm
    • 14.3 mm
    • 15.2 mm
    • 16.5 mm
    • 17.1 mm
    • 20.32 mm
    • 20.8 mm
    • 20.83 mm
    • 20.84 mm
    • 24.2 mm
    • 25.4 mm
    • 3.4 mm
    • 36.84 mm
    • 4.2 mm
    • 4.3 mm
    • 4.55 mm
    • 4.64 mm
    • 4.67 mm
    • 4.75 mm
    • 5 mm
    • 5.08 mm
    • 5.5 mm
    • 5.6 mm
    • 5.8 mm
    • 5.95 mm
    • 6.1 mm
    • 7 mm
    • 7.2 mm
    • 8 mm
    • 9 mm
    • 9.1 mm
Body Width
    • 10.41 inch
    • 10.6 inch
    • 12.5 inch
    • 12.6 inch
    • 12.7 inch
    • 15.2 inch
    • 21.8 inch
    • 21.84 inch
    • 5 inch
    • 5.4 inch
    • 7.37 inch
    • 7.87 inch
    • 8.128 inch
    • 9.2 inch
    • 9.6 inch
Rise Time
    • .026 ns
    • .03 ns
    • .035 ns
    • .04 ns
    • .05 ns
    • .09 ns
    • .1 ns
    • .12 ns
    • .125 ns
    • .14 ns
    • .15 ns
    • .2 ns
    • .3 ns
    • .5 ns
    • .7 ns
    • 1 ns
    • 10 ns
    • 100 ns
    • 120 ns
    • 2 ns
    • 200 ns
    • 3 ns
    • 3.4 ns
    • 40 ns
    • 500 ns
    • 6 ns
    • 70 ns
    • 8 ns
Package Style (Meter)
    • BUTTERFLY
    • CAN
    • DIP
    • TO-18
    • TO-220
    • TO-46
    • TO-56
Sub-Category
    • Fiber Optic Emitters
Body Height
    • .75 mm
    • 10.2 mm
    • 10.37 mm
    • 11.66 mm
    • 11.8 mm
    • 12 mm
    • 12.16 mm
    • 12.55 mm
    • 13 mm
    • 13.9 mm
    • 14.25 mm
    • 14.55 mm
    • 15 mm
    • 15.6 mm
    • 15.8 mm
    • 16.5 mm
    • 17.15 mm
    • 18.5 mm
    • 20.4 mm
    • 25 mm
    • 25.5 mm
    • 26.5 mm
    • 27.4 mm
    • 28.3 mm
    • 3 mm
    • 3.29 mm
    • 3.3 mm
    • 3.32 mm
    • 3.5 mm
    • 3.81 mm
    • 31.9 mm
    • 4.1 mm
    • 44 mm
    • 5 mm
    • 5.07 mm
    • 5.1 mm
    • 5.17 mm
    • 6.98 mm
    • 7.37 mm
    • 7.5 mm
    • 7.8 mm
    • 7.95 mm
    • 8.2 mm
    • 8.97 mm
    • 9 mm
    • 9.3 mm
    • 9.6 mm
Nominal Operating Wavelength
    • 1270 nm
    • 1290 nm
    • 1300 nm
    • 1303 nm
    • 1305 nm
    • 1308 nm
    • 1310 nm
    • 1312 nm
    • 1314 nm
    • 1330 nm
    • 1350 nm
    • 1470 nm
    • 1480 nm
    • 1490 nm
    • 1510 nm
    • 1528 nm
    • 1529 nm
    • 1530 nm
    • 1531 nm
    • 1532 nm
    • 1533 nm
    • 1534 nm
    • 1535 nm
    • 1536 nm
    • 1537 nm
    • 1538 nm
    • 1539 nm
    • 1540 nm
    • 1541 nm
    • 1542 nm
    • 1543 nm
    • 1544 nm
    • 1545 nm
    • 1546 nm
    • 1547 nm
    • 1548 nm
    • 1549 nm
    • 1550 nm
    • 1551 nm
    • 1552 nm
    • 1553 nm
    • 1554 nm
    • 1555 nm
    • 1556 nm
    • 1557 nm
    • 1558 nm
    • 1559 nm
    • 1560 nm
    • 1561 nm
    • 1562 nm
    • 1563 nm
    • 1564 nm
    • 1565 nm
    • 1566 nm
    • 1567 nm
    • 1568 nm
    • 1569 nm
    • 1570 nm
    • 1571 nm
    • 1572 nm
    • 1573 nm
    • 1574 nm
    • 1575 nm
    • 1576 nm
    • 1577 nm
    • 1578 nm
    • 1579 nm
    • 1580 nm
    • 1581 nm
    • 1582 nm
    • 1583 nm
    • 1584 nm
    • 1585 nm
    • 1586 nm
    • 1587 nm
    • 1588 nm
    • 1589 nm
    • 1590 nm
    • 1591 nm
    • 1592 nm
    • 1593 nm
    • 1594 nm
    • 1595 nm
    • 1596 nm
    • 1597 nm
    • 1598 nm
    • 1599 nm
    • 1600 nm
    • 1601 nm
    • 1602 nm
    • 1603 nm
    • 1604 nm
    • 1605 nm
    • 1606 nm
    • 1607 nm
    • 1608 nm
    • 1609 nm
    • 1610 nm
    • 1611 nm
    • 1612 nm
    • 1625 nm
    • 1650 nm
    • 600 nm
    • 650 nm
    • 655 nm
    • 660 nm
    • 665 nm
    • 685 nm
    • 690 nm
    • 770 nm
    • 780 nm
    • 808 nm
    • 830 nm
    • 850 nm
    • 870 nm
    • 880 nm
    • 940 nm
    • 941 nm
    • 950 nm
Minimum Supply Voltage
    • .5 V
    • .9 V
    • 1 V
    • 1.6 V
    • 2.85 V
    • 4.75 V
Minimum Operating Wavelength
    • 1260 nm
    • 1261 nm
    • 1263 nm
    • 1265 nm
    • 1266 nm
    • 1270 nm
    • 1272 nm
    • 1274 nm
    • 1276 nm
    • 1280 nm
    • 1285 nm
    • 1290 nm
    • 1297 nm
    • 1300 nm
    • 1305 nm
    • 1320 nm
    • 1325 nm
    • 1340 nm
    • 1460 nm
    • 1465 nm
    • 1468 nm
    • 1470 nm
    • 1480 nm
    • 1488 nm
    • 1500 nm
    • 1505 nm
    • 1508 nm
    • 1510 nm
    • 1520 nm
    • 1525 nm
    • 1528 nm
    • 1530 nm
    • 1548 nm
    • 1550 nm
    • 1564 nm
    • 1568 nm
    • 1588 nm
    • 1608 nm
    • 1610 nm
    • 1615 nm
    • 1620 nm
    • 1640 nm
    • 1645 nm
    • 670 nm
    • 760 nm
    • 800 nm
    • 805 nm
    • 830 nm
    • 835 nm
    • 840 nm
    • 931 nm
    • 935 nm
Communication Standard
    • ATM, GBE, TELCORDIA GR-468-CORE
    • GBE
    • GBE, ITU-T, SDH, STM-1, STM-4
    • GBE, ITU-T, SDH, STM-1, STM-4, TELCORDIA
    • GBE, ITU-T, STM-1, STM-4
    • GBE, SDH, STM-1, STM-4, TELCORDIA
    • GBE, TELCORDIA-GR-468-CORE
    • GR-468, ITU-T, OC-48, SDH, SONET, STM-16
    • ITU-T
    • ITU-T, OC-12, SDH, SONET, STM-4
    • ITU-T, OC-3, CO-12, SDH
    • ITU-T, OC-48, SDH, SONET, STM-16
    • ITU-T, SDH, SONET
    • ITU-T, SDH, STM-1, STM-4
    • ITU-T, SDH, STM-1, STM-4, TELCORDIA
    • ITU-T, SDH, STM-1, TELCORDIA
    • ITU-T, SDH, STM-16
    • ITU-T, SDH, STM-4, TELCORDIA
    • ITU-T, STM-1, STM-4
    • ITU-T, STM-16
    • ITU-U, SDH, STM-1, STM-4
    • OC-192, SONET
    • OC-48, SDH, SONET, STM-16
    • OC-48, SONET, STM-16
    • OC-48, TELCORDIA-468
    • SDH, SONET
    • SDH, STM-16
    • STM-1, STM-4
    • STM-16
    • STM-4
    • TELCORDIA
    • TELCORDIA, ITU-T
    • TELCORDIA, ITU-T, SDH, STM-1, STM-4
    • TELCORDIA, ITU-T, SDH, STM-16
    • TELCORDIA, ITU-T, SDH, STM-4
Maximum Operating Wavelength
    • 1278 nm
    • 1280 nm
    • 1298 nm
    • 1300 nm
    • 1318 nm
    • 1319 nm
    • 1320 nm
    • 1330 nm
    • 1335 nm
    • 1338 nm
    • 1340 nm
    • 1345 nm
    • 1352 nm
    • 1355 nm
    • 1356 nm
    • 1360 nm
    • 1472 nm
    • 1490 nm
    • 1492 nm
    • 1510 nm
    • 1512 nm
    • 1515 nm
    • 1532 nm
    • 1552 nm
    • 1560 nm
    • 1562 nm
    • 1563 nm
    • 1570 nm
    • 1572 nm
    • 1575 nm
    • 1580 nm
    • 1590 nm
    • 1592 nm
    • 1600 nm
    • 1610 nm
    • 1612 nm
    • 1630 nm
    • 1635 nm
    • 1640 nm
    • 1655 nm
    • 1660 nm
    • 695 nm
    • 800 nm
    • 811 nm
    • 860 nm
    • 870 nm
    • 900 nm
    • 945 nm
    • 951 nm
Data Rate
    • 100 Mbps
    • 1000 Mbps
    • 10000 Mbps
    • 10320 Mbps
    • 10500 Mbps
    • 1250 Mbps
    • 156 Mbps
    • 200 Mbps
    • 2500 Mbps
    • 4000 Mbps
    • 5 Mbps
    • 50 Mbps
    • 565 Mbps
    • 622 Mbps
    • 800 Mbps
Maximum Fall Time
    • .026 ns
    • .04 ns
    • .045 ns
    • .05 ns
    • .09 ns
    • .1 ns
    • .12 ns
    • .125 ns
    • .14 ns
    • .15 ns
    • .2 ns
    • .27 ns
    • .3 ns
    • .4 ns
    • .5 ns
    • .7 ns
    • 1 ns
    • 1.4 ns
    • 10 ns
    • 100 ns
    • 120 ns
    • 150 ns
    • 2 ns
    • 3 ns
    • 3.4 ns
    • 40 ns
    • 500 ns
    • 6 ns
    • 8 ns
Minimum Return Loss
    • 12 dB
    • 3 dB
    • 35 dB
Minimum Threshold Current
    • 1.5 mA
    • 10 mA
    • 15 mA
    • 2 mA
    • 20 mA
    • 25 mA
    • 28 mA
    • 3 mA
    • 30 mA
    • 35 mA
    • 40 mA
    • 45 mA
    • 450 mA
    • 5 mA
    • 50 mA
    • 55 mA
    • 6 mA
    • 60 mA
    • 7 mA
    • 8 mA
    • 800 mA
    • 9 mA
Additional Features
    • IT ALSO HAS BUILTIN FUNCTION-THERMISTER
    • IT ALSO HAS COMMUNICATION STANDARD-TELCORDIA
    • IT ALSO HAS COMMUNICATION STD-OC-3, STM-1, TELCORDIA-GR-468-CORE
    • IT ALSO HAS COMMUNICATION STD-SONET, STM-1, STM-4, TELCORDIA-GR-468-CORE
    • IT ALSO HAVE LASER DIODE BUILTIN FUNCTION
    • IT ALSO HAVE RETURN LOSS OF 6 DB
    • IT ALSO HAVE THRESHOLD CURRENT OF 20 MA
    • IT ALSO HAVE THRESHOLD CURRENT OF 70 MA, IT ALSO HAVE SPECTRAL WIDTH OF 10 NM
    • IT ALSO OPERATES AT 1270 NM TO 1330 NM WAVELENGTH, IT ALSO HAVE A THRESHOLD CURRENT OF 20 MA, IT ALSO HAVE A SPECTRAL WIDTH OF 6 NM
    • IT ALSO OPERATES AT 1280 NM TO 1342.5 NM WAVELENGTH
    • IT ALSO OPERATES AT 1280 TO 1342.5 NM WAVELENGTH
    • IT ALSO OPERATES AT 1280 TO 1342.5 NM WAVELENGTH, IT ALSO HAVE A THRESHOLD CURRENT OF 50 MA, IT ALSO HAVE A SPECTRAL WIDTH OF 10 NM
    • IT ALSO OPERATES AT 1290 TO 1330 NM WAVELENGTH, IT ALSO HAVE A SPECTRAL WIDTH OF 1.3 NM, IT ALSO HAVE THRESHOLD CURRENT OF 10 MA
    • IT ALSO OPERATES AT 1520 NM TO 1585 NM WAVELENGTH
    • IT ALSO OPERATES AT 1520 TO 1585 NM WAVELENGTH, IT ALSO HAVE A THRESHOLD CURRENT OF 100 MA, IT ALSO HAVE A SPECTRAL WIDTH OF 10 NM
    • IT ALSO OPERATES AT 40 MA, IT ALSO HAVE A THRESHOLD CURRENT OF 13 MA, IT ALSO HAVE LASER DIODE BUILTIN FUNCTION
    • IT ALSO OPERATES AT SPECTRAL WIDTH OF 1.3 NM
    • ITS ALSO OPERATES IN 1520 TO 1585 NM WAVELENGHT, SPECTRAL WIDTH 10 NM
    • ITS ALSO USE BUILTIN FUNCTION LASER DIODE
    • ITS ALSO USE BUILTIN FUNCTION THERMISTOR
    • OTHER VALUE FOR THRESHOLD CURRENT: 8MA
JESD-609 Code
    • e0
    • e3
    • e6
Built-in Features
    • AMPLIFIER
    • AMPLIFIER, ISOLATOR, TEC
    • ISOLATOR
    • ISOLATOR, LASER DIODE, TEC, THERMISTOR
    • ISOLATOR, MONITOR PD, TEC, THERMISTOR
    • ISOLATOR, MONITOR PHOTODIODE
    • ISOLATOR, TEC
    • ISOLATOR, TEC, THERMISTOR
    • ISOLATOR, TEC, THERMISTOR, MONITOR PD
    • LASER DIODE
    • LASER DIODE, MONITOR PHOTODIODE
    • LASER DIODE, TEC
    • LASER DIODE, TEC, THERMISTOR
    • MONITOR PHOTODIODE
    • MONITOR PIN PHOTODIODE
    • PIN PHOTODIODE
    • PIN PHOTODIODE, ISOLATOR, THERMISTOR
    • TEC, LASER DIODE, MONITOR PHOTODIODE
    • TEC, THERMISTER, LASER DIODE, MONITOR PD
    • TEC, THERMISTOR
    • TEC, THERMISTOR, MONITOR PHOTODIODE
    • THERMISTOR
Reset All
Part RoHS Manufacturer Fiber Optic Type Mounting Feature Maximum Supply Voltage Terminal Finish Maximum Operating Temperature Minimum Operating Temperature Spectral Width Fiber Type Transmission Type No. of Channels Connection Type Nominal Supply Voltage Supply Current Body Length/Diameter Body Width Rise Time Package Style (Meter) Sub-Category Body Height Nominal Operating Wavelength Minimum Supply Voltage Minimum Operating Wavelength Communication Standard Maximum Operating Wavelength Data Rate Maximum Fall Time Minimum Return Loss Minimum Threshold Current Additional Features JESD-609 Code Built-in Features

NDL7408PKD

Renesas Electronics

LASER DIODE MODULE EMITTER

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

1.3 V

85 Cel

-40 Cel

1.5 nm

9/125, SMF

DIGITAL

SC/PC CONNECTOR

1.1 V

.2 ns

1310 nm

1260 nm

1360 nm

.3 ns

25 mA

IT ALSO OPERATES AT 1290 TO 1330 NM WAVELENGTH, IT ALSO HAVE A SPECTRAL WIDTH OF 1.3 NM, IT ALSO HAVE THRESHOLD CURRENT OF 10 MA

LASER DIODE, MONITOR PHOTODIODE

NDL7553PC

Renesas Electronics

PUMP LASER MODULE EMITTER

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

7.5 nm

9/125, SMF

DIGITAL

FC/PC CONNECTOR

2 ns

1550 nm

1530 nm

1570 nm

2 ns

45 mA

IT ALSO OPERATES AT 1520 TO 1585 NM WAVELENGTH, IT ALSO HAVE A THRESHOLD CURRENT OF 100 MA, IT ALSO HAVE A SPECTRAL WIDTH OF 10 NM

LASER DIODE

NX6350GP33

Renesas Electronics

DFB LASER DIODE EMITTER

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

DIGITAL

2 V

5.6 mm

.05 ns

CAN

1330 nm

1325 nm

1338 nm

.05 ns

8 mA

NX5504EK-A

Renesas Electronics

LASER DIODE EMITTER

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

1.5 V

Tin/Bismuth (Sn/Bi)

85 Cel

-40 Cel

1.5 nm

SMF

1

1.1 V

.2 mA

4.2 mm

.7 ns

5.07 mm

1530 nm

1480 nm

1580 nm

.7 ns

20 mA

e6

NX5306EH

Renesas Electronics

LASER DIODE EMITTER

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

1.5 V

85 Cel

-40 Cel

1 nm

SMF

DIGITAL

1.1 V

5.6 mm

.15 ns

CAN

1312 nm

1263 nm

GBE, ITU-T, SDH, STM-1, STM-4, TELCORDIA

1360 nm

.15 ns

10 mA

NX5322EH

Renesas Electronics

LASER DIODE EMITTER

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

1.5 V

85 Cel

-40 Cel

1 nm

DIGITAL

1.1 V

5.6 mm

.15 ns

CAN

1310 nm

1290 nm

ITU-T, STM-1, STM-4

1330 nm

.15 ns

7 mA

NDL7565PC

Renesas Electronics

PULSED LASER DIODE EMITTER

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

10 nm

9/125, SMF

DIGITAL

FC/PC CONNECTOR

7 mm

1 ns

25 mm

1550 nm

1530 nm

1570 nm

1 ns

20 mA

IT ALSO OPERATES AT 1520 NM TO 1585 NM WAVELENGTH

AFBR-1153L

Broadcom

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

3.465 V

95 Cel

-40 Cel

Fiber Optic Emitters

650 nm

HFBR-160XZ

Broadcom

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

2.2 V

85 Cel

-40 Cel

Fiber Optic Emitters

655 nm

TR113LB-0D30S

Samsung

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

3.47 V

70 Cel

0 Cel

Fiber Optic Emitters

1310 nm

TR113LB-0D40S

Samsung

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

3.47 V

70 Cel

0 Cel

Fiber Optic Emitters

1310 nm

Fiber Optics - Emitters

Fiber optic emitters are electronic devices that are used in fiber optic communication systems to convert electrical signals into optical signals. They are a critical component of fiber optic networks, enabling high-speed data transmission and processing over long distances.

Fiber optic emitters use different technologies to generate the optical signal, including light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and laser diodes. LEDs are the most common type of fiber optic emitter and are used in a wide range of applications, while laser diodes are used in applications that require high-speed and high-power optical signals.

Fiber optic emitters typically consist of a semiconductor material that generates photons when an electrical current is passed through it. The photons are emitted as light, which is then transmitted through the fiber optic cable to carry information over long distances.

Fiber optic emitters come in different configurations and designs, depending on the application and the required performance. They can be integrated into a fiber optic network or mounted in a separate enclosure, depending on the application and the space available.