Part | RoHS | Manufacturer | Filter Type | Construction | Maximum DC Resistance | Maximum Frequency | Material | Rated Current | Minimum Insulation Resistance | Approvals (V) | Power Supply (V) | No. of Functions | Technology | Screening Level | Output Impedance (ohm) | High Pot | Packing Method | Mounting Type | Rated Voltage | No. of Terminals | Sub-Category | Dimensions | Case Code | Maximum Operating Temperature | Attenuation At Maximum Frequency | Minimum Attenuation Frequency | Package Material | Minimum Operating Temperature | Attenuation At Minimum Frequency | Terminal Finish | Inductance | Maximum Attenuation Frequency | Manufacturer Series | Height | Width (mm) | Diameter (mm) | Maximum Insertion Loss | Additional Features | JESD-609 Code | Minimum Frequency | Operating Frequency (Hz) | Series | Length | Capacitance |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Fair-rite Products |
FERRITE CHIP |
.3 ohm |
Ferrite |
.35 A |
1 |
1000 OHM |
BULK |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Filters |
L3.2XB1.6XH1.1 (mm)/L.126XB.063XH.0433 (inch) |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
1.1 mm |
1.6 |
3.2 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Fair-rite Products |
FERRITE CHIP |
.3 ohm |
Ferrite |
1 A |
1 |
1000 OHM |
BULK |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Filters |
L3.2XB1.6XH1.1 (mm)/L.126XB.063XH.0433 (inch) |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
1.1 mm |
1.6 |
3.2 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Wurth Elektronik |
FERRITE CHIP |
Multi-Layer |
.3 ohm |
220 MHz |
Ferrite |
.3 A |
1 |
300 OHM |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Filters |
L2.0XB1.2XH0.9 (mm)/L0.079XB0.047XH0.035 (inch) |
0805 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier |
.9 mm |
1.2 |
e3 |
100 MHz |
2 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Vishay Intertechnology |
FERRITE CHIP |
Chip |
.3 ohm |
100 MHz |
Ferrite |
.2 A |
1 |
600 OHM |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Passive Filters |
L3.2XB1.6XH1.1 (mm)/L0.126XB0.063XH0.043 (inch) |
1206 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier |
1.1 mm |
1.6 |
e3 |
100 MHz |
3.2 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Fair-rite Products |
FERRITE CHIP |
Chip Bead |
.3 ohm |
1000 MHz |
Ferrite |
1 A |
1 |
1000 OHM |
TR, 7 INCH |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Filters |
L2.0XB1.25XH0.9 (mm)/L0.079XB0.049XH0.035 (inch) |
0805 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier |
.9 mm |
1.25 |
e3 |
100 MHz |
2 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Murata Manufacturing |
DATA LINE FILTER |
.3 ohm |
.37 A |
10 Mohm |
2 |
90 OHM |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
50 V |
4 |
L3.2XB1.6XH1.9 (mm)/L0.126XB0.063XH0.075 (inch) |
85 Cel |
-40 Cel |
TIN NICKEL |
1.9 mm |
1.6 |
MAGNETICALLY SHIELDED ONE CIRCUIT TYPE |
e2 |
3.2 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Wurth Elektronik |
DATA LINE FILTER |
.3 ohm |
.3 A |
UL |
2 |
2000 OHM |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
80 V |
4 |
L6.5XB3.6XH1.65 (mm)/L0.256XB0.142XH0.065 (inch) |
105 Cel |
-40 Cel |
Tin/Silver/Copper (Sn/Ag/Cu) |
330 uH |
1.65 mm |
3.6 |
e1 |
6.5 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Murata Manufacturing |
FERRITE CHIP |
Chip Bead |
.3 ohm |
100 MHz |
Ferrite |
.3 A |
1 |
120 OHM |
TR, PAPER, 7 INCH |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Filters |
L1.0XB0.5XH0.5 (mm)/L0.039XB0.02XH0.02 (inch) |
0402 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
TIN |
.5 mm |
0.5 |
e3 |
100 MHz |
1 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
TDK |
FERRITE CHIP |
Chip Bead |
.3 ohm |
.5 A |
1 |
AEC-Q200 |
1000 OHM |
TR, 7 INCH |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
L2.0XB1.25XH0.85 (mm)/L0.079XB0.049XH0.033 (inch) |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
.85 mm |
1.25 |
AEC-Q200 |
2 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Murata Manufacturing |
FEED THROUGH CAPACITOR |
.3 ohm |
.5 A |
1000 Mohm |
1 |
TR, PAPER, 7 INCH |
SURFACE MOUNT |
16 V |
3 |
L1.6XB0.8XH0.6 (mm)/L0.063XB0.031XH0.024 (inch) |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
.6 mm |
0.8 |
C-TYPE CIRCUIT |
e3 |
1.6 mm |
470 uF |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
TDK |
FERRITE CHIP |
Chip Bead |
.3 ohm |
.5 A |
1 |
600 OHM |
TR, 7 INCH |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
L1.6XB0.8XH0.6 (mm)/L0.063XB0.031XH0.024 (inch) |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
.6 mm |
0.8 |
1.6 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Murata Manufacturing |
FERRITE CHIP |
Chip Bead |
.3 ohm |
1000 MHz |
Ferrite |
.5 A |
1 |
520 OHM |
TAPE |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Filters |
L1.6XB0.8XH0.5 (mm)/L0.063XB0.031XH0.02 (inch) |
0603 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
TIN |
.5 mm |
0.8 |
MONOLITHIC TYPE |
e3 |
100 MHz |
1.6 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
Chilisin Electronics |
DATA LINE FILTER |
.3 ohm |
.4 A |
10 Mohm |
1 |
120 OHM |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
120 V |
4 |
L2.05XB1.25XH1.2 (mm)/L0.081XB0.049XH0.047 (inch) |
105 Cel |
-40 Cel |
1.2 mm |
1.25 |
2.05 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Taiyo Yuden |
FERRITE CHIP |
.3 ohm |
.4 A |
1 |
120 OHM |
TAPE |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
L2.0XB1.25XH0.85 (mm)/L0.079XB0.049XH0.033 (inch) |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
.85 mm |
1.25 |
2 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Murata Manufacturing |
FERRITE CHIP |
Chip Bead |
.3 ohm |
100 MHz |
Ferrite |
.2 A |
1 |
600 OHM |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Filters |
L2XB1.25XH0.85 (mm) |
0805 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
TIN |
.85 mm |
1.25 |
MONOLITHIC TYPE |
e3 |
100 MHz |
2 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FERRITE CHIP |
Chip Bead |
.3 ohm |
Ferrite |
.5 A |
1 |
300 OHM |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Filters |
L2.0XB1.2XH0.9 (mm)/L0.079XB0.047XH0.035 (inch) |
0804 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier |
.9 mm |
1.2 |
TAPE AND REEL |
e3 |
2 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Wurth Elektronik |
FERRITE CHIP |
Multi-Layer |
.3 ohm |
1000 MHz |
Ferrite |
1 A |
1 |
30 OHM |
TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Filters |
L1.6XB0.8XH0.8 (mm)/L0.063XB0.031XH0.031 (inch) |
0603 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier |
.8 mm |
0.8 |
e3 |
100 MHz |
1.6 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Murata Manufacturing |
FERRITE CHIP |
Chip Bead |
.3 ohm |
100 MHz |
Ferrite |
.5 A |
1 |
75 OHM |
TAPE |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Passive Filters |
L1.6XB0.8XH0.8 (mm)/L0.063XB0.031XH0.031 (inch) |
0603 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
Tin (Sn) |
.8 mm |
0.8 |
MONOLITHIC TYPE |
e3 |
100 MHz |
1.6 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
Wurth Elektronik |
DATA LINE FILTER |
.3 ohm |
1 A |
UL; IEC |
2 |
THROUGH HOLE MOUNT |
250 V |
D18.0XH13.0 (mm)/D0.709XH0.512 (inch) |
125 Cel |
-25 Cel |
TIN COPPER |
6800 uH |
13 mm |
18 |
e2 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Yageo |
FERRITE CHIP |
Chip Bead |
.3 ohm |
100 MHz |
Ferrite |
.4 A |
1 |
1000 OHM |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Filters |
L2.0XB1.25XH0.9 (mm)/L0.079XB0.049XH0.035 (inch) |
0805 |
Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier |
.9 mm |
1.25 |
e3 |
100 MHz |
2 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Vishay Intertechnology |
FERRITE CHIP |
Chip |
.3 ohm |
100 MHz |
Ferrite |
.3 A |
1 |
300 OHM |
BULK; TR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Passive Filters |
L3.2XB1.6XH1.1 (mm)/L0.126XB0.063XH0.043 (inch) |
1206 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier |
1.1 mm |
1.6 |
e3 |
100 MHz |
3.2 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
TDK |
DATA LINE FILTER |
.3 ohm |
.5 A |
100 Mohm |
2 |
2000 OHM |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
80 V |
4 |
L7.1XB6.0XH5.0 (mm)/L0.28XB0.236XH0.197 (inch) |
125 Cel |
-40 Cel |
5 mm |
6.0 |
AEC-Q200; IMPEDANCE AT 10 MHZ |
7.1 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Wurth Elektronik |
DATA LINE FILTER |
.3 ohm |
.37 A |
2 |
120 OHM |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
50 V |
4 |
L2.0XB1.2XH1.2 (mm)/L0.079XB0.047XH0.047 (inch) |
125 Cel |
-40 Cel |
Tin (Sn) |
1.2 mm |
1.2 |
e3 |
2 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Wurth Elektronik |
FERRITE BEAD |
.3 ohm |
1 A |
1 |
AEC-Q200 |
1000 OHM |
EMBOSSED; TR, 7 INCH |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
1.1 mm |
1.6 |
3.2 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
TE Connectivity |
FERRITE BEAD |
.3 ohm |
.35 A |
1 |
1000 OHM |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
L2.0XB1.2XH0.9 (mm)/L0.079XB0.047XH0.035 (inch) |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
.9 mm |
1.2 |
2 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Wurth Elektronik |
DATA LINE FILTER |
.3 ohm |
.75 A |
UL |
2 |
7500 OHM |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
80 V |
4 |
L10.0XB8.7XH6.5 (mm)/L0.394XB0.343XH0.256 (inch) |
125 Cel |
-40 Cel |
TIN SILVER COPPER |
2200 uH |
6.5 mm |
8.7 |
e1 |
10 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Wurth Elektronik |
DATA LINE FILTER |
.3 ohm |
.28 A |
2 |
90 OHM |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
50 V |
4 |
L2.0XB1.2XH1.2 (mm)/L0.079XB0.047XH0.047 (inch) |
125 Cel |
-40 Cel |
Tin (Sn) |
1.2 mm |
1.2 |
e3 |
2 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Nic Components |
DATA LINE FILTER |
.3 ohm |
.4 A |
10 Mohm |
2 |
90 OHM |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
50 V |
L2.0XB1.2XH1.2 (mm)/L0.079XB0.047XH0.047 (inch) |
125 Cel |
-40 Cel |
Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier |
1.2 mm |
1.2 |
e3 |
2 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
DATA LINE FILTER |
.3 ohm |
.5 A |
UL |
2 |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
80 V |
L7.3XB5.4XH4.7 (mm)/L0.287XB0.213XH0.185 (inch) |
135 Cel |
-40 Cel |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
51 uH |
4.7 mm |
5.4 |
TAPE AND REEL |
e3 |
7.3 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
TDK |
FERRITE CHIP |
Chip Bead |
.3 ohm |
Ferrite |
.4 A |
1 |
120 OHM |
TR, 7 INCH |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Filters |
L1.6XB0.8XH0.8 (mm)/L0.063XB0.031XH0.031 (inch) |
0603 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
.8 mm |
0.8 |
1.6 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
TDK |
FERRITE CHIP |
Chip Bead |
.3 ohm |
Ferrite |
.5 A |
1 |
600 OHM |
TR, 7 INCH |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Filters |
L2.0XB1.25XH0.85 (mm)/L0.079XB0.049XH0.033 (inch) |
0805 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
TIN NICKEL COPPER |
.85 mm |
1.25 |
e2 |
2 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
TE Connectivity |
FERRITE CHIP |
.3 ohm |
.3 A |
1 |
56 OHM |
TR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
.9 mm |
1.2 |
2 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
TE Connectivity |
FERRITE CHIP |
.3 ohm |
.3 A |
1 |
120 OHM |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
L2.0XB1.2XH0.9 (mm)/L0.079XB0.047XH0.035 (inch) |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
.9 mm |
1.2 |
2 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Wurth Elektronik |
FERRITE CHIP |
Multi-Layer |
.3 ohm |
100 MHz |
Ferrite |
.2 A |
1 |
600 OHM |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
Other Filters |
L3.2XB1.6XH1.1 (mm)/L0.126XB0.063XH0.043 (inch) |
1206 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier |
1.1 mm |
1.6 |
e3 |
100 MHz |
3.2 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Murata Manufacturing |
FERRITE CHIP |
Chip Bead |
.3 ohm |
100 MHz |
Ferrite |
.2 A |
1 |
420 OHM |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Filters |
L2.0XB1.25XH0.85 (mm)/L0.079XB0.049XH0.033 (inch) |
0805 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
TIN |
.85 mm |
1.25 |
MONOLITHIC TYPE |
e3 |
100 MHz |
2 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
Wurth Elektronik |
FERRITE CHIP |
Multi-Layer |
.3 ohm |
100 MHz |
Ferrite |
.2 A |
1 |
600 OHM |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
Other Filters |
L3.2XB1.6XH1.1 (mm)/L0.126XB0.063XH0.043 (inch) |
1206 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier |
1.1 mm |
1.6 |
e3 |
90 MHz |
3.2 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Murata Manufacturing |
DATA LINE FILTER |
.3 ohm |
.37 A |
10 Mohm |
2 |
90 OHM |
SURFACE MOUNT |
50 V |
L3.2XB1.6XH1.9 (mm)/L0.126XB0.063XH0.075 (inch) |
85 Cel |
-40 Cel |
TIN |
1.9 mm |
1.6 |
COMMON MODE CHOKE |
e3 |
3.2 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Wurth Elektronik |
FERRITE CHIP |
.3 ohm |
1 A |
IEC |
1 |
AEC-Q200 |
1500 OHM |
TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
.9 mm |
1.2 |
2 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Murata Manufacturing |
FERRITE CHIP |
Chip Bead |
.3 ohm |
100 MHz |
Ferrite |
.2 A |
1 |
220 OHM |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Filters |
L1.6XB0.8XH0.8 (mm)/L0.063XB0.031XH0.031 (inch) |
0603 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
Tin (Sn) |
.8 mm |
0.8 |
MONOLITHIC TYPE |
e3 |
100 MHz |
1.6 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
Fair-rite Products |
FERRITE CHIP |
Chip Bead |
.3 ohm |
1000 MHz |
Ferrite |
1 A |
1 |
2000 OHM |
TR, 7 INCH |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Filters |
L2.0XB1.25XH0.9 (mm)/L0.079XB0.049XH0.035 (inch) |
0805 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
.9 mm |
1.25 |
100 MHz |
2 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
TDK |
DATA LINE FILTER |
.3 ohm |
.3 A |
10 Mohm |
2 |
380 OHM |
TR, 7 INCH |
SURFACE MOUNT |
20 V |
4 |
85 Cel |
-40 Cel |
1.2 mm |
1.2 |
2 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Laird Technologies |
FERRITE CHIP |
Chip Bead |
.3 ohm |
1000 MHz |
Ferrite |
.5 A |
1 |
30 OHM |
TR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
Other Filters |
L1.01XB.5XH.5 (mm)/L.0398XB.0197XH.0197 (inch) |
0402 |
125 Cel |
-40 Cel |
Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier |
.5 mm |
.5 |
e3 |
25 MHz |
1.01 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Wurth Elektronik |
FERRITE CHIP |
.3 ohm |
.8 A |
IEC |
1 |
AEC-Q200 |
1100 OHM |
TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
.9 mm |
1.2 |
2 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
TDK |
FERRITE CHIP |
.3 ohm |
.8 A |
1 |
1000 OHM |
TR, 7 INCH |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
L1.6XB0.8XH0.8 (mm)/L0.063XB0.031XH0.031 (inch) |
150 Cel |
-55 Cel |
.8 mm |
0.8 |
AEC-Q200 |
1.6 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Wurth Elektronik |
FERRITE CHIP |
Multi-Layer |
.3 ohm |
500 MHz |
Ferrite |
1.7 A |
1 |
68 OHM |
TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
Other Filters |
L1.6XB0.8XH0.8 (mm)/L0.063XB0.031XH0.031 (inch) |
0603 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier |
.8 mm |
0.8 |
e3 |
100 MHz |
1.6 mm |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Wurth Elektronik |
FERRITE CHIP |
.3 ohm |
1 A |
IEC |
1 |
AEC-Q200 |
1000 OHM |
TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
.9 mm |
1.2 |
2 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Taiyo Yuden |
FERRITE CHIP |
Chip Bead |
.3 ohm |
100 MHz |
Ferrite |
.5 A |
1 |
600 OHM |
TAPE AND REEL |
SURFACE MOUNT |
500 V |
2 |
Other Filters |
L2.0XB1.25XH0.85 (mm)/L0.079XB0.049XH0.033 (inch) |
0805 |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier |
.85 mm |
1.25 |
e3 |
100 MHz |
2 mm |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
Taiyo Yuden |
FERRITE CHIP |
.3 ohm |
.5 A |
1 |
600 OHM |
TAPE |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2 |
L2.0XB1.25XH0.85 (mm)/L0.079XB0.049XH0.033 (inch) |
125 Cel |
-55 Cel |
.85 mm |
1.25 |
2 mm |
Data line filters are electronic filters that are used to filter out noise and interference from data communication lines. They are designed to provide a high level of attenuation of unwanted frequencies while allowing the desired data signal to pass through with minimal distortion.
Data line filters use a combination of passive and active components, including resistors, capacitors, inductors, and op-amps, to filter out noise and interference from data communication lines. They can be designed for a wide range of communication standards, including Ethernet, USB, HDMI, and other data communication protocols.
Data line filters can be designed as low-pass filters, which allow low-frequency signals to pass through while attenuating high-frequency signals, or as band-stop filters, which block a specific range of frequencies while allowing other frequencies to pass through. They can also be designed with multiple stages of filtering to provide increased attenuation of unwanted frequencies.
Data line filters are commonly used in a variety of electronic systems, including computers, telecommunication equipment, medical equipment, and industrial control systems. They are also used in data centers and other applications where high-speed data communication is critical.