ADDRESS COMPARATOR Digital Arithmetic Circuits 326

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Part RoHS Manufacturer Logic IC Type Temperature Grade Terminal Form No. of Terminals Package Code Package Shape Total Dose (V) Package Body Material Schmitt Trigger Surface Mount No. of Functions Technology Screening Level No. of Bits Packing Method Nominal Supply Voltage / Vsup (V) Power Supplies (V) Load Capacitance (CL) Package Style (Meter) Package Equivalence Code Propagation Delay (tpd) Maximum I (ol) Sub-Category Terminal Pitch Maximum Operating Temperature Output Characteristics Minimum Operating Temperature Terminal Finish Terminal Position JESD-30 Code Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) Maximum Supply Voltage (Vsup) Maximum Seated Height Width Qualification Output Polarity Minimum Supply Voltage (Vsup) Maximum Power Supply Current (ICC) Additional Features JESD-609 Code Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s) Peak Reflow Temperature (C) Length Family

SN54ALS679FK

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

NO LEAD

20

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

YES

1

TTL

12

5

50 pF

CHIP CARRIER

LCC20,.35SQ

40 ns

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-CQCC-N20

5.5 V

2.03 mm

8.89 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

4.5 V

28 mA

WITH INHIBIT

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

8.89 mm

ALS

SN54HC677FH

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

NO LEAD

28

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC

YES

CMOS

CHIP CARRIER

LCC28,.45SQ

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-XQCC-N28

Not Qualified

SNJ54HC680J

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC

NO

CMOS

38535Q/M;38534H;883B

IN-LINE

DIP20,.3

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-XDIP-T20

Not Qualified

SNC54ALS527J

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC

NO

TTL

MIL-STD-883 Class B (Modified)

IN-LINE

DIP20,.3

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-XDIP-T20

Not Qualified

SN54HC680J

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC

NO

CMOS

IN-LINE

DIP20,.3

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-XDIP-T20

Not Qualified

SNJ54HC678JT-00

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

24

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

NO

1

CMOS

16

5

50 pF

IN-LINE

187 ns

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDIP-T24

6 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

2 V

WITH OUTPUT LATCH

32.005 mm

HC/UH

SN54ALS678FH

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

NO LEAD

28

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC

YES

TTL

CHIP CARRIER

LCC28,.45SQ

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-XQCC-N28

Not Qualified

SN54ALS677AFK

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

NO LEAD

28

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

YES

1

TTL

16

5

50 pF

CHIP CARRIER

LCC28,.45SQ

43 ns

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-CQCC-N28

5.5 V

2.03 mm

11.43 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

4.5 V

33 mA

WITH INHIBIT

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

11.43 mm

ALS

SNJ54ALS680FH

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

NO LEAD

20

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC

YES

TTL

38535Q/M;38534H;883B

CHIP CARRIER

LCC20,.35SQ

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-XQCC-N20

Not Qualified

SNJ54ALS678FH-00

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

NO LEAD

28

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

YES

1

TTL

16

5

CHIP CARRIER

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-CQCC-N28

5.5 V

2.54 mm

11.43 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

4.5 V

WITH OUTPUT LATCH

11.43 mm

ALS

SNJ54ALS678JT

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

24

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

NO

1

TTL

16

5

50 pF

IN-LINE

52 ns

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDIP-T24

5.5 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

4.5 V

35 mA

WITH OUTPUT LATCH

32.005 mm

ALS

SNJ54HC680FK

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

NO LEAD

20

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC

YES

CMOS

38535Q/M;38534H;883B

CHIP CARRIER

LCC20,.35SQ

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-XQCC-N20

Not Qualified

SNJ54HC679J

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC

NO

CMOS

38535Q/M;38534H;883B

IN-LINE

DIP20,.3

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-XDIP-T20

Not Qualified

SNJ54ALS677AFK

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

NO LEAD

28

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

YES

1

TTL

38535Q/M;38534H;883B

16

5

50 pF

CHIP CARRIER

LCC28,.45SQ

43 ns

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-CQCC-N28

5.5 V

2.03 mm

11.43 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

4.5 V

33 mA

WITH INHIBIT

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

11.43 mm

ALS

SNJ54ALS678FK

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

NO LEAD

28

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

YES

1

TTL

38535Q/M;38534H;883B

16

5

50 pF

CHIP CARRIER

LCC28,.45SQ

52 ns

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-CQCC-N28

5.5 V

2.03 mm

11.43 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

4.5 V

35 mA

WITH OUTPUT LATCH

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

11.43 mm

ALS

SN54HC678FK-00

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

NO LEAD

28

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

YES

1

CMOS

16

5

50 pF

CHIP CARRIER

187 ns

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-CQCC-N28

6 V

2.03 mm

11.43 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

2 V

WITH OUTPUT LATCH

11.43 mm

HC/UH

SN54ALS679FH

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

NO LEAD

20

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC

YES

TTL

CHIP CARRIER

LCC20,.35SQ

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-XQCC-N20

Not Qualified

SNJ54ALS527FH

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

NO LEAD

20

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC

YES

TTL

38535Q/M;38534H;883B

CHIP CARRIER

LCC20,.35SQ

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-XQCC-N20

Not Qualified

SN54ALS677JT-00

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

24

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

NO

1

TTL

16

5

IN-LINE

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDIP-T24

5.5 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

4.5 V

WITH INHIBIT

32.005 mm

ALS

SN54HC677JT

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

24

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC

NO

CMOS

IN-LINE

DIP24,.3

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-XDIP-T24

Not Qualified

SNC54ALS527FH

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

NO LEAD

20

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC

YES

TTL

MIL-STD-883 Class B (Modified)

CHIP CARRIER

LCC20,.35SQ

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-XQCC-N20

Not Qualified

SNJ54HC677FK

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

NO LEAD

28

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC

YES

CMOS

38535Q/M;38534H;883B

CHIP CARRIER

LCC28,.45SQ

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-XQCC-N28

Not Qualified

SN54HC680FK-00

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

NO LEAD

20

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

YES

1

CMOS

12

5

50 pF

CHIP CARRIER

90 ns

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-CQCC-N20

6 V

2.03 mm

8.89 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

2 V

WITH OUTPUT LATCH

8.89 mm

HC/UH

SNC54ALS680J

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC

NO

TTL

MIL-STD-883 Class B (Modified)

IN-LINE

DIP20,.3

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-XDIP-T20

Not Qualified

SN54HC679FK

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

NO LEAD

20

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC

YES

CMOS

CHIP CARRIER

LCC20,.35SQ

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-XQCC-N20

Not Qualified

SNC54ALS526FH

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

NO LEAD

20

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC

YES

TTL

MIL-STD-883 Class B (Modified)

CHIP CARRIER

LCC20,.35SQ

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-XQCC-N20

Not Qualified

SNJ54ALS677JT

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

24

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC

NO

TTL

38535Q/M;38534H;883B

IN-LINE

DIP24,.3

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-XDIP-T24

Not Qualified

SN54ALS678JT-00

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

24

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

NO

1

TTL

16

5

IN-LINE

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDIP-T24

5.5 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

4.5 V

WITH OUTPUT LATCH

32.005 mm

ALS

SN54ALS679FH-00

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

NO LEAD

20

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

YES

1

TTL

12

5

50 pF

CHIP CARRIER

35 ns

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-CQCC-N20

5.5 V

2.54 mm

8.89 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

4.5 V

28 mA

WITH INHIBIT

8.89 mm

ALS

SNJ54HC679FK-00

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

NO LEAD

20

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

YES

1

CMOS

12

5

50 pF

CHIP CARRIER

240 ns

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-CQCC-N20

6 V

2.03 mm

8.89 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

2 V

WITH INHIBIT

8.89 mm

HC/UH

SN54ALS680FH-00

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

NO LEAD

20

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

YES

1

TTL

12

5

CHIP CARRIER

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-CQCC-N20

5.5 V

2.54 mm

8.89 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

4.5 V

WITH OUTPUT LATCH

8.89 mm

ALS

SN54ALS677AJT

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

24

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

NO

1

TTL

16

5

50 pF

IN-LINE

DIP24,.3

43 ns

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDIP-T24

5.5 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

4.5 V

33 mA

WITH INHIBIT

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

32.005 mm

ALS

SN54HC679FK-00

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

NO LEAD

20

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

YES

1

CMOS

12

5

50 pF

CHIP CARRIER

240 ns

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-CQCC-N20

6 V

2.03 mm

8.89 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

2 V

WITH INHIBIT

8.89 mm

HC/UH

SNJ54ALS678FH

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

NO LEAD

28

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC

YES

TTL

38535Q/M;38534H;883B

CHIP CARRIER

LCC28,.45SQ

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-XQCC-N28

Not Qualified

SN54HC679FH

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

NO LEAD

20

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC

YES

CMOS

CHIP CARRIER

LCC20,.35SQ

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-XQCC-N20

Not Qualified

SNJ54HC679J-00

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

NO

1

CMOS

12

5

50 pF

IN-LINE

240 ns

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDIP-T20

6 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

2 V

WITH INHIBIT

24.195 mm

HC/UH

SN54ALS679J-00

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

NO

1

TTL

12

5

50 pF

IN-LINE

35 ns

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDIP-T20

5.5 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

4.5 V

28 mA

WITH INHIBIT

24.195 mm

ALS

SN54ALS677JT

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

24

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC

NO

TTL

IN-LINE

DIP24,.3

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-XDIP-T24

Not Qualified

SNC54ALS680FH

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

NO LEAD

20

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC

YES

TTL

MIL-STD-883 Class B (Modified)

CHIP CARRIER

LCC20,.35SQ

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-XQCC-N20

Not Qualified

SN54HC679J-00

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

NO

1

CMOS

12

5

50 pF

IN-LINE

240 ns

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDIP-T20

6 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

2 V

WITH INHIBIT

24.195 mm

HC/UH

SNJ54HC680FK-00

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

NO LEAD

20

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

YES

1

CMOS

12

5

50 pF

CHIP CARRIER

90 ns

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-CQCC-N20

6 V

2.03 mm

8.89 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

2 V

WITH OUTPUT LATCH

8.89 mm

HC/UH

SN54HC678JT-00

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

24

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

NO

1

CMOS

16

5

50 pF

IN-LINE

187 ns

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDIP-T24

6 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

2 V

WITH OUTPUT LATCH

32.005 mm

HC/UH

SNJ54HC677FK-00

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

NO LEAD

28

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

YES

1

CMOS

16

5

50 pF

CHIP CARRIER

187 ns

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-CQCC-N28

6 V

2.03 mm

11.43 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

2 V

WITH INHIBIT

11.43 mm

HC/UH

TACT2150-20DW

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

COMMERCIAL

GULL WING

24

SOP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

YES

1

CMOS

8

5

SMALL OUTLINE

1.27 mm

70 Cel

OPEN-DRAIN

0 Cel

DUAL

R-PDSO-G24

5.5 V

2.65 mm

7.5 mm

Not Qualified

TRUE

4.5 V

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

15.4 mm

TACT21

SNJ54ALS680J

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

NO

1

TTL

38535Q/M;38534H;883B

12

5

50 pF

IN-LINE

DIP20,.3

43 ns

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDIP-T20

5.5 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

4.5 V

27 mA

WITH OUTPUT LATCH

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

24.195 mm

ALS

SNJ54ALS677FH-00

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

NO LEAD

28

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

YES

1

TTL

16

5

50 pF

CHIP CARRIER

40 ns

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-CQCC-N28

5.5 V

2.54 mm

11.43 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

4.5 V

33 mA

WITH INHIBIT

11.43 mm

ALS

SNJ54ALS679FH

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

NO LEAD

20

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC

YES

TTL

38535Q/M;38534H;883B

CHIP CARRIER

LCC20,.35SQ

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-XQCC-N20

Not Qualified

SNJ54ALS679J

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

NO

1

TTL

38535Q/M;38534H;883B

12

5

50 pF

IN-LINE

DIP20,.3

40 ns

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDIP-T20

5.5 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

4.5 V

28 mA

WITH INHIBIT

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

24.195 mm

ALS

Digital Arithmetic Circuits

Digital arithmetic circuits are electronic circuits designed to perform arithmetic operations on digital signals. These circuits are essential components of digital systems, such as microprocessors, digital signal processors, and programmable logic devices.

Digital arithmetic circuits can perform various arithmetic operations, including addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and modulo arithmetic. These operations are performed using binary arithmetic, where numbers are represented using the binary number system (0s and 1s).

Adders are one of the most commonly used digital arithmetic circuits. They are used to perform binary addition, where two binary numbers are added to produce a sum. Adders can be designed using various techniques, including ripple carry adders, carry look-ahead adders, and carry select adders.

Subtractors are also commonly used digital arithmetic circuits. They are used to perform binary subtraction, where one binary number is subtracted from another to produce a difference. Subtractors can be designed using techniques, including ripple borrow subtractors, borrow look-ahead subtractors, and borrow select subtractors.

Multiplexers and demultiplexers are digital circuits that can be used for various arithmetic operations, such as multiplication and division. Multiplexers can be used to select one of several input signals based on a control signal, while demultiplexers can be used to distribute a single input signal to several outputs based on a control signal.

Digital arithmetic circuits can also be designed using programmable logic devices, such as field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) and complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs). These devices can be programmed to implement various arithmetic operations and can be reprogrammed to adapt to changing system requirements.