28 Digital Arithmetic Circuits 278

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Part	Manufacturer	Logic IC Type	Temperature Grade	Terminal Form	No. of Terminals	Package Code	Package Shape	Package Body Material	Surface Mount	No. of Functions	Technology	Screening Level	No. of Bits	Nominal Supply Voltage / Vsup (V)	Power Supplies (V)	Load Capacitance (CL)	Package Style (Meter)	Package Equivalence Code	Propagation Delay (tpd)	Sub-Category	Terminal Pitch	Maximum Operating Temperature	Output Characteristics	Minimum Operating Temperature	Terminal Position	JESD-30 Code	Maximum Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Maximum Seated Height	Width	Qualification	Output Polarity	Minimum Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Maximum Power Supply Current (ICC)	Additional Features	Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s)	Peak Reflow Temperature (C)	Length	Family
SN74S181FN3	Texas Instruments	ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT	COMMERCIAL	J BEND	28	QCCJ	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES		TTL						CHIP CARRIER	LDCC28,.5SQ		Arithmetic Circuits	1.27 mm	70 Cel		0 Cel	QUAD	S-PQCC-J28
74AC11881NT	Texas Instruments	ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT	INDUSTRIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	28	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO	1	CMOS		4	5	3.3/5		IN-LINE	DIP28,.3		Arithmetic Circuits	2.54 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel	DUAL	R-PDIP-T28	5.5 V	5.08 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified		3 V		CAPABLE OF 16 LOGIC & ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS	NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	35.69 mm	AC
74ACT11881DWR	Texas Instruments	ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	28	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	1	CMOS		4	5			SMALL OUTLINE				1.27 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel	DUAL	R-PDSO-G28	5.5 V	2.65 mm	7.5 mm	Not Qualified		4.5 V		CAPABLE OF 16 LOGIC & ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS			17.9 mm	ACT
74AC11881DW	Texas Instruments	ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	28	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	1	CMOS		4	5	3.3/5		SMALL OUTLINE	SOP28,.4		Arithmetic Circuits	1.27 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel	DUAL	R-PDSO-G28	5.5 V	2.65 mm	7.5 mm	Not Qualified		3 V		CAPABLE OF 16 LOGIC & ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS	NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	17.9 mm	AC
74ACT11181J	Texas Instruments	ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT	INDUSTRIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	28	DIP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC	NO		CMOS			5	5		IN-LINE	DIP28,.6		Arithmetic Circuits	2.54 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel	DUAL	R-XDIP-T28				Not Qualified
SN74AS181BFN	Texas Instruments	ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT	COMMERCIAL	J BEND	28	QCCJ	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	1	TTL		4	5		50 pF	CHIP CARRIER	LDCC28,.5SQ	15 ns	Arithmetic Circuits	1.27 mm	70 Cel		0 Cel	QUAD	S-PQCC-J28	5.5 V	4.57 mm	11.5062 mm	Not Qualified		4.5 V	117 mA	CAPABLE OF 16 LOGIC & ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS; INTERNAL CARRY AND HIGHER ORDER LOOKAHEAD	NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	11.5062 mm	AS
SN74AS181BFN3	Texas Instruments	ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT	COMMERCIAL	J BEND	28	QCCJ	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES		TTL						CHIP CARRIER	LDCC28,.5SQ		Arithmetic Circuits	1.27 mm	70 Cel		0 Cel	QUAD	S-PQCC-J28
SN74LS630N3	Texas Instruments	ERROR DETECTION AND CORRECTION CIRCUIT	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	28	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO		TTL						IN-LINE	DIP28,.6		Arithmetic Circuits	2.54 mm	70 Cel		0 Cel	DUAL	R-PDIP-T28
SN74LS687FN3	Texas Instruments	MAGNITUDE COMPARATOR	COMMERCIAL	J BEND	28	QCCJ	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES		TTL						CHIP CARRIER	LDCC28,.5SQ		Arithmetic Circuits	1.27 mm	70 Cel		0 Cel	QUAD	S-PQCC-J28
74AC11881DWR	Texas Instruments	ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	28	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	1	CMOS		4	5			SMALL OUTLINE				1.27 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel	DUAL	R-PDSO-G28	5.5 V	2.65 mm	7.5 mm	Not Qualified		3 V		CAPABLE OF 16 LOGIC & ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS			17.9 mm	AC
SN74ALS678FN3	Texas Instruments	ADDRESS COMPARATOR	COMMERCIAL	J BEND	28	QCCJ	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES		TTL						CHIP CARRIER	LDCC28,.5SQ		Arithmetic Circuits	1.27 mm	70 Cel		0 Cel	QUAD	S-PQCC-J28
5962-89757013X	Texas Instruments	MAGNITUDE COMPARATOR	MILITARY	NO LEAD	28	QCCN	SQUARE	CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED	YES	1	TTL	MIL-STD-883	8	5		50 pF	CHIP CARRIER		21 ns		1.27 mm	125 Cel		-55 Cel	QUAD	S-CQCC-N28	5.5 V	2.03 mm	11.43 mm	Not Qualified	TRUE	4.5 V	210 mA		NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	11.43 mm	AS
SN74LS630JDP4	Texas Instruments	ERROR DETECTION AND CORRECTION CIRCUIT	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	28	DIP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC	NO		TTL						IN-LINE	DIP28,.6		Arithmetic Circuits	2.54 mm	70 Cel		0 Cel	DUAL	R-XDIP-T28
SN74LS686FN	Texas Instruments	MAGNITUDE COMPARATOR	COMMERCIAL	J BEND	28	QCCJ	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	1	TTL		8	5		45 pF	CHIP CARRIER	LDCC28,.5SQ	30 ns	Arithmetic Circuits	1.27 mm	70 Cel		0 Cel	QUAD	S-PQCC-J28	5.5 V	4.57 mm	11.5062 mm	Not Qualified	INVERTED	4.5 V	75 mA	WITH INHIBIT; WITH A = B & A > B OUTPUTS	NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	11.5062 mm	LS
SN74LS181FN	Texas Instruments	ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT	COMMERCIAL	J BEND	28	QCCJ	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	1	TTL		4	5	5	15 pF	CHIP CARRIER	LDCC28,.5SQ	62 ns	Arithmetic Circuits	1.27 mm	70 Cel		0 Cel	QUAD	S-PQCC-J28	5.25 V	4.57 mm	11.5062 mm	Not Qualified		4.75 V	37 mA	CAPABLE OF 16 LOGIC & ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS; INTERNAL CARRY AND HIGHER ORDER LOOKAHEAD	NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	11.5062 mm	LS
SN74HC630J4	Texas Instruments	ERROR DETECTION AND CORRECTION CIRCUIT	INDUSTRIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	28	DIP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC	NO		CMOS						IN-LINE	DIP28,.6		Arithmetic Circuits	2.54 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel	DUAL	R-XDIP-T28
SN74HC630N1	Texas Instruments	ERROR DETECTION AND CORRECTION CIRCUIT	INDUSTRIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	28	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO		CMOS						IN-LINE	DIP28,.6		Arithmetic Circuits	2.54 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel	DUAL	R-PDIP-T28				Not Qualified
SN74HC181FHP4	Texas Instruments	ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT	INDUSTRIAL	NO LEAD	28	QCCN	SQUARE	CERAMIC	YES		CMOS				2/6		CHIP CARRIER	LCC28,.45SQ		Arithmetic Circuits	1.27 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel	QUAD	S-XQCC-N28
SN74AS882FN-00	Texas Instruments	LOOK-AHEAD CARRY GENERATOR	COMMERCIAL	J BEND	28	QCCJ	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	1	TTL		8	5		50 pF	CHIP CARRIER		14 ns		1.27 mm	70 Cel		0 Cel	QUAD	S-PQCC-J28	5.5 V	4.57 mm	11.5062 mm	Not Qualified		4.5 V	105 mA	WITH HIGHER ORDER LOOKAHEAD			11.5062 mm	AS
SN74ALS677FN-00	Texas Instruments	ADDRESS COMPARATOR	COMMERCIAL	J BEND	28	QCCJ	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	1	TTL		16	5			CHIP CARRIER				1.27 mm	70 Cel		0 Cel	QUAD	S-PQCC-J28	5.5 V	4.57 mm	11.5062 mm	Not Qualified	INVERTED	4.5 V		WITH INHIBIT			11.5062 mm	ALS
SN74HC181FN	Texas Instruments	ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT	INDUSTRIAL	J BEND	28	QCCJ	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES		CMOS				2/6		CHIP CARRIER	LDCC28,.5SQ		Arithmetic Circuits	1.27 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel	QUAD	S-PQCC-J28				Not Qualified
SN74HC677FH	Texas Instruments	ADDRESS COMPARATOR	INDUSTRIAL	NO LEAD	28	QCCN	SQUARE	CERAMIC	YES		CMOS						CHIP CARRIER	LCC28,.45SQ		Arithmetic Circuits	1.27 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel	QUAD	S-XQCC-N28				Not Qualified
SN74AS866N-10	Texas Instruments	MAGNITUDE COMPARATOR	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	28	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO	1	TTL		8	5		50 pF	IN-LINE		15 ns		2.54 mm	70 Cel		0 Cel	DUAL	R-PDIP-T28	5.5 V	5.08 mm	15.24 mm	Not Qualified	TRUE	4.5 V	240 mA	OPEN COLLECTOR A = B OUTPUT; ARITHMETIC COMPARISON; CASCADABLE; OUTPUT LATCH			36.32 mm	AS
SN74AS866NP3	Texas Instruments	MAGNITUDE COMPARATOR	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	28	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO		TTL						IN-LINE	DIP28,.6		Arithmetic Circuits	2.54 mm	70 Cel		0 Cel	DUAL	R-PDIP-T28
SN74HC678FH	Texas Instruments	ADDRESS COMPARATOR	INDUSTRIAL	NO LEAD	28	QCCN	SQUARE	CERAMIC	YES		CMOS						CHIP CARRIER	LCC28,.45SQ		Arithmetic Circuits	1.27 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel	QUAD	S-XQCC-N28				Not Qualified
SN74LS631FN3	Texas Instruments	ERROR DETECTION AND CORRECTION CIRCUIT	COMMERCIAL	J BEND	28	QCCJ	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES		TTL						CHIP CARRIER	LDCC28,.5SQ		Arithmetic Circuits	1.27 mm	70 Cel		0 Cel	QUAD	S-PQCC-J28
74AC11181DWR	Texas Instruments	ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	28	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	1	CMOS		4	5		50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE		19.8 ns		1.27 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel	DUAL	R-PDSO-G28	5.5 V	2.65 mm	7.5 mm	Not Qualified		3 V		CAPABLE OF 16 LOGIC & ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS			17.9 mm	AC
SN74AS181AFN3	Texas Instruments	ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT	COMMERCIAL	J BEND	28	QCCJ	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES		TTL						CHIP CARRIER	LDCC28,.5SQ		Arithmetic Circuits	1.27 mm	70 Cel		0 Cel	QUAD	S-PQCC-J28
SN74AS882AFN3	Texas Instruments	LOOK-AHEAD CARRY GENERATOR	COMMERCIAL	J BEND	28	QCCJ	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES		TTL						CHIP CARRIER	LDCC28,.5SQ		Arithmetic Circuits	1.27 mm	70 Cel		0 Cel	QUAD	S-PQCC-J28
SN74AS882AFN	Texas Instruments	LOOK-AHEAD CARRY GENERATOR	COMMERCIAL	J BEND	28	QCCJ	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	1	TTL		8	5		50 pF	CHIP CARRIER	LDCC28,.5SQ	14 ns	Arithmetic Circuits	1.27 mm	70 Cel		0 Cel	QUAD	S-PQCC-J28	5.5 V	4.57 mm	11.5062 mm	Not Qualified		4.5 V	70 mA	WITH HIGHER ORDER LOOKAHEAD	NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	11.5062 mm	AS
74ACT11181NT	Texas Instruments	ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT	INDUSTRIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	28	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO	1	CMOS		4	5	5	50 pF	IN-LINE	DIP28,.3	25.4 ns	Arithmetic Circuits	2.54 mm	85 Cel	OPEN-DRAIN	-40 Cel	DUAL	R-PDIP-T28	5.5 V	5.08 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	INVERTED	4.5 V		CAPABLE OF 16 LOGIC & ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS; INTERNAL CARRY AND HIGHER ORDER LOOKAHEAD	NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	35.69 mm	ACT
74AC11181DW	Texas Instruments	ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	28	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	1	CMOS		4	5	3.3/5	50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP28,.4	19.8 ns	Arithmetic Circuits	1.27 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel	DUAL	R-PDSO-G28	5.5 V	2.65 mm	7.5 mm	Not Qualified		3 V		CAPABLE OF 16 LOGIC & ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS	NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	17.9 mm	AC
74ACT11881N	Texas Instruments	ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT	INDUSTRIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	28	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO		CMOS			5	5		IN-LINE	DIP28,.6		Arithmetic Circuits	2.54 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel	DUAL	R-PDIP-T28				Not Qualified
SN74AS866AFN	Texas Instruments	MAGNITUDE COMPARATOR	COMMERCIAL	J BEND	28	QCCJ	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	1	TTL		8	5			CHIP CARRIER	LDCC28,.5SQ	17.5 ns	Arithmetic Circuits	1.27 mm	70 Cel		0 Cel	QUAD	S-PQCC-J28	5.5 V	4.57 mm	11.5062 mm	Not Qualified	TRUE	4.5 V			NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	11.5062 mm	AS
SN74HC881FH4	Texas Instruments	ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT	INDUSTRIAL	NO LEAD	28	QCCN	SQUARE	CERAMIC	YES		CMOS						CHIP CARRIER	LCC28,.45SQ		Arithmetic Circuits	1.27 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel	QUAD	S-XQCC-N28
SN74LS630JD	Texas Instruments	ERROR DETECTION AND CORRECTION CIRCUIT	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	28	DIP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED	NO	1	TTL		16	5		45 pF	IN-LINE	DIP28,.6	65 ns	Arithmetic Circuits	2.54 mm	70 Cel	3-STATE	0 Cel	DUAL	R-CDIP-T28	5.25 V			Not Qualified		4.75 V	230 mA		NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED		LS
SN74AS881AFN3	Texas Instruments	ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT	COMMERCIAL	J BEND	28	QCCJ	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES		TTL						CHIP CARRIER	LDCC28,.5SQ		Arithmetic Circuits	1.27 mm	70 Cel		0 Cel	QUAD	S-PQCC-J28
SN74LS181FN3	Texas Instruments	ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT	COMMERCIAL	J BEND	28	QCCJ	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES		TTL			5	5		CHIP CARRIER	LDCC28,.5SQ		Arithmetic Circuits	1.27 mm	70 Cel		0 Cel	QUAD	S-PQCC-J28
74AC11181N	Texas Instruments	ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT	INDUSTRIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	28	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO		CMOS				3.3/5		IN-LINE	DIP28,.6		Arithmetic Circuits	2.54 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel	DUAL	R-PDIP-T28				Not Qualified
SN74AS882FN3	Texas Instruments	LOOK-AHEAD CARRY GENERATOR	COMMERCIAL	J BEND	28	QCCJ	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES		TTL						CHIP CARRIER	LDCC28,.5SQ		Arithmetic Circuits	1.27 mm	70 Cel		0 Cel	QUAD	S-PQCC-J28
SN74LS631N3	Texas Instruments	ERROR DETECTION AND CORRECTION CIRCUIT	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	28	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO		TTL						IN-LINE	DIP28,.6		Arithmetic Circuits	2.54 mm	70 Cel		0 Cel	DUAL	R-PDIP-T28
SN74AS866AN	Texas Instruments	MAGNITUDE COMPARATOR	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	28	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO	1	TTL		8	5			IN-LINE	DIP28,.6	17.5 ns	Arithmetic Circuits	2.54 mm	70 Cel		0 Cel	DUAL	R-PDIP-T28	5.5 V	5.08 mm	15.24 mm	Not Qualified	TRUE	4.5 V			NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	36.32 mm	AS
SN74AS1181FN3	Texas Instruments	ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT	COMMERCIAL	J BEND	28	QCCJ	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES		TTL						CHIP CARRIER	LDCC28,.5SQ		Arithmetic Circuits	1.27 mm	70 Cel		0 Cel	QUAD	S-PQCC-J28
74AC11181J	Texas Instruments	ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT	INDUSTRIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	28	DIP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC	NO		CMOS				3.3/5		IN-LINE	DIP28,.6		Arithmetic Circuits	2.54 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel	DUAL	R-XDIP-T28				Not Qualified
SN74HC686FH	Texas Instruments	MAGNITUDE COMPARATOR	INDUSTRIAL	NO LEAD	28	QCCN	SQUARE	CERAMIC	YES		CMOS						CHIP CARRIER	LCC28,.45SQ		Arithmetic Circuits	1.27 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel	QUAD	S-XQCC-N28				Not Qualified
SN74HC181FN3	Texas Instruments	ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT	INDUSTRIAL	J BEND	28	QCCJ	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES		CMOS				2/6		CHIP CARRIER	LDCC28,.5SQ		Arithmetic Circuits	1.27 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel	QUAD	S-PQCC-J28
74ACT11181DW	Texas Instruments	ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	28	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	1	CMOS		4	5	5	50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP28,.4	25.4 ns	Arithmetic Circuits	1.27 mm	85 Cel	OPEN-DRAIN	-40 Cel	DUAL	R-PDSO-G28	5.5 V	2.65 mm	7.5 mm	Not Qualified	INVERTED	4.5 V		CAPABLE OF 16 LOGIC & ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS; INTERNAL CARRY AND HIGHER ORDER LOOKAHEAD	NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	17.9 mm	ACT
SN74LS630FN3	Texas Instruments	ERROR DETECTION AND CORRECTION CIRCUIT	COMMERCIAL	J BEND	28	QCCJ	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES		TTL						CHIP CARRIER	LDCC28,.5SQ		Arithmetic Circuits	1.27 mm	70 Cel		0 Cel	QUAD	S-PQCC-J28

Digital Arithmetic Circuits

Digital arithmetic circuits are electronic circuits designed to perform arithmetic operations on digital signals. These circuits are essential components of digital systems, such as microprocessors, digital signal processors, and programmable logic devices.

Digital arithmetic circuits can perform various arithmetic operations, including addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and modulo arithmetic. These operations are performed using binary arithmetic, where numbers are represented using the binary number system (0s and 1s).

Adders are one of the most commonly used digital arithmetic circuits. They are used to perform binary addition, where two binary numbers are added to produce a sum. Adders can be designed using various techniques, including ripple carry adders, carry look-ahead adders, and carry select adders.

Subtractors are also commonly used digital arithmetic circuits. They are used to perform binary subtraction, where one binary number is subtracted from another to produce a difference. Subtractors can be designed using techniques, including ripple borrow subtractors, borrow look-ahead subtractors, and borrow select subtractors.

Multiplexers and demultiplexers are digital circuits that can be used for various arithmetic operations, such as multiplication and division. Multiplexers can be used to select one of several input signals based on a control signal, while demultiplexers can be used to distribute a single input signal to several outputs based on a control signal.

Digital arithmetic circuits can also be designed using programmable logic devices, such as field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) and complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs). These devices can be programmed to implement various arithmetic operations and can be reprogrammed to adapt to changing system requirements.