D LATCH Latches & Flip-Flops 2,378

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Part	Manufacturer	Logic IC Type	Temperature Grade	Terminal Form	No. of Terminals	Package Code	Package Shape	Package Body Material	Schmitt Trigger	Surface Mount	No. of Functions	Technology	Screening Level	No. of Bits	Packing Method	Nominal Supply Voltage / Vsup (V)	Power Supplies (V)	Load Capacitance (CL)	Package Style (Meter)	Package Equivalence Code	Propagation Delay (tpd)	Maximum I (ol)	Sub-Category	Terminal Pitch	Maximum Operating Temperature	Output Characteristics	Trigger Type	Minimum Operating Temperature	Terminal Finish	Terminal Position	Minimum fmax	JESD-30 Code	Maximum Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Maximum Seated Height	Width	Qualification	Output Polarity	Minimum Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Maximum Power Supply Current (ICC)	Additional Features	JESD-609 Code	Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s)	Peak Reflow Temperature (C)	Length	Family
SNC54AS841FH	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	NO LEAD	28	QCCN	SQUARE	CERAMIC		YES	1	TTL	MIL-STD-883 Class B (Modified)	10		5	5		CHIP CARRIER	LCC28,.45SQ			FF/Latches	1.27 mm	125 Cel	3-STATE		-55 Cel		QUAD		S-XQCC-N28				Not Qualified
SNC54AS880JT	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	THROUGH-HOLE	24	DIP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC		NO	2	TTL	MIL-STD-883 Class B (Modified)	4					IN-LINE	DIP24,.3			FF/Latches	2.54 mm	125 Cel	3-STATE		-55 Cel		DUAL		R-XDIP-T24				Not Qualified
SNC54AS573FH	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	NO LEAD	20	QCCN	SQUARE	CERAMIC		YES	1	TTL	MIL-STD-883 Class B (Modified)	8		5	5		CHIP CARRIER	LCC20,.35SQ			FF/Latches	1.27 mm	125 Cel	3-STATE		-55 Cel		QUAD		S-XQCC-N20				Not Qualified
SN54AS846FH	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	NO LEAD	28	QCCN	SQUARE	CERAMIC		YES	1	TTL		8					CHIP CARRIER	LCC28,.45SQ			FF/Latches	1.27 mm	125 Cel	3-STATE		-55 Cel		QUAD		S-XQCC-N28				Not Qualified
SNJ54L77T-03	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	FLAT	14	DFP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED		YES	2	TTL		2		5		15 pF	FLATPACK		30 ns			1.27 mm	125 Cel		HIGH LEVEL	-55 Cel		DUAL		R-GDFP-F14	5.5 V		3.683 mm	Not Qualified	TRUE	4.5 V	23 mA					6.48 mm	TTL/H/L
SNJ54AC11373JT	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	THROUGH-HOLE	24	DIP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC		NO	1	CMOS	38535Q/M;38534H;883B	8			3.3/5		IN-LINE	DIP24,.3			FF/Latches	2.54 mm	125 Cel	3-STATE		-55 Cel		DUAL		R-XDIP-T24				Not Qualified
SN54L77T-05	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	FLAT	14	DFP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED		YES	2	TTL		2		5		15 pF	FLATPACK		30 ns			1.27 mm	125 Cel		HIGH LEVEL	-55 Cel		DUAL		R-GDFP-F14	5.5 V		3.683 mm	Not Qualified	TRUE	4.5 V	23 mA					6.48 mm	TTL/H/L
74HSTL162822DGGRE4	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	64	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		YES	1			14		3.3	3.3		SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP64,.32,20	5.7 ns		FF/Latches	.5 mm	90 Cel	SERIES-RESISTOR	LOW LEVEL	-40 Cel		DUAL		R-PDSO-G64	3.45 V	1.2 mm	6.1 mm	Not Qualified	TRUE	3.15 V				NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	17 mm	TTL/H/L
SN5477W-10	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	FLAT	14	DFP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED		YES	2	TTL		2		5		15 pF	FLATPACK		15 ns			1.27 mm	125 Cel		HIGH LEVEL	-55 Cel		DUAL		R-GDFP-F14	5.5 V	2.03 mm	6.29 mm	Not Qualified	TRUE	4.5 V	46 mA					9.21 mm	TTL/H/L
SNJ5477W-10	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	FLAT	14	DFP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED		YES	2	TTL		2		5		15 pF	FLATPACK		15 ns			1.27 mm	125 Cel		HIGH LEVEL	-55 Cel		DUAL		R-GDFP-F14	5.5 V	2.03 mm	6.29 mm	Not Qualified	TRUE	4.5 V	46 mA					9.21 mm	TTL/H/L
CD54HC259F3A	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	THROUGH-HOLE	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED	NO	NO	1	CMOS	38535Q/M;38534H;883B	8	TUBE	4.5	2/6	50 pF	IN-LINE	DIP16,.3	255 ns	5.2 Amp	FF/Latches	2.54 mm	125 Cel		LOW LEVEL	-55 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL		R-GDIP-T16	6 V	5.08 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	TRUE	2 V	.08 mA	1:8 DMUX FOLLOWED BY LATCH	e0	NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	19.56 mm	HC/UH
SNJ54AS843FH	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	NO LEAD	28	QCCN	SQUARE	CERAMIC		YES	1	TTL	38535Q/M;38534H;883B	9					CHIP CARRIER	LCC28,.45SQ			FF/Latches	1.27 mm	125 Cel	3-STATE		-55 Cel		QUAD		S-XQCC-N28				Not Qualified
M38510/31603BEB	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	THROUGH-HOLE	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC		NO	1	TTL	38535Q/M;38534H;883B	8		5	5		IN-LINE	DIP16,.3		4 Amp	FF/Latches	2.54 mm	125 Cel			-55 Cel		DUAL		R-XDIP-T16				Not Qualified			36 mA
SN54HC573FH	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	NO LEAD	20	QCCN	SQUARE	CERAMIC		YES	1	CMOS		8			2/6		CHIP CARRIER	LCC20,.35SQ			FF/Latches	1.27 mm	125 Cel	3-STATE		-55 Cel		QUAD		S-XQCC-N20				Not Qualified
SNJ54AS880FH	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	NO LEAD	28	QCCN	SQUARE	CERAMIC		YES	2	TTL	38535Q/M;38534H;883B	4					CHIP CARRIER	LCC28,.45SQ			FF/Latches	1.27 mm	125 Cel	3-STATE		-55 Cel		QUAD		S-XQCC-N28				Not Qualified
SNJ54AS846FH	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	NO LEAD	28	QCCN	SQUARE	CERAMIC		YES	1	TTL	38535Q/M;38534H;883B	8					CHIP CARRIER	LCC28,.45SQ			FF/Latches	1.27 mm	125 Cel	3-STATE		-55 Cel		QUAD		S-XQCC-N28				Not Qualified
74HSTL162822DGGRG4	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	64	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		YES	1			14		3.3	3.3		SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP64,.32,20	5.7 ns		FF/Latches	.5 mm	90 Cel	SERIES-RESISTOR	LOW LEVEL	-40 Cel		DUAL		R-PDSO-G64	3.45 V	1.2 mm	6.1 mm	Not Qualified	TRUE	3.15 V				NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	17 mm	TTL/H/L
SN54AS841FH	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	NO LEAD	28	QCCN	SQUARE	CERAMIC		YES	1	TTL		10		5	5		CHIP CARRIER	LCC28,.45SQ			FF/Latches	1.27 mm	125 Cel	3-STATE		-55 Cel		QUAD		S-XQCC-N28				Not Qualified
SNC54100W	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	FLAT	24	DFP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC		YES	2	TTL	MIL-STD-883 Class B (Modified)	4					FLATPACK	FL24,.4			FF/Latches	1.27 mm	125 Cel			-55 Cel		DUAL		R-XDFP-F24				Not Qualified
CD54HCT259F3A	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	THROUGH-HOLE	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED	NO	NO	1	CMOS	38535Q/M;38534H;883B	8	TUBE	5	5	50 pF	IN-LINE	DIP16,.3	57 ns	4 Amp	FF/Latch	2.54 mm	125 Cel		LOW LEVEL	-55 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL		R-GDIP-T16	5.5 V	5.08 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	TRUE	4.5 V	.08 mA	1:8 DMUX FOLLOWED BY LATCH	e0	NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	19.56 mm	HCT
SNJ54HC259FH	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	NO LEAD	20	QCCN	SQUARE	CERAMIC		YES	1	CMOS	38535Q/M;38534H;883B	8			2/6		CHIP CARRIER	LCC20,.35SQ			FF/Latches	1.27 mm	125 Cel			-55 Cel		QUAD		S-XQCC-N20				Not Qualified						NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED
SN54L77T-13	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	FLAT	14	DFP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED		YES	2	TTL		2		5		15 pF	FLATPACK		30 ns			1.27 mm	125 Cel		HIGH LEVEL	-55 Cel		DUAL		R-GDFP-F14	5.5 V		3.683 mm	Not Qualified	TRUE	4.5 V	23 mA					6.48 mm	TTL/H/L
9314FMQB	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	FLAT	16	DFP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED		YES	1	TTL	38535Q/M;38534H;883B	4		5	5	15 pF	FLATPACK	FL16,.3	24 ns	16 Amp	FF/Latches	1.27 mm	125 Cel		LOW LEVEL	-55 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL		R-GDFP-F16	5.5 V	2.032 mm	6.604 mm	Not Qualified	TRUE	4.5 V	55 mA	CAN BE CONFIGURED AS RS LATCH USING S INPUTS	e0			9.6645 mm	93
SN54HC4724FH	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	NO LEAD	20	QCCN	SQUARE	CERAMIC		YES	1	CMOS		8					CHIP CARRIER	LCC20,.35SQ			FF/Latches	1.27 mm	125 Cel			-55 Cel		QUAD		S-XQCC-N20				Not Qualified						NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED
CD4724BNSRG4	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	GULL WING	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		YES	1	CMOS		1	TR	5	5/15	50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP16,.3	400 ns		FF/Latches	1.27 mm	125 Cel		LOW LEVEL	-55 Cel		DUAL		R-PDSO-G16	18 V	2 mm	5.3 mm	Not Qualified	TRUE	3 V		LATCH ACTS AS 1-OF-8 DEMULTIPLEXER		NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	10.2 mm	4000/14000/40000
SNJ54HC4724FK	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	NO LEAD	20	QCCN	SQUARE	CERAMIC		YES	1	CMOS	38535Q/M;38534H;883B	8					CHIP CARRIER	LCC20,.35SQ			FF/Latches	1.27 mm	125 Cel			-55 Cel		QUAD		S-XQCC-N20				Not Qualified						NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED
SNJ54L75W	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	FLAT	16	DFP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC		YES	1	TTL	38535Q/M;38534H;883B	4					FLATPACK	FL16,.3		8 Amp	FF/Latches	1.27 mm	125 Cel			-55 Cel		DUAL		R-XDFP-F16				Not Qualified
SN54259J-00	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	THROUGH-HOLE	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED		NO	1	TTL		1		5		15 pF	IN-LINE		20 ns			2.54 mm	125 Cel		LOW LEVEL	-55 Cel		DUAL		R-GDIP-T16	5.5 V	5.08 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	TRUE	4.5 V	90 mA	1:8 DMUX FOLLOWED BY LATCH				19.56 mm	TTL/H/L
7601201EX	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	THROUGH-HOLE	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED		NO	2	TTL	MIL-STD-883	2		5			IN-LINE		27 ns			2.54 mm	125 Cel		HIGH LEVEL	-55 Cel		DUAL		R-GDIP-T16	5.5 V	5.08 mm	7.62 mm	Qualified	COMPLEMENTARY	4.5 V				NOT APPLICABLE	NOT APPLICABLE	19.56 mm	LS
M38510/36101SEX	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	THROUGH-HOLE	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED		NO	1	TTL		4		5			IN-LINE		39 ns				125 Cel	3-STATE	POSITIVE EDGE	-55 Cel		DUAL	20 MHz	R-GDIP-T16	5.5 V			Not Qualified	TRUE	4.5 V							LS
SN54ALS844FH	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	NO LEAD	28	QCCN	SQUARE	CERAMIC		YES	1	TTL		9					CHIP CARRIER	LCC28,.45SQ		12 Amp	FF/Latches	1.27 mm	125 Cel	3-STATE		-55 Cel		QUAD		S-XQCC-N28				Not Qualified
SN54ALS580FH	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	NO LEAD	20	QCCN	SQUARE	CERAMIC		YES	1	TTL		8		5	5		CHIP CARRIER	LCC20,.35SQ			FF/Latches	1.27 mm	125 Cel	3-STATE		-55 Cel		QUAD		S-XQCC-N20				Not Qualified
SNJ54259J	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	THROUGH-HOLE	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED		NO	1	TTL	38535Q/M;38534H;883B	1		5	5	15 pF	IN-LINE	DIP16,.3	20 ns		FF/Latches	2.54 mm	125 Cel		LOW LEVEL	-55 Cel		DUAL		R-CDIP-T16	5.5 V	5.08 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	TRUE	4.5 V	90 mA	1:8 DMUX FOLLOWED BY LATCH; RESET ACTIVE ONLY WHEN LATCH ENABLE IS HIGH		NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	19.56 mm	TTL/H/L
SNJ54ALS580FK	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	NO LEAD	20	QCCN	SQUARE	CERAMIC		YES	1	TTL	38535Q/M;38534H;883B	8		5	5		CHIP CARRIER	LCC20,.35SQ			FF/Latches	1.27 mm	125 Cel	3-STATE		-55 Cel		QUAD		S-XQCC-N20				Not Qualified
SN54L77T-10	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	FLAT	14	DFP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED		YES	2	TTL		2		5		15 pF	FLATPACK		30 ns			1.27 mm	125 Cel		HIGH LEVEL	-55 Cel		DUAL		R-GDFP-F14	5.5 V		3.683 mm	Not Qualified	TRUE	4.5 V	23 mA					6.48 mm	TTL/H/L
85519012X	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	NO LEAD	20	QCCN	SQUARE	CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED		YES	1	CMOS	MIL-STD-883	1		5			CHIP CARRIER		195 ns			1.27 mm	125 Cel		LOW LEVEL	-55 Cel		QUAD		S-CQCC-N20	6 V	2.03 mm	8.89 mm	Qualified	TRUE	2 V				NOT APPLICABLE	NOT APPLICABLE	8.89 mm	HC/UH
SNJ54LS375W-10	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	FLAT	16	DFP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED		YES	2	TTL		2		5		15 pF	FLATPACK		25 ns			1.27 mm	125 Cel		HIGH LEVEL	-55 Cel		DUAL		R-GDFP-F16	5.5 V	2.03 mm	6.73 mm	Not Qualified	COMPLEMENTARY	4.5 V	12 mA					10.16 mm	LS
SNJ54HCT563FK	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	NO LEAD	20	QCCN	SQUARE	CERAMIC		YES	1	CMOS	38535Q/M;38534H;883B	8		5	5		CHIP CARRIER	LCC20,.35SQ			FF/Latches	1.27 mm	125 Cel	3-STATE		-55 Cel		QUAD		S-XQCC-N20				Not Qualified
M38510/31605SFX	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	FLAT	16	DFP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED		YES	1	TTL		8		5			FLATPACK		46 ns				125 Cel		NEGATIVE EDGE	-55 Cel		DUAL		R-GDFP-F16	5.5 V			Not Qualified	TRUE	4.5 V							LS
SN54HC375FK	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	NO LEAD	20	QCCN	SQUARE	CERAMIC		YES	1	CMOS		4		5	5	50 pF	CHIP CARRIER	LCC20,.35SQ		5.2 Amp	FF/Latches	1.27 mm	125 Cel			-55 Cel		QUAD		S-XQCC-N20				Not Qualified
SNC54ALS259J	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	THROUGH-HOLE	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC		NO	1	TTL	MIL-STD-883 Class B (Modified)	8		5	5		IN-LINE	DIP16,.3			FF/Latches	2.54 mm	125 Cel			-55 Cel		DUAL		R-XDIP-T16				Not Qualified
SNC54AS842FH	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	NO LEAD	28	QCCN	SQUARE	CERAMIC		YES	1	TTL	MIL-STD-883 Class B (Modified)	10					CHIP CARRIER	LCC28,.45SQ			FF/Latches	1.27 mm	125 Cel	3-STATE		-55 Cel		QUAD		S-XQCC-N28				Not Qualified
SNC54ALS841FH	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	NO LEAD	28	QCCN	SQUARE	CERAMIC		YES	1	TTL	MIL-STD-883 Class B (Modified)	10					CHIP CARRIER	LCC28,.45SQ		12 Amp	FF/Latches	1.27 mm	125 Cel	3-STATE		-55 Cel		QUAD		S-XQCC-N28				Not Qualified
SNC54259W	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	FLAT	16	DFP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC		YES	1	TTL	MIL-STD-883 Class B (Modified)	8		5	5		FLATPACK	FL16,.3			FF/Latches	1.27 mm	125 Cel			-55 Cel		DUAL		R-XDFP-F16				Not Qualified
8551901EA	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	THROUGH-HOLE	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED	NO	NO	1	CMOS	MIL-STD-883	8	TUBE	6	2/6	50 pF	IN-LINE	DIP16,.3	280 ns	5.2 Amp	FF/Latch	2.54 mm	125 Cel		NEGATIVE EDGE	-55 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL		R-GDIP-T16	6 V	5.08 mm	6.92 mm	Qualified	TRUE	2 V	.08 mA	1:8 DMUX FOLLOWED BY LATCH	e0			19.56 mm	HC
SNJ54ACT11533JT	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	THROUGH-HOLE	24	DIP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC		NO	1	CMOS	38535Q/M;38534H;883B	8			3.3/5		IN-LINE	DIP24,.3			FF/Latches	2.54 mm	125 Cel	3-STATE		-55 Cel		DUAL		R-XDIP-T24				Not Qualified
SN54HC259W	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	FLAT	16	DFP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED		YES	1	CMOS		1		5	2/6	50 pF	FLATPACK	FL16,.3	195 ns	4 Amp	FF/Latches	1.27 mm	125 Cel		LOW LEVEL	-55 Cel		DUAL		R-GDFP-F16	6 V	2.03 mm	6.73 mm	Not Qualified	TRUE	2 V		1:8 DMUX FOLLOWED BY LATCH; RESET ACTIVE ONLY WHEN LATCH ENABLE IS HIGH				10.2 mm	HC/UH
SNJ54AC11873J	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	MILITARY	THROUGH-HOLE	28	DIP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC		NO	2	CMOS	38535Q/M;38534H;883B	4			3.3/5		IN-LINE	DIP28,.6			FF/Latches	2.54 mm	125 Cel	3-STATE		-55 Cel		DUAL		R-XDIP-T28				Not Qualified

Latches & Flip-Flops

Latches and flip-flops are two types of electronic circuits used in digital systems to store and manipulate digital data. They are both sequential logic circuits, meaning that they can store information and use that information to make decisions based on the previous state.

A latch is a type of digital circuit that can hold or "latch" a signal in its current state. It is a simple memory element that can store a single bit of information. A latch can be transparent or opaque, depending on its behavior when the clock signal is active. A transparent latch passes the input signal through to the output when the clock signal is active, while an opaque latch holds the input signal at the output when the clock signal is active.

Flip-flops are similar to latches but are more sophisticated and have additional control inputs. A flip-flop is a digital circuit that can store one bit of information and change its state based on the clock signal and input signals. Flip-flops can be edge-triggered or level-triggered, depending on how they respond to the clock signal. Edge-triggered flip-flops change their state at the rising or falling edge of the clock signal, while level-triggered flip-flops change their state continuously as long as the clock signal is active.

Flip-flops are classified into various types based on their behavior and the number of inputs. Some of the commonly used flip-flops include D flip-flops, JK flip-flops, T flip-flops, and SR flip-flops. D flip-flops have a single data input and a clock input and can store one bit of information. JK flip-flops have two inputs, J and K, and can store one bit of information. T flip-flops have a single input and can toggle between two states based on the clock signal. SR flip-flops have two inputs, S and R, and can store one bit of information.

Latches and flip-flops are used in various applications, including digital signal processing, memory systems, and control circuits. They are essential components of digital systems and can be found in many electronic devices, such as computers, mobile phones, and digital cameras.