MILITARY Logic Gates 2,400+

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Part RoHS Manufacturer Logic IC Type Temperature Grade Terminal Form No. of Terminals Package Code Package Shape Total Dose (V) Package Body Material Schmitt Trigger Surface Mount No. of Functions Technology Screening Level No. of Inputs No. of Bits Translation Packing Method Nominal Supply Voltage / Vsup (V) Power Supplies (V) Load Capacitance (CL) Package Style (Meter) Package Equivalence Code Propagation Delay (tpd) Maximum I (ol) Sub-Category Terminal Pitch Maximum Operating Temperature Output Characteristics Minimum Operating Temperature Terminal Finish Terminal Position Control Type Minimum fmax JESD-30 Code Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) Maximum Supply Voltage (Vsup) Maximum Seated Height Width Qualification Output Polarity Minimum Supply Voltage (Vsup) Maximum Power Supply Current (ICC) Additional Features JESD-609 Code Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s) Peak Reflow Temperature (C) Length Family

8404601CA

Texas Instruments

XOR GATE

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

14

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

NO

NO

4

CMOS

MIL-STD-883

2

TUBE

5

2/6

50 pF

IN-LINE

DIP14,.3

150 ns

5.2 Amp

Gate

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

DUAL

R-GDIP-T14

6 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Qualified

2 V

.04 mA

e0

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

19.94 mm

HC/UH

SN151901U

Texas Instruments

NAND GATE

MILITARY

FLAT

14

DFP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC

NO

YES

DTL

FLATPACK

FL14,.3

Gates

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-XDFP-F14

Not Qualified

M38510/00303BDX

Texas Instruments

NAND GATE

MILITARY

FLAT

14

DFP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

YES

4

TTL

2

5

FLATPACK

38 ns

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-CDFP-F14

5.5 V

Not Qualified

4.5 V

TTL/H/L

M38510/65201B2X

Texas Instruments

OR GATE

MILITARY

NO LEAD

20

QCCN

SQUARE

UNSPECIFIED

NO

YES

4

CMOS

2

4.5

50 pF

CHIP CARRIER

23 ns

4 Amp

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-XQCC-N20

6 V

Qualified

2 V

.01 mA

HC/UH

SNC54H20J

Texas Instruments

NAND GATE

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

14

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC

NO

NO

2

TTL

MIL-STD-883 Class B (Modified)

4

5

IN-LINE

DIP14,.3

10 ns

Gates

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-XDIP-T14

5.5 V

Not Qualified

4.5 V

M38510/00102BCX

Texas Instruments

NAND GATE

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

14

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

NO

2

TTL

4

5

IN-LINE

15 ns

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDIP-T14

5.5 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

4.5 V

19.56 mm

TTL/H/L

M38510/30402BDX

Texas Instruments

AND-OR-INVERT GATE

MILITARY

FLAT

14

DFP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

YES

1

TTL

10

5

FLATPACK

30 ns

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDFP-F14

5.5 V

Not Qualified

4.5 V

LS

SNC54AS1004FH

Texas Instruments

INVERTER

MILITARY

NO LEAD

20

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC

NO

YES

6

TTL

MIL-STD-883 Class B (Modified)

1

5

5

CHIP CARRIER

LCC20,.35SQ

5 ns

Gates

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-XQCC-N20

5.5 V

Not Qualified

4.5 V

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

8403801CX

Texas Instruments

NAND GATE

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

14

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

NO

3

CMOS

MIL-PRF-38535

3

5

IN-LINE

145 ns

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDIP-T14

6 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Qualified

2 V

NOT APPLICABLE

NOT APPLICABLE

19.56 mm

HC/UH

CD54ACT00F3A

Texas Instruments

NAND GATE

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

14

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

NO

NO

4

CMOS

38535Q/M;38534H;883B

2

TUBE

5

5

50 pF

IN-LINE

DIP14,.3

10.8 ns

24 Amp

Gates

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

DUAL

R-CDIP-T14

5.5 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

4.5 V

.08 mA

e0

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

19.43 mm

ACT

CD54ACT08F3A

Texas Instruments

AND GATE

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

14

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

NO

NO

4

CMOS

38535Q/M;38534H;883B

2

TUBE

5

5

50 pF

IN-LINE

DIP14,.3

12.9 ns

24 Amp

Gates

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

TIN LEAD

DUAL

R-GDIP-T14

5.5 V

5.08 mm

6.67 mm

Not Qualified

4.5 V

.08 mA

e0

19.56 mm

ACT

SNC5413J

Texas Instruments

NAND GATE

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

14

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

YES

NO

2

TTL

MIL-PRF-38535

4

5

5

IN-LINE

DIP14,.3

22 ns

Gates

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDIP-T14

5.5 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

4.5 V

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

19.56 mm

TTL/H/L

SNC54ALS04W

Texas Instruments

INVERTER

MILITARY

FLAT

14

DFP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC

NO

YES

6

TTL

MIL-STD-883 Class B (Modified)

1

5

5

FLATPACK

FL14,.3

14 ns

Gates

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-XDFP-F14

5.5 V

Not Qualified

4.5 V

SNC5406J

Texas Instruments

INVERTER

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

14

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

NO

NO

6

TTL

MIL-STD-883 Class B (Modified)

1

5

5

IN-LINE

DIP14,.3

23 ns

16 Amp

Gates

2.54 mm

125 Cel

OPEN-COLLECTOR

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDIP-T14

5.5 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

4.5 V

51 mA

IOL = 30MA @ VOL = 0.7V; IOH = 0.25MA @ VOH = 30V

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

19.56 mm

TTL/H/L

SNC54ALS05W

Texas Instruments

INVERTER

MILITARY

FLAT

14

DFP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC

NO

YES

6

TTL

MIL-STD-883 Class B (Modified)

1

5

5

FLATPACK

FL14,.3

84 ns

Gates

1.27 mm

125 Cel

OPEN-COLLECTOR

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-XDFP-F14

5.5 V

Not Qualified

4.5 V

M38510/30003BCX

Texas Instruments

INVERTER

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

14

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

NO

NO

6

TTL

1

5

50 pF

IN-LINE

24 ns

4 Amp

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDIP-T14

5.5 V

Qualified

4.5 V

6.6 mA

LS

M38510/37501B2X

Texas Instruments

OR GATE

MILITARY

NO LEAD

20

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

NO

YES

4

TTL

2

5

50 pF

CHIP CARRIER

16 ns

4 Amp

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-CQCC-N20

5.5 V

Qualified

4.5 V

4.9 mA

ALS

M38510/38402SCX

Texas Instruments

NOR GATE

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

14

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

NO

4

TTL

2

5

IN-LINE

10 ns

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDIP-T14

5.5 V

Not Qualified

4.5 V

ALS

TF4010AJ

Texas Instruments

BUFFER

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

16

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC

NO

NO

6

CMOS

1

4.5/12.5

IN-LINE

DIP16,.3

110 ns

Gates

2.54 mm

125 Cel

OPEN-DRAIN

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-XDIP-T16

15 V

Not Qualified

3 V

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

SNC54HC32FH

Texas Instruments

OR GATE

MILITARY

NO LEAD

20

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC

NO

YES

4

CMOS

MIL-STD-883 Class B (Modified)

2

5

2/6

CHIP CARRIER

LCC20,.35SQ

150 ns

Gates

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-XQCC-N20

6 V

Not Qualified

2 V

CD54HCT08H

Texas Instruments

AND GATE

MILITARY

NO LEAD

14

DIE

UNSPECIFIED

UNSPECIFIED

YES

4

CMOS

2

5

UNCASED CHIP

38 ns

125 Cel

-55 Cel

UPPER

X-XUUC-N

5.5 V

Not Qualified

4.5 V

HCT

M38510/65202SCA

Texas Instruments

XOR GATE

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

14

DIP

RECTANGULAR

UNSPECIFIED

NO

4

CMOS

MIL-M-38510 Class S

2

4.5

IN-LINE

28 ns

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-XDIP-T14

6 V

Not Qualified

2 V

HC/UH

8414501RX

Texas Instruments

OR GATE

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

UNSPECIFIED

NO

NO

6

TTL

MIL-STD-883

2

5

50 pF

IN-LINE

11 ns

12 Amp

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-XDIP-T20

5.5 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Qualified

4.5 V

16 mA

NOT APPLICABLE

NOT APPLICABLE

24.195 mm

ALS

54AC11014W

Texas Instruments

INVERTER

MILITARY

FLAT

20

DFP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

YES

YES

6

CMOS

1

5

3.3/5

50 pF

FLATPACK

FL20,.3

10.3 ns

24 Amp

Gates

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDFP-F20

5.5 V

2.54 mm

6.92 mm

Not Qualified

3 V

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

13.09 mm

AC

SNC54H11J

Texas Instruments

AND GATE

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

14

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

NO

NO

3

TTL

MIL-PRF-38535

3

5

IN-LINE

DIP14,.3

12 ns

Gates

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDIP-T14

5.5 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

4.5 V

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

19.56 mm

TTL/H/L

SNC54HC266FK

Texas Instruments

XNOR GATE

MILITARY

NO LEAD

20

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC

NO

YES

4

CMOS

MIL-STD-883 Class B (Modified)

2

5

2/6

CHIP CARRIER

LCC20,.35SQ

190 ns

Gates

1.27 mm

125 Cel

OPEN-DRAIN

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-XQCC-N20

6 V

Not Qualified

2 V

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

54LS21W

Texas Instruments

AND GATE

MILITARY

FLAT

14

DFP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

YES

2

TTL

4

5

15 pF

FLATPACK

20 ns

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDFP-F14

5.5 V

2.03 mm

6.29 mm

Not Qualified

4.5 V

4.4 mA

9.21 mm

LS

54F14DM

Texas Instruments

INVERTER

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

14

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

NO

6

TTL

1

5

IN-LINE

13 ns

2.54 mm

125 Cel

3-STATE

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDIP-T14

5.5 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

4.5 V

4000V ESD PROTECTION

19.939 mm

F/FAST

SNC54S10W

Texas Instruments

NAND GATE

MILITARY

FLAT

14

DFP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC

NO

YES

3

TTL

MIL-STD-883 Class B (Modified)

3

5

5

FLATPACK

FL14,.3

5 ns

Gates

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-XDFP-F14

5.5 V

Not Qualified

4.5 V

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

8404401DA

Texas Instruments

NOR GATE

MILITARY

FLAT

14

DFP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

NO

YES

2

CMOS

MIL-STD-883

4

4.5

2/6

FLATPACK

FL14,.3

180 ns

Gates

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDFP-F14

6 V

Not Qualified

2 V

HC/UH

M38510/33004BDX

Texas Instruments

NAND GATE

MILITARY

FLAT

14

DFP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

NO

YES

2

TTL

4

5

50 pF

FLATPACK

7 ns

20 Amp

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDFP-F14

5.5 V

Qualified

4.5 V

5.1 mA

F/FAST

M38510/07301BCX

Texas Instruments

NOR GATE

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

14

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

NO

NO

4

TTL

2

5

50 pF

IN-LINE

5.5 ns

20 Amp

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDIP-T14

5.5 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Qualified

4.5 V

45 mA

NOT APPLICABLE

NOT APPLICABLE

19.56 mm

S

SNC54AS1032J

Texas Instruments

OR GATE

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

14

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC

NO

NO

TTL

MIL-STD-883 Class B (Modified)

5

5

IN-LINE

DIP14,.3

40 Amp

Gates

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-XDIP-T14

Not Qualified

24 mA

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

M38510/65201SDX

Texas Instruments

OR GATE

MILITARY

FLAT

14

DFP

RECTANGULAR

UNSPECIFIED

YES

4

CMOS

2

4.5

FLATPACK

23 ns

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-XDFP-F14

6 V

Not Qualified

2 V

HC/UH

7702402CX

Texas Instruments

AND GATE

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

14

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

NO

4

CMOS

MIL-PRF-38535

2

5

IN-LINE

250 ns

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDIP-T14

18 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Qualified

3 V

NOT APPLICABLE

NOT APPLICABLE

19.56 mm

4000/14000/40000

SNC5451W

Texas Instruments

AND-OR-INVERT GATE

MILITARY

FLAT

14

DFP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

NO

YES

2

TTL

MIL-STD-883 Class B (Modified)

4

5

5

FLATPACK

FL14,.3

15 ns

Gates

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDFP-F14

5.5 V

2.03 mm

6.29 mm

Not Qualified

4.5 V

CENTER PIN VCC AND GND

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

9.21 mm

TTL/H/L

54LS11DMQB

Texas Instruments

AND GATE

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

14

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

NO

NO

3

TTL

MIL-STD-883

3

5

5

50 pF

IN-LINE

DIP14,.3

18 ns

4 Amp

Gates

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDIP-T14

5.5 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

4.5 V

6.6 mA

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

19.939 mm

LS

M38510/34501BCX

Texas Instruments

XOR GATE

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

14

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

NO

4

TTL

2

5

IN-LINE

8.5 ns

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDIP-T14

5.5 V

Not Qualified

4.5 V

F/FAST

54LS15W

Texas Instruments

AND GATE

MILITARY

FLAT

14

DFP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

YES

3

TTL

3

5

15 pF

FLATPACK

35 ns

1.27 mm

125 Cel

OPEN-COLLECTOR

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDFP-F14

5.5 V

2.03 mm

6.29 mm

Not Qualified

4.5 V

6.6 mA

9.21 mm

LS

54LS32W

Texas Instruments

OR GATE

MILITARY

FLAT

14

DFP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

YES

4

TTL

2

5

15 pF

FLATPACK

22 ns

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDFP-F14

5.5 V

2.03 mm

6.29 mm

Not Qualified

4.5 V

9.8 mA

9.21 mm

LS

M38510/31302BCB

Texas Instruments

INVERTER

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

14

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

NO

6

TTL

MIL-PRF-38535 Class B

1

5

IN-LINE

52 ns

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDIP-T14

5.5 V

Not Qualified

4.5 V

LS

84145012A

Texas Instruments

OR GATE

MILITARY

NO LEAD

20

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

NO

YES

6

TTL

MIL-STD-883

2

5

5

CHIP CARRIER

LCC20,.35SQ

13 ns

12 Amp

Gate

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-CQCC-N20

5.5 V

2.03 mm

8.89 mm

Not Qualified

4.5 V

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

8.89 mm

ALS

M38510/30502B2X

Texas Instruments

XOR GATE

MILITARY

NO LEAD

20

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

NO

YES

4

TTL

2

5

50 pF

CHIP CARRIER

40 ns

4 Amp

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-CQCC-N20

5.5 V

Qualified

4.5 V

10 mA

LS

CD54HCT11F

Texas Instruments

AND GATE

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

14

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

NO

NO

3

CMOS

3

TUBE

5

5

50 pF

IN-LINE

DIP14,.3

42 ns

4 Amp

Gates

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

DUAL

R-GDIP-T14

5.5 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

4.5 V

.04 mA

e0

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

19.94 mm

HCT

M38510/00401BCX

Texas Instruments

NOR GATE

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

14

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

NO

NO

4

TTL

2

5

50 pF

IN-LINE

15 ns

16 Amp

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDIP-T14

5.5 V

Qualified

4.5 V

6.5 mA

TTL/H/L

54S11FK

Texas Instruments

AND GATE

MILITARY

NO LEAD

20

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

YES

3

TTL

3

5

15 pF

CHIP CARRIER

7.5 ns

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-CQCC-N20

5.5 V

2.03 mm

8.89 mm

Not Qualified

4.5 V

42 mA

8.89 mm

S

M38510/30501SDX

Texas Instruments

OR GATE

MILITARY

FLAT

14

DFP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

NO

YES

4

TTL

2

5

50 pF

FLATPACK

35 ns

4 Amp

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDFP-F14

5.5 V

Qualified

4.5 V

9.8 mA

LS

M38510/65701B2A

Texas Instruments

INVERTER

MILITARY

NO LEAD

20

QCCN

SQUARE

UNSPECIFIED

NO

YES

6

CMOS

MIL-PRF-38535 Class B

1

TUBE

5

2/6

50 pF

CHIP CARRIER

LCC20,.35SQ

22 ns

4 Amp

Gate

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

QUAD

S-XQCC-N20

6 V

2.03 mm

8.89 mm

Qualified

2 V

.02 mA

e0

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

8.89 mm

HC/UH

Logic Gates

Logic gates are electronic circuits that perform basic logical operations on one or more inputs to produce a single output. They are the building blocks of digital circuits and are used to implement digital logic functions, such as AND, OR, NOT, XOR, and NAND.

Logic gates are designed using various technologies, including transistor-transistor logic (TTL), complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS), and field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). They can be classified into three main types based on their operation: combinational logic gates, sequential logic gates, and programmable logic gates.

Combinational logic gates are logic gates that produce an output based solely on the current input values. These gates include the AND gate, OR gate, NOT gate, XOR gate, and NAND gate. The output of a combinational logic gate depends on the input values and the logic function implemented by the gate.

Sequential logic gates are logic gates that have memory elements and can store information. These gates include the SR flip-flop, D flip-flop, JK flip-flop, and T flip-flop. The output of a sequential logic gate depends on the current input values and the previous state of the gate.

Programmable logic gates are logic gates that can be programmed to implement different logic functions. These gates include programmable logic arrays (PLAs), programmable array logic (PALs), and field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). Programmable logic gates can be reprogrammed to adapt to changing system requirements.

Logic gates are used in various applications, including digital signal processing, control systems, and memory systems. They are essential components of digital systems and can be found in many electronic devices, such as computers, mobile phones, and digital cameras.