Toshiba Logic Gates 2,400+

Reset All

Part	Manufacturer	Logic IC Type	Temperature Grade	Terminal Form	No. of Terminals	Package Code	Package Shape	Package Body Material	Schmitt Trigger	Surface Mount	No. of Functions	Technology	Screening Level	No. of Inputs	Packing Method	Nominal Supply Voltage / Vsup (V)	Power Supplies (V)	Load Capacitance (CL)	Package Style (Meter)	Package Equivalence Code	Propagation Delay (tpd)	Maximum I (ol)	Sub-Category	Terminal Pitch	Maximum Operating Temperature	Output Characteristics	Minimum Operating Temperature	Terminal Finish	Terminal Position	JESD-30 Code	Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL)	Maximum Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Maximum Seated Height	Width	Qualification	Minimum Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Maximum Power Supply Current (ICC)	Additional Features	JESD-609 Code	Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s)	Peak Reflow Temperature (C)	Length	Family
TC7WZ32FU(TE12L)	Toshiba	OR GATE	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	8	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO	YES	2	CMOS		2	TR	5	3.3	50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP8,.16	11 ns	24 Amp	Gates	.635 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G8		5.5 V			Not Qualified	1.65 V
TC4071BF(ELP)	Toshiba	OR GATE	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	14	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		YES	4	CMOS		2		5		50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE		200 ns			1.27 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G14		18 V	1.9 mm	5.3 mm	Not Qualified	3 V			e0			10.3 mm	4000/14000/40000
TC4050BF(TP2)	Toshiba	BUFFER	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		YES	6	CMOS		1		5		50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE		70 ns			1.27 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16		18 V	1.9 mm	5.3 mm	Not Qualified	3 V		IOH = 1.9MA @ VOH = 2.5V; IOL = 2.9MA @ VOL = 0.4V; WITH EXTENDED INPUT VOLTAGE	e0			10.3 mm	4000/14000/40000
TC7WZ05FK(TE85L)	Toshiba	INVERTER	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	8	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO	YES	3	CMOS		1		5	3.3		SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP8,.12,20	12 ns	24 Amp	Gates	.5 mm	85 Cel	OPEN-DRAIN	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G8		5.5 V			Not Qualified	1.65 V
TC4030BF(TP2)	Toshiba	XOR GATE	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	14	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		YES	4	CMOS		2		5		50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE		280 ns			1.27 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G14		18 V	1.9 mm	5.3 mm	Not Qualified	3 V						10.3 mm	4000/14000/40000
TC7WZ04FU,LJ(CT	Toshiba	INVERTER	AUTOMOTIVE	GULL WING	8	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		YES	3	CMOS		1		1.8		50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP8,.16	11 ns	32 Amp		.65 mm	125 Cel		-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G8		5.5 V	1.2 mm	2.8 mm		1.65 V						2.9 mm	LVC/LCX/Z
TC4069UBF(F)	Toshiba	INVERTER	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	14	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO	YES	6	CMOS		1	TUBE	5	5/15	50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP14,.3	110 ns	.61 Amp	Gates	1.27 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G14		18 V			Not Qualified	3 V
TC4002BF(ELP)	Toshiba	NOR GATE	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	14	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		YES	2	CMOS		4		5		50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE		250 ns			1.27 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G14		18 V	1.9 mm	5.3 mm	Not Qualified	3 V			e0			10.3 mm	4000/14000/40000
TC7WU04F(F)	Toshiba	INVERTER	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	8	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO	YES	3	CMOS		1	TUBE	5	2/6	50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP8,.19	15 ns	4 Amp	Gates	1.27 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G8		6 V			Not Qualified	2 V
TC7WZ04FK	Toshiba	INVERTER	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	8	VSSOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO	YES	3	CMOS		1		1.8	3.3	50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE, VERY THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP8,.12,20	10 ns	24 Amp	Gates	.5 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G8		5.5 V	.9 mm	2 mm	Not Qualified	1.65 V				NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	2.3 mm	LVC/LCX/Z
74LCX02FT(TB,AJ)	Toshiba	NOR GATE
7UL1T02FU	Toshiba	NOR GATE	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	5	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		YES	1	CMOS		2		3.3			SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH		6.9 ns			.65 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G5		3.6 V	1.1 mm	1.25 mm		2.3 V				NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	2 mm	7UL
TC7WH08FU(TE12L_F)	Toshiba	AND GATE	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	8	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO	YES	2	CMOS		2	TR	5	2/5.5	50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP8,.16	14 ns	4 Amp	Gates	.635 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G8		5.5 V			Not Qualified	2 V
TC4049BFN(ELP)	Toshiba	INVERTER	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		YES	6	CMOS		1		5		50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE		60 ns			1.27 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16		18 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	3 V		IOH = 1.9MA @ VOH = 2.5V; IOL = 2.9MA @ VOL = 0.4V; WITH EXTENDED INPUT VOLTAGE				9.9 mm	4000/14000/40000
TC4002BP	Toshiba	NOR GATE	INDUSTRIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	14	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		NO	2	CMOS		4		5		50 pF	IN-LINE		250 ns			2.54 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDIP-T14		18 V	4.45 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	3 V			e0			19.25 mm	4000/14000/40000
TC5065BP	Toshiba	INVERTER	INDUSTRIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		NO	6	CMOS		1		5		50 pF	IN-LINE		4000 ns			2.54 mm	85 Cel	OPEN-DRAIN	-40 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDIP-T16		18 V	4.45 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	3 V		IOH = 6MA @ VOH = 2V; STROBED OUTPUTS	e0			19.25 mm	5000
TC4011BF(TP1)	Toshiba	NAND GATE	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	14	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		YES	4	CMOS		2		5		50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE		200 ns			1.27 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G14		18 V	1.9 mm	5.3 mm	Not Qualified	3 V			e0			10.3 mm	4000/14000/40000
TC7WH14FU	Toshiba	INVERTER	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	8	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	YES	3	CMOS		1		3.3	2/5.5	50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP8,.16	18.5 ns	4 Amp	Gates	.65 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G8		5.5 V	1.3 mm	2.8 mm	Not Qualified	2 V				30	260	2.9 mm	LV/LV-A/LVX/H
TC7W34FK	Toshiba	BUFFER	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	8	VSSOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO	YES	3	CMOS		1		5	2/6	50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE, VERY THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP8,.12,20	12 ns	4 Amp	Gates	.5 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G8		6 V	.9 mm	2 mm	Not Qualified	2 V			e0			2.3 mm	HC/UH
TC4077BFN(ELP)	Toshiba	XNOR GATE	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	14	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		YES	4	CMOS		2		5		50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE		280 ns			1.27 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G14		18 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	3 V						8.65 mm	4000/14000/40000
TC7WZ86FK,LJ(CT	Toshiba	XOR GATE	AUTOMOTIVE	GULL WING	8	VSSOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		YES	2	CMOS	AEC-Q100	2		1.8			SMALL OUTLINE, VERY THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH		13.5 ns			.5 mm	125 Cel		-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G8		5.5 V	.9 mm	2 mm		1.65 V						2.3 mm	LVC/LCX/Z
TC4001BP(FNSM)	Toshiba	NOR GATE
TC40H021F	Toshiba	AND GATE	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	14	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO	YES	2	CMOS		4				15 pF	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP14,.3	50 ns	1.4 Amp	Gates	1.27 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G14		8 V			Not Qualified	2 V			e0				HC/UH
TC4S584F(TE85R,F)	Toshiba	INVERTER	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	5	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		YES	1	CMOS		1		5			SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH		340 ns			.95 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G5	1	18 V	1.4 mm	1.6 mm		3 V				10	260	2.9 mm	4000/14000/40000
TC7WG02FK(TE85L)	Toshiba	NOR GATE	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	8	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO	YES	2	CMOS		2	TR	3	1.2/3.3	30 pF	SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP8,.12,20	56 ns	3 Amp	Gates	.5 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G8		3.6 V			Not Qualified	.9 V
TC4069UBF(N,F)	Toshiba	INVERTER	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	14	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO	YES	6	CMOS		1	TUBE	5	5/15	50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP14,.3	110 ns	.61 Amp	Gates	1.27 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G14		18 V			Not Qualified	3 V
TC7WZ17FU	Toshiba	BUFFER	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	8	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		YES	3	CMOS		1		1.8			SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH		15.6 ns			.65 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G8		5.5 V	1.2 mm	2.8 mm		1.65 V				30	260	2.9 mm	LVC/LCX/Z
TC7WH32FUTE12L	Toshiba	OR GATE	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	8	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO	YES	2	CMOS		2	TR	3.3	2/5.5	50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP8,.16	13 ns	4 Amp	Gates	.65 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G8		5.5 V	1.3 mm	2.8 mm	Not Qualified	2 V			e0			2.9 mm	HC/UH
TC7WZ14FU	Toshiba	INVERTER	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	8	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	YES	3	CMOS		1		1.8	3.3	50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP8,.16	15.6 ns	24 Amp	Gates	.65 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G8		5.5 V	1.3 mm	2.8 mm	Not Qualified	1.65 V				NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	2.9 mm	LVC/LCX/Z
TC4S01F(TE85L,F)	Toshiba
TC7W04FKTE85L	Toshiba	INVERTER	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	8	VSSOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO	YES	3	CMOS		1	TR	4.5	2/6	50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE, VERY THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP8,.12,20	95 ns	4 Amp	Gates	.5 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G8		6 V	.9 mm	2 mm	Not Qualified	2 V						2.3 mm	HC
TC4S81F(TE85L,F)	Toshiba	AND GATE	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	5	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO	YES	1	CMOS		2	TR	5	5/15	50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSOP5/6,.11,37	200 ns		Gates	.95 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G5		18 V	1.4 mm	1.6 mm	Not Qualified	3 V						2.9 mm	4000/14000/40000
TC7WH32FC(TE85L)	Toshiba	OR GATE	INDUSTRIAL	NO LEAD	8	SON	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO	YES	2	CMOS		2	TR	3.3	2/5.5	50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE	SOLCC8,.05,16	13 ns	4 Amp	Gates	.4 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-N8		5.5 V			Not Qualified	2 V
TC4001BFT(EL)	Toshiba	NOR GATE	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	14	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO	YES	4	CMOS		2	TR	5	5/15	50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP14,.25	200 ns	.61 Amp	Gates	.635 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G14		18 V			Not Qualified	3 V
TC4081BP(F)	Toshiba	AND GATE	INDUSTRIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	14	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO	NO	4	CMOS		2		5	5/15	50 pF	IN-LINE	DIP14,.3	200 ns		Gates	2.54 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDIP-T14		18 V			Not Qualified	3 V
TC7W08FU(TE12L)	Toshiba	AND GATE	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	8	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO	YES	2	CMOS		2	TR	5	2/6	50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP8,.16	19 ns	4 Amp	Gates	.65 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G8		6 V	1.3 mm	2.8 mm	Not Qualified	2 V				NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	2.9 mm	HC/UH
TC4S81F	Toshiba	AND GATE	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	5	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO	YES	1	CMOS		2		5	5/15	50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSOP5/6,.11,37	200 ns		Gates	.95 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G5		18 V	1.4 mm	1.6 mm	Not Qualified	3 V				NOT SPECIFIED	240	2.9 mm	4000/14000/40000
TC7MP01FK(EL)	Toshiba
TC4S71F(TE85R)	Toshiba	OR GATE
TC7W14FK	Toshiba	INVERTER	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	8	VSSOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	YES	3	CMOS		1		5	2/6	50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE, VERY THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP8,.12,20	155 ns	5.2 Amp	Gates	.5 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G8		6 V	.9 mm	2 mm	Not Qualified	2 V	25 mA			NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	2.3 mm	HC/UH
TC4071BFN(TP2)	Toshiba	OR GATE	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	14	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		YES	4	CMOS		2		5		50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE		200 ns			1.27 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G14		18 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	3 V						8.65 mm	4000/14000/40000
TC4030BF	Toshiba	XOR GATE	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	14	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO	YES	4	CMOS		2	TUBE	5	3/15	50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP14,.3	280 ns	.61 Amp	Gates	1.27 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G14		18 V	1.9 mm	5.3 mm	Not Qualified	3 V				NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	10.3 mm	4000/14000/40000
TC4069UBFN	Toshiba	INVERTER	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	14	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO	YES	6	CMOS		1		5	5/15	50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP14,.25	110 ns	.61 Amp	Gates	1.27 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G14		18 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	3 V		NOT AVAILABLE IN JAPAN		NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	8.65 mm	4000/14000/40000
TC7WG08FU(TE12L)	Toshiba	AND GATE	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	8	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO	YES	2	CMOS		2	TR	3	1.2/3.3	30 pF	SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP8,.16	63.2 ns	3 Amp	Gates	.635 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G8		3.6 V			Not Qualified	.9 V
7UL1T34FU	Toshiba	BUFFER																																						NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED
TC4023BF(TP2)	Toshiba	NAND GATE	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	14	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		YES	3	CMOS		3		5		50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE		250 ns			1.27 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G14		18 V	1.9 mm	5.3 mm	Not Qualified	3 V			e0			10.3 mm	4000/14000/40000
74LCX08FT	Toshiba	AND GATE	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	14	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO	YES	4	CMOS	AEC-Q100	2		1.8		50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP14,.25	22 ns	24 Amp		.65 mm	125 Cel		-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G14		3.6 V	1.2 mm	4.4 mm		1.65 V	100 mA			NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	5 mm	LVC/LCX/Z
TC4011BFT	Toshiba	NAND GATE	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	14	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO	YES	4	CMOS		2		5	5/15	50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP14,.25	200 ns	.61 Amp	Gates	.65 mm	85 Cel		-40 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G14		18 V	1.2 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	3 V			e4			5 mm	4000/14000/40000

Logic Gates

Logic gates are electronic circuits that perform basic logical operations on one or more inputs to produce a single output. They are the building blocks of digital circuits and are used to implement digital logic functions, such as AND, OR, NOT, XOR, and NAND.

Logic gates are designed using various technologies, including transistor-transistor logic (TTL), complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS), and field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). They can be classified into three main types based on their operation: combinational logic gates, sequential logic gates, and programmable logic gates.

Combinational logic gates are logic gates that produce an output based solely on the current input values. These gates include the AND gate, OR gate, NOT gate, XOR gate, and NAND gate. The output of a combinational logic gate depends on the input values and the logic function implemented by the gate.

Sequential logic gates are logic gates that have memory elements and can store information. These gates include the SR flip-flop, D flip-flop, JK flip-flop, and T flip-flop. The output of a sequential logic gate depends on the current input values and the previous state of the gate.

Programmable logic gates are logic gates that can be programmed to implement different logic functions. These gates include programmable logic arrays (PLAs), programmable array logic (PALs), and field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). Programmable logic gates can be reprogrammed to adapt to changing system requirements.

Logic gates are used in various applications, including digital signal processing, control systems, and memory systems. They are essential components of digital systems and can be found in many electronic devices, such as computers, mobile phones, and digital cameras.