PHASE DETECTOR Phase Locked Loops (PLL) & Frequency Synthesis Circuits 2,400+

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Part	Manufacturer	Other IC type	Temperature Grade	No. of Terminals	Package Code	Package Shape	Surface Mount	Package Body Material	Maximum Supply Current (Isup)	No. of Functions	Technology	Terminal Form	Maximum Negative Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Nominal Negative Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Nominal Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Power Supplies (V)	Package Style (Meter)	Package Equivalence Code	Sub-Category	Terminal Pitch	Maximum Operating Temperature	Minimum Operating Temperature	Terminal Finish	Terminal Position	JESD-30 Code	Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL)	Maximum Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Maximum Seated Height	Width (mm)	Qualification	Minimum Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Additional Features	Minimum Negative Supply Voltage (Vsup)	JESD-609 Code	Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s)	Peak Reflow Temperature (C)	Length
MC100EP140D	Onsemi	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	8	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	ECL100K	GULL WING		-4.5 V	3.3 V	-4.5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP8,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G8	1	3.6 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	3 V	NECL MODE : VCC = 0V WITH VEE = -3V TO -3.6V		e0		235	4.9 mm
MC10LVEL40DWR2	Onsemi	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	20	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING			3.3 V	3.3/5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP20,.4	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G20		5.5 V	2.65 mm	7.5 mm	Not Qualified	3 V	NECL MODE : VCC = 0V WITH VEE = -3V TO -5.5V		e0			12.8 mm
MC100EP40DTR2G	Onsemi	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	20	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	ECL100K	GULL WING			3.3 V	-3/-5.5/3.3/5	SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP20,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G20	1	5.5 V	1.2 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	3 V	NECL MODE : VCC = 0V WITH VEE = -3V TO -5.5V		e4	30	260	6.5 mm
MC100EP140DR2	Onsemi	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	8	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	ECL100K	GULL WING		-4.5 V	3.3 V	-4.5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP8,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G8		3.6 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	3 V	NECL MODE : VCC = 0V WITH VEE = -3V TO -3.6V		e0		235	4.9 mm
MC100EP140DR2G	Onsemi	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	8	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	ECL100K	GULL WING		-4.5 V	3.3 V	-4.5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP8,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	MATTE TIN	DUAL	R-PDSO-G8	1	3.6 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	3 V	NECL MODE : VCC = 0V WITH VEE = -3V TO -3.6V		e3	30	260	4.9 mm
MC100LVEL40DW	Onsemi	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	20	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	ECL	GULL WING			3.3 V	3.3/5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP20,.4	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G20	1	5.5 V	2.65 mm	7.5 mm	Not Qualified	3 V	NECL MODE OPERATING RANGE: VCC = 0 V WITH VEE = -3.0 V TO -5.5 V		e0		235	12.8 mm
MC100LVEL40DWG	Onsemi	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	20	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	ECL	GULL WING			3.3 V	3.3/5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP20,.4	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	MATTE TIN	DUAL	R-PDSO-G20	3	5.5 V	2.65 mm	7.5 mm	Not Qualified	3 V	NECL MODE OPERATING RANGE: VCC = 0 V WITH VEE = -3.0 V TO -5.5 V		e3	30	260	12.8 mm
MC10LVEL40DWR2G	Onsemi	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	20	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING			3.3 V	3.3/5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP20,.4	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	MATTE TIN	DUAL	R-PDSO-G20		5.5 V	2.65 mm	7.5 mm	Not Qualified	3 V	NECL MODE : VCC = 0V WITH VEE = -3V TO -5.5V		e3			12.8 mm
MC100EP40DTR2	Onsemi	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	20	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	ECL100K	GULL WING			3.3 V	-3/-5.5/3.3/5	SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP20,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G20		5.5 V	1.2 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	3 V	NECL MODE : VCC = 0V WITH VEE = -3V TO -5.5V		e4		260	6.5 mm
MC100LVEL40DWR2G	Onsemi	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	20	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	ECL	GULL WING			3.3 V	3.3/5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP20,.4	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	TIN	DUAL	R-PDSO-G20	3	5.5 V	2.65 mm	7.5 mm	Not Qualified	3 V	NECL MODE OPERATING RANGE: VCC = 0 V WITH VEE = -3.0 V TO -5.5 V		e3	30	260	12.8 mm
MC10LVEL40DW	Onsemi	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	20	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING			3.3 V	3.3/5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP20,.4	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G20		5.5 V	2.65 mm	7.5 mm	Not Qualified	3 V	NECL MODE : VCC = 0V WITH VEE = -3V TO -5.5V		e0			12.8 mm
MC10LVEL40DWG	Onsemi	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	20	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING			3.3 V	3.3/5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP20,.4	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	MATTE TIN	DUAL	R-PDSO-G20		5.5 V	2.65 mm	7.5 mm	Not Qualified	3 V	NECL MODE : VCC = 0V WITH VEE = -3V TO -5.5V		e3			12.8 mm
MCH1214OD	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE DETECTOR	OTHER	8	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	52 mA	1		GULL WING	-5.5 V	-5.2 V			SMALL OUTLINE	SOP8,.25		1.27 mm	70 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G8			1.75 mm	3.9 mm				-4.75 V				4.9 mm
IMI4350PB	Infineon Technologies	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	8	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY			CMOS	THROUGH-HOLE				3/5	IN-LINE	DIP8,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	2.54 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDIP-T8					Not Qualified				e0
IMI4343YB	Infineon Technologies	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	8	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY			CMOS	GULL WING				3/5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP8,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G8					Not Qualified				e0
IMI4347PB	Infineon Technologies	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	8	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY			CMOS	THROUGH-HOLE				3/5	IN-LINE	DIP8,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	2.54 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDIP-T8					Not Qualified				e0
IMI4347YB	Infineon Technologies	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	8	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY			CMOS	GULL WING				3/5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP8,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G8					Not Qualified				e0
IMI4350YB	Infineon Technologies	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	8	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY			CMOS	GULL WING				3/5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP8,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G8					Not Qualified				e0
PT7V4050TATHA30.720/16.665	Diodes Incorporated	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		THROUGH-HOLE			5 V		IN-LINE			2.54 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDIP-T16		5.5 V	4.58 mm	7.62 mm		4.5 V	SEATED HEIGHT CALCULATED					20.32 mm
PT7V4050GATCA22.1184/19.440	Diodes Incorporated	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	16	SON	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		NO LEAD			5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			2.54 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-N16		5.5 V	4.15 mm	10.16 mm		4.5 V						20.32 mm
PT7V4050GACGA20.000/20.6208	Diodes Incorporated	PHASE DETECTOR	COMMERCIAL	16	SON	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		NO LEAD			5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			2.54 mm	70 Cel	0 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-N16		5.5 V	4.15 mm	10.16 mm		4.5 V						20.32 mm
PT7V4050TATCA24.704/16.000	Diodes Incorporated	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		THROUGH-HOLE			5 V		IN-LINE			2.54 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDIP-T16		5.5 V	4.58 mm	7.62 mm		4.5 V	SEATED HEIGHT CALCULATED					20.32 mm
PT7V4050TACGA19.440/20.9715	Diodes Incorporated	PHASE DETECTOR	COMMERCIAL	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		THROUGH-HOLE			5 V		IN-LINE			2.54 mm	70 Cel	0 Cel		DUAL	R-PDIP-T16		5.5 V	4.58 mm	7.62 mm		4.5 V	SEATED HEIGHT CALCULATED					20.32 mm
PT7V4050TATGA38.880/15.360	Diodes Incorporated	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		THROUGH-HOLE			5 V		IN-LINE			2.54 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDIP-T16		5.5 V	4.58 mm	7.62 mm		4.5 V	SEATED HEIGHT CALCULATED					20.32 mm
PT7V4050TATCA24.576/20.000	Diodes Incorporated	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		THROUGH-HOLE			5 V		IN-LINE			2.54 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDIP-T16		5.5 V	4.58 mm	7.62 mm		4.5 V	SEATED HEIGHT CALCULATED					20.32 mm
PT7V4050TACFA33.330/17.664	Diodes Incorporated	PHASE DETECTOR	COMMERCIAL	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		THROUGH-HOLE			5 V		IN-LINE			2.54 mm	70 Cel	0 Cel		DUAL	R-PDIP-T16		5.5 V	4.58 mm	7.62 mm		4.5 V	SEATED HEIGHT CALCULATED					20.32 mm
PT7V4050TATFA33.330/12.288	Diodes Incorporated	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		THROUGH-HOLE			5 V		IN-LINE			2.54 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDIP-T16		5.5 V	4.58 mm	7.62 mm		4.5 V	SEATED HEIGHT CALCULATED					20.32 mm
PT7V4050GATCA34.368/23.7285	Diodes Incorporated	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	16	SON	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		NO LEAD			5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			2.54 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-N16		5.5 V	4.15 mm	10.16 mm		4.5 V						20.32 mm
PT7V4050TATHA17.920/15.360	Diodes Incorporated	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		THROUGH-HOLE			5 V		IN-LINE			2.54 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDIP-T16		5.5 V	4.58 mm	7.62 mm		4.5 V	SEATED HEIGHT CALCULATED					20.32 mm
PT7V4050TACHA16.000/12.288	Diodes Incorporated	PHASE DETECTOR	COMMERCIAL	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		THROUGH-HOLE			5 V		IN-LINE			2.54 mm	70 Cel	0 Cel		DUAL	R-PDIP-T16		5.5 V	4.58 mm	7.62 mm		4.5 V	SEATED HEIGHT CALCULATED					20.32 mm
PT7V4050GATFA16.777/17.664	Diodes Incorporated	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	16	SON	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		NO LEAD			5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			2.54 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-N16		5.5 V	4.15 mm	10.16 mm		4.5 V						20.32 mm
PT7V4050GATHA22.1184/20.9715	Diodes Incorporated	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	16	SON	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		NO LEAD			5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			2.54 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-N16		5.5 V	4.15 mm	10.16 mm		4.5 V						20.32 mm
PT7V4050TACCA49.152/23.7285	Diodes Incorporated	PHASE DETECTOR	COMMERCIAL	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		THROUGH-HOLE			5 V		IN-LINE			2.54 mm	70 Cel	0 Cel		DUAL	R-PDIP-T16		5.5 V	4.58 mm	7.62 mm		4.5 V	SEATED HEIGHT CALCULATED					20.32 mm
PT7V4050GATGA27.000/20.000	Diodes Incorporated	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	16	SON	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		NO LEAD			5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			2.54 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-N16		5.5 V	4.15 mm	10.16 mm		4.5 V						20.32 mm
PT7V4050TACGA24.704/16.665	Diodes Incorporated	PHASE DETECTOR	COMMERCIAL	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		THROUGH-HOLE			5 V		IN-LINE			2.54 mm	70 Cel	0 Cel		DUAL	R-PDIP-T16		5.5 V	4.58 mm	7.62 mm		4.5 V	SEATED HEIGHT CALCULATED					20.32 mm
PT7V4050TATGA24.576/17.184	Diodes Incorporated	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		THROUGH-HOLE			5 V		IN-LINE			2.54 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDIP-T16		5.5 V	4.58 mm	7.62 mm		4.5 V	SEATED HEIGHT CALCULATED					20.32 mm
PT7V4050GACCA16.128/20.9715	Diodes Incorporated	PHASE DETECTOR	COMMERCIAL	16	SON	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		NO LEAD			5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			2.54 mm	70 Cel	0 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-N16		5.5 V	4.15 mm	10.16 mm		4.5 V						20.32 mm
PT7V4050GBCHA12.288/12.288	Diodes Incorporated	PHASE DETECTOR	COMMERCIAL	16	SON	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		NO LEAD			5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			2.54 mm	70 Cel	0 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-N16		5.5 V	4.15 mm	10.16 mm		4.5 V						20.32 mm
PT7V4050TACGA41.2416/15.360	Diodes Incorporated	PHASE DETECTOR	COMMERCIAL	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		THROUGH-HOLE			5 V		IN-LINE			2.54 mm	70 Cel	0 Cel		DUAL	R-PDIP-T16		5.5 V	4.58 mm	7.62 mm		4.5 V	SEATED HEIGHT CALCULATED					20.32 mm
PT7V4050GACGA28.000/20.6208	Diodes Incorporated	PHASE DETECTOR	COMMERCIAL	16	SON	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		NO LEAD			5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			2.54 mm	70 Cel	0 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-N16		5.5 V	4.15 mm	10.16 mm		4.5 V						20.32 mm
PT7V4050TACCA19.440/12.500	Diodes Incorporated	PHASE DETECTOR	COMMERCIAL	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		THROUGH-HOLE			5 V		IN-LINE			2.54 mm	70 Cel	0 Cel		DUAL	R-PDIP-T16		5.5 V	4.58 mm	7.62 mm		4.5 V	SEATED HEIGHT CALCULATED					20.32 mm
PT7V4050TACCA40.960/20.000	Diodes Incorporated	PHASE DETECTOR	COMMERCIAL	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		THROUGH-HOLE			5 V		IN-LINE			2.54 mm	70 Cel	0 Cel		DUAL	R-PDIP-T16		5.5 V	4.58 mm	7.62 mm		4.5 V	SEATED HEIGHT CALCULATED					20.32 mm
PT7V4050GATCA18.432/24.704	Diodes Incorporated	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	16	SON	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		NO LEAD			5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			2.54 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-N16		5.5 V	4.15 mm	10.16 mm		4.5 V						20.32 mm
PT7V4050TBTGA35.328/12.288	Diodes Incorporated	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		THROUGH-HOLE			5 V		IN-LINE			2.54 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDIP-T16		5.5 V	4.58 mm	7.62 mm		4.5 V	SEATED HEIGHT CALCULATED					20.32 mm
PT7V4050TBTHA16.128/12.352	Diodes Incorporated	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		THROUGH-HOLE			5 V		IN-LINE			2.54 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDIP-T16		5.5 V	4.58 mm	7.62 mm		4.5 V	SEATED HEIGHT CALCULATED					20.32 mm
PT7V4050TACGA49.152/15.360	Diodes Incorporated	PHASE DETECTOR	COMMERCIAL	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		THROUGH-HOLE			5 V		IN-LINE			2.54 mm	70 Cel	0 Cel		DUAL	R-PDIP-T16		5.5 V	4.58 mm	7.62 mm		4.5 V	SEATED HEIGHT CALCULATED					20.32 mm
PT7V4050GATCA16.128/17.664	Diodes Incorporated	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	16	SON	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		NO LEAD			5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			2.54 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-N16		5.5 V	4.15 mm	10.16 mm		4.5 V						20.32 mm
PT7V4050GATFA35.328/16.000	Diodes Incorporated	PHASE DETECTOR	INDUSTRIAL	16	SON	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		NO LEAD			5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			2.54 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-N16		5.5 V	4.15 mm	10.16 mm		4.5 V						20.32 mm

Phase Locked Loops (PLL) & Frequency Synthesis Circuits

Phase Locked Loops (PLL) and Frequency Synthesis Circuits are electronic circuits used to generate and control stable and precise frequencies for use in various applications, such as communication systems, signal processing, and instrumentation.

A PLL is a feedback system that compares the phase of an input signal to the phase of a reference signal and adjusts the output frequency to match the reference frequency. The basic components of a PLL include a phase detector, a low-pass filter, a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), and a frequency divider. The phase detector compares the phase of the input and reference signals and generates an error signal that is filtered and used to adjust the frequency of the VCO. The output of the VCO is divided by a frequency divider to generate the output frequency. PLLs are commonly used for frequency synthesis, clock recovery, and phase modulation/demodulation.

Frequency synthesis circuits are electronic circuits used to generate precise and stable frequencies by combining multiple signals with different frequencies. These circuits use various techniques, such as direct digital synthesis (DDS), fractional-N synthesis, and frequency mixing to generate frequencies. DDS is a technique that uses a digital signal generator to generate a waveform with a specific frequency, phase, and amplitude. Fractional-N synthesis is a technique that uses a PLL to generate a frequency that is a fraction of the reference frequency. Frequency mixing is a technique that combines two signals with different frequencies to generate a signal with a frequency equal to the difference between the two frequencies.

PLLs and frequency synthesis circuits are critical components in many electronic systems that require precise and stable frequencies. These circuits are used in communication systems, signal processing, instrumentation, and other applications where accurate frequency generation and control is required.