PHASE LOCKED LOOP Phase Locked Loops (PLL) & Frequency Synthesis Circuits 498

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Part	Manufacturer	Other IC type	Temperature Grade	No. of Terminals	Package Code	Package Shape	Surface Mount	Package Body Material	Maximum Supply Current (Isup)	No. of Functions	Technology	Terminal Form	Nominal Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Power Supplies (V)	Package Style (Meter)	Package Equivalence Code	Sub-Category	Terminal Pitch	Maximum Operating Temperature	Minimum Operating Temperature	Terminal Finish	Terminal Position	JESD-30 Code	Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL)	Maximum Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Maximum Seated Height	Width (mm)	Qualification	Minimum Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Additional Features	JESD-609 Code	Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s)	Peak Reflow Temperature (C)	Length
74HC7046AN	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	AUTOMOTIVE	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V	2/6	IN-LINE	DIP16,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	2.54 mm	125 Cel	-40 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDIP-T16		6 V	4.7 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	3 V	WITH TWO PHASE COMPARATORS	e4			21.6 mm
74HC7046ATD	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	AUTOMOTIVE	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	125 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16		6 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	2 V					9.9 mm
74HC7046ATD-T	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	AUTOMOTIVE	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	125 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16		6 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	2 V					9.9 mm
74HCT7046AT	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	AUTOMOTIVE	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	125 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16		5.5 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V					9.9 mm
74HCT9046AT	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	AUTOMOTIVE	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	125 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16		5.5 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V	WITH TWO PHASE COMPARATORS				9.9 mm
74HC7046ADB,118	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	16	SSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V	2/6	SMALL OUTLINE, SHRINK PITCH	SOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	1	6 V	2 mm	5.3 mm	Not Qualified	2 V		e4			6.2 mm
HEF4046BD	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED		1	CMOS	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V	5/15	IN-LINE	DIP16,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	2.54 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-GDIP-T16		15 V	5.08 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	3 V	WITH TWO PHASE COMPARATORS
74HC7046APW-T	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE				85 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16		6 V			Not Qualified	2 V
74HC4046AT	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	AUTOMOTIVE	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	125 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16		6 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	2 V					9.9 mm
74HCT7046ADB	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE				85 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16		5.5 V			Not Qualified	4.5 V
74HCT7046ADB-T	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE				85 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16		5.5 V			Not Qualified	4.5 V
74HCT7046APW-T	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE				85 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16		5.5 V			Not Qualified	4.5 V
74HCT9046AN,699	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	AUTOMOTIVE	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V	5	IN-LINE	DIP16,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	2.54 mm	125 Cel	-40 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDIP-T16		5.5 V	4.7 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V		e4	30	260	21.6 mm
74HC7046AT-T	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	AUTOMOTIVE	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	125 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16		6 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	2 V					9.9 mm
74HCT4046ATD	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	AUTOMOTIVE	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	125 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16		5.5 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V					9.9 mm
74HC7046ADB,112	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	16	SSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V	2/6	SMALL OUTLINE, SHRINK PITCH	SSOP16,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	1	6 V	2 mm	5.3 mm	Not Qualified	2 V		e4			6.2 mm
74HCT7046AN	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	AUTOMOTIVE	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V	5	IN-LINE	DIP16,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	2.54 mm	125 Cel	-40 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDIP-T16		5.5 V	4.7 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V	WITH TWO PHASE COMPARATORS	e4			21.6 mm
74HCT9046AT-T	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	AUTOMOTIVE	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	125 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16		5.5 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V	WITH TWO PHASE COMPARATORS				9.9 mm
74HC7046ADB-T	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	16	SSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	1	6 V	2 mm	5.3 mm	Not Qualified	2 V		e4			6.2 mm
74HC7046AD,118	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	AUTOMOTIVE	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V	2/6	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	125 Cel	-40 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	1	6 V			Not Qualified	3 V	WITH TWO PHASE COMPARATORS	e4
74HCT4046AT	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	AUTOMOTIVE	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	125 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16		5.5 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V					9.9 mm
74HCT7046AD,112	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	AUTOMOTIVE	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V	5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	125 Cel	-40 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	1	5.5 V			Not Qualified	4.5 V	WITH TWO PHASE COMPARATORS	e4
74HCT9046ADB-T	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	AUTOMOTIVE	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE				125 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16		5.5 V			Not Qualified	4.5 V
74HCT7046ATD	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	AUTOMOTIVE	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	125 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16		5.5 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V					9.9 mm
74HC7046APW	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE				85 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16		6 V			Not Qualified	2 V
HEF4046BPN	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		THROUGH-HOLE			IN-LINE			2.54 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	TIN	DUAL	R-PDIP-T16		15 V	4.7 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	3 V		e3			21.6 mm
74HC4046ATD	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	AUTOMOTIVE	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	125 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16		6 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	2 V					9.9 mm
74HC7046AD	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	AUTOMOTIVE	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V	2/6	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	125 Cel	-40 Cel	Nickel/Palladium/Gold (Ni/Pd/Au)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	1	6 V			Not Qualified	3 V	WITH TWO PHASE COMPARATORS	e4	30	260
74HCT4046AP	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	AUTOMOTIVE	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V		IN-LINE			2.54 mm	125 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDIP-T16		5.5 V	4.7 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V
74HCT7046AN,112	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	AUTOMOTIVE	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V	5	IN-LINE	DIP16,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	2.54 mm	125 Cel	-40 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDIP-T16		5.5 V	4.7 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V	WITH TWO PHASE COMPARATORS	e4			21.6 mm
HEF4046BT-T	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16		15 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	3 V	WITH TWO PHASE COMPARATORS				9.9 mm
74HCT9046AN,112	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	AUTOMOTIVE	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V	5	IN-LINE	DIP16,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	2.54 mm	125 Cel	-40 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDIP-T16		5.5 V	4.7 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V		e4			21.6 mm
74HCT4046ATD-T	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	AUTOMOTIVE	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	125 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16		5.5 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V					9.9 mm
74HC4046AP	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	AUTOMOTIVE	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V		IN-LINE			2.54 mm	125 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDIP-T16		6 V	4.7 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	2 V
74HC7046AD-T	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	AUTOMOTIVE	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE				125 Cel	-40 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	1	6 V			Not Qualified	3 V	WITH TWO PHASE COMPARATORS	e4
MC145181FTAR2	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	32	LFQFP	SQUARE	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	25 mA	1	BICMOS	GULL WING	2.5 V		FLATPACK, LOW PROFILE, FINE PITCH	QFP32,.28SQ,20		.5 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		QUAD	S-PQFP-G32		3.6 V	1.6 mm	5 mm		1.8 V					5 mm
74HCT7046APW	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE				85 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16		5.5 V			Not Qualified	4.5 V
74HC7046ADB	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	16	SSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V	2/6	SMALL OUTLINE, SHRINK PITCH	SSOP16,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	Nickel/Palladium/Gold (Ni/Pd/Au)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	1	6 V	2 mm	5.3 mm	Not Qualified	2 V		e4	30	260	6.2 mm
HEF4046BDF	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED		1		THROUGH-HOLE			IN-LINE			2.54 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-GDIP-T16		15 V	5.08 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	3 V
74HC7046AP	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	AUTOMOTIVE	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V		IN-LINE				125 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDIP-T16		6 V			Not Qualified	2 V
74HCT7046AT-T	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	AUTOMOTIVE	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	125 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16		5.5 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V					9.9 mm
74HC7046AD,112	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	AUTOMOTIVE	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V	2/6	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	125 Cel	-40 Cel	Nickel/Palladium/Gold (Ni/Pd/Au)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	1	6 V			Not Qualified	3 V	WITH TWO PHASE COMPARATORS	e4	30	260
74HCT9046APW	NXP Semiconductors	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	AUTOMOTIVE	16	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V	5	SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	125 Cel	-40 Cel	Nickel/Palladium/Gold (Ni/Pd/Au)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	1	5.5 V	1.1 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V		e4	30	260	5 mm
MAX2880EUE+	Maxim Integrated	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	16	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	3.3 V		SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	MATTE TIN	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	1	3.6 V	1.1 mm	4.4 mm		2.8 V		e3	30	260	5 mm
MAX3673ETN+	Maxim Integrated	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	56	HVQCCN	SQUARE	YES	UNSPECIFIED	175 mA	1	BICMOS	NO LEAD	3.3 V	3.3	CHIP CARRIER, HEAT SINK/SLUG, VERY THIN PROFILE	LCC56,.31SQ,20	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.5 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	MATTE TIN	QUAD	S-XQCC-N56	3	3.6 V	.8 mm	8 mm	Not Qualified	3 V		e3	30	260	8 mm
MAX3671ETN+	Maxim Integrated	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	INDUSTRIAL	56	HVQCCN	SQUARE	YES	UNSPECIFIED	175 mA	1	BICMOS	NO LEAD	3.3 V	3.3	CHIP CARRIER, HEAT SINK/SLUG, VERY THIN PROFILE	LCC56,.31SQ,20	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.5 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	MATTE TIN	QUAD	S-XQCC-N56	3	3.6 V	.8 mm	8 mm	Not Qualified	3 V		e3	30	260	8 mm
TD7626FN	Toshiba	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	52 mA		BIPOLAR	GULL WING	5 V	5	SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	SSOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-20 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16			1.6 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified						5 mm
TB31356AFL	Toshiba	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	OTHER	16	VQCCN	SQUARE	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	4.8 mA	2	BICMOS	NO LEAD	3 V	3	CHIP CARRIER, VERY THIN PROFILE	LCC16,.18SQ,25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel	TIN LEAD	QUAD	S-PQCC-N16		3.3 V	.9 mm	4 mm	Not Qualified	2.4 V		e0			4 mm

Phase Locked Loops (PLL) & Frequency Synthesis Circuits

Phase Locked Loops (PLL) and Frequency Synthesis Circuits are electronic circuits used to generate and control stable and precise frequencies for use in various applications, such as communication systems, signal processing, and instrumentation.

A PLL is a feedback system that compares the phase of an input signal to the phase of a reference signal and adjusts the output frequency to match the reference frequency. The basic components of a PLL include a phase detector, a low-pass filter, a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), and a frequency divider. The phase detector compares the phase of the input and reference signals and generates an error signal that is filtered and used to adjust the frequency of the VCO. The output of the VCO is divided by a frequency divider to generate the output frequency. PLLs are commonly used for frequency synthesis, clock recovery, and phase modulation/demodulation.

Frequency synthesis circuits are electronic circuits used to generate precise and stable frequencies by combining multiple signals with different frequencies. These circuits use various techniques, such as direct digital synthesis (DDS), fractional-N synthesis, and frequency mixing to generate frequencies. DDS is a technique that uses a digital signal generator to generate a waveform with a specific frequency, phase, and amplitude. Fractional-N synthesis is a technique that uses a PLL to generate a frequency that is a fraction of the reference frequency. Frequency mixing is a technique that combines two signals with different frequencies to generate a signal with a frequency equal to the difference between the two frequencies.

PLLs and frequency synthesis circuits are critical components in many electronic systems that require precise and stable frequencies. These circuits are used in communication systems, signal processing, instrumentation, and other applications where accurate frequency generation and control is required.