COMMERCIAL EXTENDED Phase Locked Loops (PLL) & Frequency Synthesis Circuits 114

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Part	Manufacturer	Other IC type	Temperature Grade	No. of Terminals	Package Code	Package Shape	Surface Mount	Package Body Material	Maximum Supply Current (Isup)	No. of Functions	Technology	Terminal Form	Nominal Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Power Supplies (V)	Package Style (Meter)	Package Equivalence Code	Sub-Category	Terminal Pitch	Maximum Operating Temperature	Minimum Operating Temperature	Terminal Finish	Terminal Position	JESD-30 Code	Maximum Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Maximum Seated Height	Width (mm)	Qualification	Minimum Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Additional Features	JESD-609 Code	Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s)	Peak Reflow Temperature (C)	Length
TSA5514AT-T	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	20	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	80 Cel	-10 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G20	5.5 V	2.65 mm	7.5 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V					12.8 mm
TSA5512MDK-T	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	20	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	80 Cel	-10 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G20	5.5 V	1.5 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V					6.5 mm
TSA5512TD	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	80 Cel	-10 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V		e4			9.9 mm
935184340518	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	80 Cel	-10 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V					9.9 mm
TSA5512TD-T	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	80 Cel	-10 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V		e4			9.9 mm
TSA5511	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	18	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		THROUGH-HOLE	5 V		IN-LINE			2.54 mm	80 Cel	-10 Cel		DUAL	R-PDIP-T18	5.5 V	4.7 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V	ADDITIONAL DIVIDE BY 8 PRESCALER				21.6 mm
TSA5514T	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	80 Cel	-10 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V					9.9 mm
935196640112	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	18	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		THROUGH-HOLE	5 V		IN-LINE			2.54 mm	80 Cel	-10 Cel		DUAL	R-PDIP-T18	5.5 V	4.7 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V			40	245	21.6 mm
TSA5515TD-T	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	14	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	80 Cel	-10 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G14	5.5 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V					8.65 mm
TSA5512T-T	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	80 Cel	-10 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V					9.9 mm
TSA5511T	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	80 Cel	-10 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V	ADDITIONAL DIVIDE BY 8 PRESCALER				9.9 mm
TSA5512AT	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	20	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	80 Cel	-10 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G20	5.5 V	2.65 mm	7.5 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V					12.8 mm
TSA5514AT	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	20	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	80 Cel	-10 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G20	5.5 V	2.65 mm	7.5 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V					12.8 mm
TSA5511/C4	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	18	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		THROUGH-HOLE	5 V		IN-LINE			2.54 mm	80 Cel	-10 Cel		DUAL	R-PDIP-T18	5.5 V	4.7 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V					21.6 mm
TSA5511T-T	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	80 Cel	-10 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V	ADDITIONAL DIVIDE BY 8 PRESCALER				9.9 mm
TSA5511TD-T	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	80 Cel	-10 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16		1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified						9.9 mm
TSA5511AT-T	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	20	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	80 Cel	-10 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G20	5.5 V	2.65 mm	7.5 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V	ADDITIONAL DIVIDE BY 8 PRESCALER				12.8 mm
SAA1057N	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	18	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	BIPOLAR	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V		IN-LINE			2.54 mm	80 Cel	-25 Cel		DUAL	R-PDIP-T18	12 V	4.06 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	3.6 V	ADDITIONAL DIVIDE BY 10 PRESCALER				23.37 mm
TSA5512M-T	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	20	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	80 Cel	-10 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G20	5.5 V	1.5 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V					6.5 mm
TSA5512M	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	20	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	50 mA	1	BIPOLAR	GULL WING	5 V	5	SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP20,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	80 Cel	-10 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G20	5.5 V	1.5 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V					6.5 mm
TSA5514T-T	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	80 Cel	-10 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V					9.9 mm
TSA5512T	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	50 mA	1	BIPOLAR	GULL WING	5 V	5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	80 Cel	-10 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V		e4			9.9 mm
SDA3302X4	Infineon Technologies		COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	14	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY			BIPOLAR	GULL WING	5 V	5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP14,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	80 Cel	-20 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G14				Not Qualified			e0
SDA3412X	Infineon Technologies		COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	20	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY			BIPOLAR	GULL WING	5 V	5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP20,.4	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	80 Cel	-20 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G20				Not Qualified			e0
SDA3402X	Infineon Technologies		COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	20	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY			BIPOLAR	GULL WING	5 V	5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP20,.4	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	80 Cel	-20 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G20				Not Qualified			e0
SDA3302	Infineon Technologies		COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	18	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY			BIPOLAR	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V	5	IN-LINE	DIP18,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	2.54 mm	80 Cel	-20 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDIP-T18				Not Qualified			e0
SDA3302-2	Infineon Technologies		COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	18	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY			BIPOLAR	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V	5	IN-LINE	DIP18,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	2.54 mm	80 Cel	-20 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDIP-T18				Not Qualified			e0
SDA3412X6	Infineon Technologies		COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY			BIPOLAR	GULL WING	5 V	5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	80 Cel	-20 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16				Not Qualified			e0
SDA3412	Infineon Technologies		COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	18	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY			BIPOLAR	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V	5	IN-LINE	DIP18,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	2.54 mm	80 Cel	-20 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDIP-T18				Not Qualified			e0
SDA3302X6	Infineon Technologies		COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY			BIPOLAR	GULL WING	5 V	5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	80 Cel	-20 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16				Not Qualified			e0
SDA6102X	Infineon Technologies		COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY			BIPOLAR	GULL WING	5 V	5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	80 Cel	-20 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16				Not Qualified			e0
SDA6102-5X	Infineon Technologies		COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY			BIPOLAR	GULL WING	5 V	5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	80 Cel	-20 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16				Not Qualified			e0
SDA3302X	Infineon Technologies		COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	20	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY			BIPOLAR	GULL WING	5 V	5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP20,.4	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	80 Cel	-20 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G20				Not Qualified			e0
SDA3302-4	Infineon Technologies		COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	14	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY			BIPOLAR	GULL WING	5 V	5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP14,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	80 Cel	-20 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G14				Not Qualified			e0
TD6382N	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	20	SDIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY	66 mA	1	BIPOLAR	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V	5	IN-LINE, SHRINK PITCH	SDIP20,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.778 mm	75 Cel	-20 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDIP-T20	5.5 V	4.5 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V		e0			18.6 mm
TC9227P	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	22	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V		IN-LINE			2.54 mm	75 Cel	-30 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDIP-T22	5.5 V	4.9 mm	10.16 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V		e0			27.3 mm
TC9228P	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	22	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V		IN-LINE			2.54 mm	75 Cel	-30 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDIP-T22	5.5 V	4.9 mm	10.16 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V		e0			27.3 mm
TD6382Z	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	21	SZIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY	66 mA	1	BIPOLAR	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V	5	IN-LINE, SHRINK PITCH	ZIP21,.1,35	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.89 mm	75 Cel	-20 Cel	TIN LEAD	ZIG-ZAG	R-PZIP-T21	5.5 V	8.03 mm	3.2 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V		e0			19.4 mm
TD6359P	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	20	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY	80 mA	1	BIPOLAR	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V	5	IN-LINE	DIP20,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	2.54 mm	75 Cel	-20 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDIP-T20	5.5 V	4.45 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V		e0			24.6 mm
TD6358P	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	20	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY	80 mA	1	BIPOLAR	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V	5	IN-LINE	DIP20,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	2.54 mm	75 Cel	-20 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDIP-T20	5.5 V	4.45 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V		e0			24.6 mm
TD6358N	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	20	SDIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY	80 mA	1	BIPOLAR	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V	5	IN-LINE, SHRINK PITCH	SDIP20,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.778 mm	75 Cel	-20 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDIP-T20	5.5 V	4.5 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V		e0			18.6 mm
TD6351P	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY	120 mA	1	BIPOLAR	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V		IN-LINE			2.54 mm	75 Cel	-20 Cel		DUAL	R-PDIP-T16	5.5 V	4.45 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V	5-BIT AUXILIARY INPUT COUNTER				19.25 mm
TD6380N	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	20	SDIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY	66 mA	1	BIPOLAR	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V	5	IN-LINE, SHRINK PITCH	SDIP20,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.778 mm	75 Cel	-20 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDIP-T20	5.5 V	4.5 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V		e0			18.6 mm
TD6380P	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	20	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY	66 mA	1	BIPOLAR	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V	5	IN-LINE	DIP20,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	2.54 mm	75 Cel	-20 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDIP-T20	5.5 V	4.45 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V		e0			24.6 mm
TD6359N	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	20	SDIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY	80 mA	1	BIPOLAR	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V	5	IN-LINE, SHRINK PITCH	SDIP20,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.778 mm	75 Cel	-20 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDIP-T20	5.5 V	4.5 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V		e0			18.6 mm
TD7603Z	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	21	ZIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY	41 mA	1	BIPOLAR	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V	5	IN-LINE	ZIP21,.1,35	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.89 mm	75 Cel	-20 Cel		ZIG-ZAG	R-PZIP-T21	5.5 V	8.03 mm	3.2 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V	SELECTABLE 1/32 OR 1/33 PRESCALER		NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	19.4 mm
TD6381Z	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	21	SZIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY	66 mA	1	BIPOLAR	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V	5	IN-LINE, SHRINK PITCH	ZIP21,.1,35	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.89 mm	75 Cel	-20 Cel	TIN LEAD	ZIG-ZAG	R-PZIP-T21	5.5 V	8.03 mm	3.2 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V		e0			19.4 mm
TD6380Z	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	21	SZIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY	66 mA	1	BIPOLAR	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V	5	IN-LINE, SHRINK PITCH	ZIP21,.1,35	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.89 mm	75 Cel	-20 Cel	TIN LEAD	ZIG-ZAG	R-PZIP-T21	5.5 V	8.03 mm	3.2 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V		e0			19.4 mm

Phase Locked Loops (PLL) & Frequency Synthesis Circuits

Phase Locked Loops (PLL) and Frequency Synthesis Circuits are electronic circuits used to generate and control stable and precise frequencies for use in various applications, such as communication systems, signal processing, and instrumentation.

A PLL is a feedback system that compares the phase of an input signal to the phase of a reference signal and adjusts the output frequency to match the reference frequency. The basic components of a PLL include a phase detector, a low-pass filter, a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), and a frequency divider. The phase detector compares the phase of the input and reference signals and generates an error signal that is filtered and used to adjust the frequency of the VCO. The output of the VCO is divided by a frequency divider to generate the output frequency. PLLs are commonly used for frequency synthesis, clock recovery, and phase modulation/demodulation.

Frequency synthesis circuits are electronic circuits used to generate precise and stable frequencies by combining multiple signals with different frequencies. These circuits use various techniques, such as direct digital synthesis (DDS), fractional-N synthesis, and frequency mixing to generate frequencies. DDS is a technique that uses a digital signal generator to generate a waveform with a specific frequency, phase, and amplitude. Fractional-N synthesis is a technique that uses a PLL to generate a frequency that is a fraction of the reference frequency. Frequency mixing is a technique that combines two signals with different frequencies to generate a signal with a frequency equal to the difference between the two frequencies.

PLLs and frequency synthesis circuits are critical components in many electronic systems that require precise and stable frequencies. These circuits are used in communication systems, signal processing, instrumentation, and other applications where accurate frequency generation and control is required.