Renesas Electronics Power Management ICs 2,400+

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Part	Manufacturer	Other IC type	Temperature Grade	No. of Terminals	Package Code	Package Shape	Surface Mount	Package Body Material	Maximum Supply Current (Isup)	No. of Functions	No. of Channels	Technology	Terminal Form	Nominal Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Power Supplies (V)	Package Style (Meter)	Package Equivalence Code	Sub-Category	Terminal Pitch	Maximum Operating Temperature	Minimum Operating Temperature	Terminal Finish	Terminal Position	JESD-30 Code	Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL)	Maximum Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Maximum Seated Height	Width (mm)	Qualification	Minimum Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Additional Features	JESD-609 Code	Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s)	Peak Reflow Temperature (C)	Nominal Threshold Voltage (V)	Length	Adjustable Threshold
X40020S14-AT1	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT	COMMERCIAL	14	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	3 mA	1	1	CMOS	GULL WING	3 V		SMALL OUTLINE	SOP14,.25		1.27 mm	70 Cel	0 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G14		5.5 V	1.7272 mm	3.9116 mm		2.7 V					+4.6V	8.6614 mm	YES
X4643S8I-2.7	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT	INDUSTRIAL	8	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	3 mA	1	1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE	SOP8,.25		1.27 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G8		5.5 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm		2.7 V					+2.62V	7.89 mm	YES
X4045PZ	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT	COMMERCIAL	8	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	1	CMOS	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V		IN-LINE			2.54 mm	70 Cel	0 Cel	MATTE TIN	DUAL	R-PDIP-T8		5.5 V	4.32 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V	RESET THRESHOLD VOLTAGE IS 4.38V; SELECTABLE WATCHDOG TIMER, POWER ON RESET	e3			+4.38V	10.03 mm	YES
ISL9307IRTWCWNZ-T	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY SUPPORT CIRCUIT	INDUSTRIAL																			MATTE TIN			3							e3	30	260
X4645V8I	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT	INDUSTRIAL	8	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	3 mA	1	1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP8,.25		.65 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G8		5.5 V	1.2 mm	3 mm		4.5 V					+4.38V	4.4 mm	YES
ISL70321SEHX/SAMPLE	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY SUPPORT CIRCUIT																				NOT APPLICABLE											NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED
X4283S8I-2.7	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT	INDUSTRIAL	8	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G8	1	5.5 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	2.7 V	RESET THRESHOLD VOLTAGE IS 2.62V	e0			+2.62V	4.89 mm	YES
X40430S14-A	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT	COMMERCIAL	14	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	3 mA	1	3	CMOS	GULL WING	3 V	3/5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP14,.25	Power Management Circuits	1.27 mm	70 Cel	0 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G14	1	5.5 V	1.7272 mm	3.9116 mm	Not Qualified	2.7 V	MANUAL RESET INPUT	e0				8.6614 mm	YES
HIP6501ACB	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY SUPPORT CIRCUIT	COMMERCIAL	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	3		GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE	SOP16,.25		1.27 mm	70 Cel	0 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16		5.25 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm		4.75 V	ALSO HAS SECONDARY BIAS VOLTAGE= 12V, also POR IS 10.8V		NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	+10.8V	9.9 mm	NO
X40030V14-AT1	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT	COMMERCIAL	14	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	3 mA	1	3	CMOS	GULL WING	3 V	3/5	SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP14,.25	Power Management Circuits	.65 mm	70 Cel	0 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G14	1	5.5 V	1.2 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	2.7 V	MANUAL RESET INPUT	e0				5 mm	YES
R2A20057BM#W0	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY SUPPORT CIRCUIT
X4005S8IZ	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT	INDUSTRIAL	8	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	3 mA	1	1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V	5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP8,.25	Power Management Circuits	1.27 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	MATTE TIN	DUAL	R-PDSO-G8	1	5.5 V	1.7272 mm	3.9116 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V	RESET THRESHOLD VOLTAGE IS 4.38V	e3	30	260	+4.38V	4.9022 mm	YES
X40014V8I-B	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT	INDUSTRIAL	8	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	3 mA	1	1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP8,.25		.65 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G8		5.5 V	1.2 mm	3 mm		2.7 V					+2.6V	4.4 mm	YES
X4285S8Z-2.7	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT	COMMERCIAL	8	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	70 Cel	0 Cel	MATTE TIN	DUAL	R-PDSO-G8		5.5 V	1.7272 mm	3.9116 mm	Not Qualified	2.7 V	RESET THRESHOLD VOLTAGE IS 2.62V	e3			+2.62V	4.9022 mm	YES
X40031V14I-BT1	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT	INDUSTRIAL	14	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	3 mA	1	3	CMOS	GULL WING	3 V	3/5	SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP14,.25	Power Management Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G14	1	5.5 V	1.2 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	2.7 V	MANUAL RESET INPUT	e0				5 mm	YES
ISL735CEHVX	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT
ISL736BEHF/PROTO	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT
X80142Q20I	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY SUPPORT CIRCUIT	INDUSTRIAL	20	HVQCCN	SQUARE	YES	UNSPECIFIED		1	4		NO LEAD	5 V		CHIP CARRIER, HEAT SINK/SLUG, VERY THIN PROFILE			.65 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		QUAD	S-XQCC-N20		5.5 V	.85 mm	5 mm		4.5 V						5 mm	YES
X5163PIZ-4.5A	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT	INDUSTRIAL	8	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	1		THROUGH-HOLE	5 V		IN-LINE			2.54 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	MATTE TIN	DUAL	R-PDIP-T8		5.5 V	5.33 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V	WATCHDOG TIMER	e3				9.585 mm	YES
M62747ML	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY SUPPORT CIRCUIT	OTHER	3		RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	1		FLAT	2.7 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.5 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel		SINGLE	R-PSSO-F3		7 V	1.6 mm	2.5 mm	Not Qualified	1.5 V	DETECTION THRESHOLD VOLTAGE IS 2.39V				+2.39V		NO
X4645V8-2.7	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT	COMMERCIAL	8	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	3 mA	1	1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP8,.25		.65 mm	70 Cel	0 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G8		5.5 V	1.2 mm	3 mm		2.7 V					+2.62V	4.4 mm	YES
X40020S14I-CT1	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT	INDUSTRIAL	14	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	3 mA	1	1	CMOS	GULL WING	3 V		SMALL OUTLINE	SOP14,.25		1.27 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G14		5.5 V	1.7272 mm	3.9116 mm		2.7 V					+2.9V	8.6614 mm	YES
R2A20057BM	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY SUPPORT CIRCUIT	OTHER	25	FBGA	SQUARE	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	2000 mA				BALL	5 V	5	GRID ARRAY, FINE PITCH	BGA25,5X5,16	Power Management Circuits	.4 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel		BOTTOM	S-PBGA-B25					Not Qualified
X40434V14IZ-A	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT	INDUSTRIAL	14	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	3	CMOS	GULL WING	3 V		SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	Matte Tin (Sn)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G14	5	5.5 V	1.2 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	2.7 V	MANUAL RESET INPUT	e3	40	260		5 mm	YES
ISL9307IRTAANYZ-T	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY SUPPORT CIRCUIT	INDUSTRIAL																			MATTE TIN			3							e3	30	260
ISL9205AIRZ-T	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY SUPPORT CIRCUIT	INDUSTRIAL	16	HVSON	SQUARE	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	1		NO LEAD	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE, HEAT SINK/SLUG, VERY THIN PROFILE			.5 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	MATTE TIN	DUAL	S-PDSO-N16	2	6.5 V	1 mm	3 mm		4.25 V	NOMINAL BATTERY VOLTAGE IS 4.2	e3	30	260		3 mm	YES
X4003M8-2.7	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT	COMMERCIAL	8	TSSOP	SQUARE	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	3 mA	1	1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V	3/5	SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP8,.19	Power Management Circuits	.65 mm	70 Cel	0 Cel		DUAL	S-PDSO-G8	1	5.5 V	1.1 mm	3 mm	Not Qualified	2.7 V	RESET THRESHOLD VOLTAGE IS 2.62V				+2.62V	3 mm	YES
X5043M8Z	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT	COMMERCIAL	8	TSSOP	SQUARE	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	70 Cel	0 Cel	MATTE TIN	DUAL	S-PDSO-G8	2	5.5 V	1.1 mm	3 mm		4.5 V	DETECTION THRESHOLD VOLTAGE IS 4.38	e3	30	260	+4.38V	3 mm	NO
ISL9238HRTZ-T7A	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY SUPPORT CIRCUIT	OTHER	32	HVQCCN	SQUARE	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	2		NO LEAD	5 V		CHIP CARRIER, HEAT SINK/SLUG, VERY THIN PROFILE			.4 mm	100 Cel	-10 Cel	MATTE TIN	QUAD	S-PQCC-N32	3	23 V	.75 mm	4 mm		4 V		e3				4 mm	YES
X4643V8I-2.7A	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT	INDUSTRIAL	8	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	3 mA	1	1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP8,.25		.65 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G8		5.5 V	1.2 mm	3 mm		2.7 V					+2.92V	4.4 mm	YES
P9241-GNDGI8	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY SUPPORT CIRCUIT	INDUSTRIAL	48	HVQCCN	SQUARE	YES	UNSPECIFIED		1	2		NO LEAD	5 V		CHIP CARRIER, HEAT SINK/SLUG, VERY THIN PROFILE	LCC48,.24SQ,16		.4 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	TIN	QUAD	S-XQCC-N48	3	19 V	1 mm	6 mm		4.25 V		e3		260		6 mm	NO
M61040FP	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY SUPPORT CIRCUIT	OTHER	20	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	.28 mA	1	1	CMOS	GULL WING	14 V	14	SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP20,.25	Power Management Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-20 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G20		30 V	1.1 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	6.2 V						6.6 mm	NO
X5643S14-2.7A	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT	COMMERCIAL	14	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	1		GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	70 Cel	0 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G14		5.5 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm		2.7 V						8.65 mm	YES
X4005S8	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT	COMMERCIAL	8	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	3 mA	1	1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V	5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP8,.25	Power Management Circuits	1.27 mm	70 Cel	0 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G8	1	5.5 V	1.7272 mm	3.9116 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V	RESET THRESHOLD VOLTAGE IS 4.38V	e0			+4.38V	4.9022 mm	YES
ISL95906IIZ-T	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY SUPPORT CIRCUIT																				TIN SILVER COPPER			1							e1
X5649P	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT	COMMERCIAL	8	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	1	CMOS	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V		IN-LINE			2.54 mm	70 Cel	0 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDIP-T8		5.5 V	5.33 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V		e0				9.585 mm	YES
X4283S8I-2.7AT1	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT	INDUSTRIAL	8	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G8	1	5.5 V	1.7272 mm	3.9116 mm	Not Qualified	2.7 V	RESET THRESHOLD VOLTAGE IS 2.92V				+2.92V	4.9022 mm	YES
ISL91212BIIZ-TR5772	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT
X40035V14I-C	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT	INDUSTRIAL	14	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	3 mA	1	3	CMOS	GULL WING	3 V	3/5	SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP14,.25	Power Management Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G14	1	5.5 V	1.2 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	2.7 V	MANUAL RESET INPUT	e0				5 mm	YES
X40420S14Z-BT1	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT	COMMERCIAL	14	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	2	CMOS	GULL WING	3 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	70 Cel	0 Cel	MATTE TIN	DUAL	R-PDSO-G14	3	5.5 V	1.7272 mm	3.9116 mm	Not Qualified	2.7 V	MANUAL RESET INPUT	e3	30	260		8.6614 mm	YES
ISL9519HRTZ	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY SUPPORT CIRCUIT		28	QCCN	RECTANGULAR	YES	UNSPECIFIED		1	1		NO LEAD			CHIP CARRIER						MATTE TIN	QUAD	R-XQCC-N28	3	22 V				4.5 V		e3	30	260			YES
X40431V14-C	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT	COMMERCIAL	14	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	3 mA	1	3	CMOS	GULL WING	3 V	3/5	SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP14,.25	Power Management Circuits	.65 mm	70 Cel	0 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G14	1	5.5 V	1.2 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	2.7 V	MANUAL RESET INPUT	e0				5 mm	YES
X40434V14I-C	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT	INDUSTRIAL	14	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	3 mA	1	3	CMOS	GULL WING	3 V	3/5	SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP14,.25	Power Management Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G14	1	5.5 V	1.2 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	2.7 V	MANUAL RESET INPUT	e0				5 mm	YES
X4043S8ZT1	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT	COMMERCIAL	8	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	70 Cel	0 Cel	Matte Tin (Sn) - annealed	DUAL	R-PDSO-G8	1	5.5 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V	RESET THRESHOLD VOLTAGE IS 4.38V; SELECTABLE WATCHDOG TIMER, POWER ON RESET	e3	30	260	+4.38V	4.9 mm	YES
HA16117FPCJ	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT	INDUSTRIAL	8	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	.6 mA	1	1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE	SOP8,.25		1.27 mm	85 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G8		6 V	2.03 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	3.9 V					+4V	4.85 mm	YES
X5083S8Z	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT																				MATTE TIN			1							e3	30	260
ZSPM4121AI1W21	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY SUPPORT CIRCUIT	OTHER	8	HVSON	SQUARE	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	1		NO LEAD	1.8 V		SMALL OUTLINE, HEAT SINK/SLUG, VERY THIN PROFILE	SOLCC8,.08,20		.5 mm	55 Cel	-20 Cel	MATTE TIN	DUAL	S-PDSO-N8	1	5.5 V	1 mm	2 mm		1.2 V		e3		260	+2.1V	2 mm	YES
M51956BL	Renesas Electronics	POWER SUPPLY SUPPORT CIRCUIT	OTHER	5	SIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY	.54 mA	1	1		THROUGH-HOLE	5 V	2/17	IN-LINE	SIP5,.03	Power Management Circuits	2.54 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel		SINGLE	R-PSIP-T5		17 V	6.1 mm	1.97 mm	Not Qualified	2 V	DETECTION THRESHOLD VOLTAGE IS 1.25V				+1.25V	11.7 mm	NO

Power Management ICs

Power Management ICs (PMICs) are electronic components that are used to regulate and manage the power supply in electronic systems. They are used to optimize power usage, reduce power consumption, and increase battery life in portable devices.

PMICs typically include a range of components such as voltage regulators, power switches, and battery management circuits. Voltage regulators are used to maintain a stable voltage output despite fluctuations in the input voltage or load. Power switches are used to control the flow of power in a circuit, and battery management circuits are used to monitor and manage the charging and discharging of batteries.

PMICs are used in a wide range of applications, including mobile phones, laptops, tablets, and other portable devices. They are also used in automotive electronics, power supplies, and industrial automation systems. PMICs play a critical role in managing power consumption in electronic systems, reducing energy waste and extending battery life.

One of the key advantages of PMICs is their ability to provide multiple functions in a single package, reducing the number of components needed in a system and simplifying design. They also help to improve system reliability by protecting against overvoltage, overcurrent, and overtemperature conditions.