ROUND Voltage References 1,808

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Part RoHS Manufacturer Other IC type Temperature Grade No. of Terminals Package Code Package Shape Surface Mount Total Dose (V) Package Body Material Maximum Supply Current (Isup) Maximum Output Current Trim or Adjustable Output (V) No. of Functions Technology Screening Level Nominal Bandwidth Terminal Form Main Out Ripple Voltage Maximum Negative Supply Voltage (Vsup) Nominal Supply Voltage (Vsup) Maximum Voltage Tolerance Package Style (Meter) Package Equivalence Code Sub-Category Terminal Pitch Maximum Operating Temperature Minimum Output Voltage Minimum Operating Temperature Max Voltage Temp Coef Terminal Finish Maximum Output Voltage Terminal Position JESD-30 Code Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) Maximum Supply Voltage (Vsup) Maximum Seated Height Width (mm) Qualification Minimum Supply Voltage (Vsup) Additional Features Minimum Negative Supply Voltage (Vsup) JESD-609 Code Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s) No. of Outputs Peak Reflow Temperature (C) Length Nominal Output Voltage

AD580KH/+

Analog Devices

COMMERCIAL

3

ROUND

METAL

NO

BIPOLAR

WIRE

1 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN3/4,.1

Voltage References

70 Cel

0 Cel

40 ppm/Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W3

e0

2.5 V

AD680JT

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

COMMERCIAL

3

ROUND

NO

METAL

.28 mA

NO

1

BIPOLAR

WIRE

5 V

.4 %

CYLINDRICAL

SIP3,.1,50

Voltage References

1.27 mm

70 Cel

2.49 V

0 Cel

30 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

2.51 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W3

36 V

Not Qualified

4.5 V

e0

1

2.5 V

LM385BZ-1.2#PBF

Analog Devices

TWO TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

COMMERCIAL

3

BCY

ROUND

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

.015 mA

NO

1

BIPOLAR

THROUGH-HOLE

1 %

CYLINDRICAL

SIP3,.1,50

1.27 mm

70 Cel

1.223 V

0 Cel

20 ppm/Cel

Matte Tin (Sn) - annealed

1.247 V

BOTTOM

O-PBCY-T3

Not Qualified

e3

1

1.235 V

5962R0051601VGA

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

ROUND

NO

100k Rad(Si)

METAL

YES

1

BIPOLAR

MIL-PRF-38535 Class V

UNSPECIFIED

15 V

.5 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN8,.2

Voltage References

125 Cel

4.975 V

-55 Cel

8.5 ppm/Cel

5.025 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-X8

33 V

Qualified

8 V

NOT SPECIFIED

1

NOT SPECIFIED

5 V

ADR291GT9

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

AUTOMOTIVE

3

ROUND

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

1

WIRE

3 V

.24 %

CYLINDRICAL

SIP3,.1,50

Voltage References

1.27 mm

125 Cel

2.494 V

-40 Cel

30 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

2.506 V

BOTTOM

O-PBCY-W3

1

15 V

Not Qualified

2.8 V

e0

1

240

2.5 V

LT1634CCZ-5#TR

Analog Devices

TWO TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

COMMERCIAL

3

TO-92

ROUND

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

1

BIPOLAR

THROUGH-HOLE

.375 %

CYLINDRICAL

SIP3,.1

1.27 mm

70 Cel

4.98126 V

0 Cel

25 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

5.01876 V

BOTTOM

O-PBCY-T3

e0

20

1

235

5 V

LT1021CCH-5#PBF

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

COMMERCIAL

8

BCY

ROUND

NO

METAL

1.5 mA

.01 A

YES

1

BIPOLAR

WIRE

10 V

.05 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN8,.2

70 Cel

4.9975 V

0 Cel

20 ppm/Cel

Matte Tin (Sn) - annealed

5.0025 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

40 V

7.2 V

e3

1

5 V

LT1021BMH-5/883B

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

BCY

ROUND

NO

METAL

.01 mA

YES

1

BIPOLAR

MIL-STD-883 Class B

WIRE

10 V

.5 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN8,.2

125 Cel

4.95 V

-55 Cel

5 ppm/Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

5.05 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

40 V

7.2 V

e0

1

5 V

ADR293GT9-REEL

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

AUTOMOTIVE

3

ROUND

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

1

THROUGH-HOLE

5.5 V

.2 %

CYLINDRICAL

SIP3,.1,50

Voltage References

1.27 mm

125 Cel

4.994 V

-40 Cel

30 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

5.006 V

BOTTOM

O-PBCY-T3

15 V

Not Qualified

5.5 V

e0

1

5 V

5962-01-112-7055

Analog Devices

MILITARY

3

ROUND

METAL

NO

BIPOLAR

WIRE

1 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN3/4,.1

Voltage References

125 Cel

-55 Cel

125 ppm/Cel

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W3

Not Qualified

2.5 V

LT1431CZ#TR

Analog Devices

TWO TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

COMMERCIAL

3

TO-92

ROUND

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

.1 A

YES

1

BIPOLAR

THROUGH-HOLE

.8 %

CYLINDRICAL

SIP3,.1,50

Voltage References

70 Cel

2.48 V

0 Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

2.52 V

BOTTOM

O-PBCY-W3

Not Qualified

e0

1

2.5 V

5962-3812802VGX

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

ROUND

NO

METAL

NO

1

UNSPECIFIED

15 V

CYLINDRICAL

125 Cel

9.99 V

-55 Cel

TIN LEAD

10.01 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-X8

30 V

Qualified

4.5 V

ADDITIONAL PROGRAMMABLE OUTPUTS OF 7.5V, 5V, 2.5V AVAILABLE

e0

4

10 V

5962-8688202XA

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

3

ROUND

NO

METAL

1 mA

NO

1

BIPOLAR

MIL-STD-883

WIRE

15 V

.1 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN3/4,.2

Voltage References

125 Cel

9.99 V

-55 Cel

9.09 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

10.01 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W3

1

33 V

Qualified

13 V

e0

20

1

245

10 V

LH0070-0H#PBF

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

3

ROUND

NO

METAL

5 mA

NO

1

WIRE

15 V

CYLINDRICAL

125 Cel

9.97 V

-55 Cel

11.111 ppm/Cel

GOLD

10.03 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W3

40 V

Not Qualified

11.4 V

e4

1

10 V

LM385BZ-2.5#TR

Analog Devices

TWO TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

COMMERCIAL

3

TO-92

ROUND

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

20 mA

NO

1

THROUGH-HOLE

1.5 %

CYLINDRICAL

SIP3,.1,50

1.27 mm

70 Cel

2.462 V

0 Cel

TIN LEAD

2.538 V

BOTTOM

O-PBCY-T3

e0

1

2.5 V

5962-8958102GA

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

TO-99

ROUND

NO

METAL

2 mA

YES

1

BIPOLAR

MIL-STD-883

WIRE

.5 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN8,.2

Voltage References

125 Cel

9.95 V

-55 Cel

25 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

10.05 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

33 V

Not Qualified

13 V

e0

1

10 V

5962-8688201XX

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

3

ROUND

NO

METAL

1 mA

.005 A

NO

1

BIPOLAR

MIL-STD-883

WIRE

.1 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN3/4,.2

125 Cel

9.99 V

-55 Cel

TIN LEAD

10.01 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W3

33 V

4.7 mm

Qualified

13 V

e0

1

9.02 mm

10 V

5962-01-321-2381

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

8

ROUND

NO

METAL

YES

1

MIL-STD-883

WIRE

15 V

.3 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN8,.2

125 Cel

9.97 V

-55 Cel

8.5 ppm/Cel

10.03 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

Not Qualified

1

10 V

REF43GJ

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

INDUSTRIAL

8

TO-99

ROUND

NO

METAL

.45 mA

NO

1

BIPOLAR

WIRE

5 V

.2 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN8,.2

Voltage References

85 Cel

2.495 V

-40 Cel

25 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

2.505 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

40 V

Not Qualified

4.5 V

e0

1

2.5 V

LM385Z-2.5#TRPBF

Analog Devices

TWO TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

COMMERCIAL

3

ROUND

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

1

BIPOLAR

THROUGH-HOLE

CYLINDRICAL

70 Cel

2.425 V

0 Cel

Matte Tin (Sn) - annealed

2.575 V

BOTTOM

O-PBCY-T3

Not Qualified

e3

1

2.5 V

5962-8980203XA

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

3

ROUND

NO

METAL

NO

1

MIL-STD-883

WIRE

15 V

CYLINDRICAL

125 Cel

-55 Cel

25 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

10.02 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W3

40 V

Not Qualified

11.5 V

e0

1

10 V

REF02AH/883B

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

ROUND

NO

METAL

YES

1

MIL-STD-883 Class B

WIRE

15 V

CYLINDRICAL

125 Cel

4.985 V

-55 Cel

8.5 ppm/Cel

5.015 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

40 V

Not Qualified

7 V

OUTPUT VOLTAGE CAN BE ADJUSTED OVER A 3 PERCENT RANGE

1

5 V

LH0070-1H#TRPBF

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

3

ROUND

NO

METAL

YES

1

WIRE

15 V

.3 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN3,.2

125 Cel

9.99 V

-55 Cel

10.01 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W3

40 V

11.4 V

1

10 V

LT1034CZ-1.2

Analog Devices

TWO TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

COMMERCIAL

3

ROUND

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

.02 mA

NO

1

THROUGH-HOLE

CYLINDRICAL

70 Cel

1.205 V

0 Cel

40 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

1.245 V

BOTTOM

O-PBCY-T3

Not Qualified

ALSO CONTAINS AN AUXILIARY REFERENCE OF 7V

e0

2

1.225 V

REF-01EJ

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

INDUSTRIAL

8

ROUND

NO

METAL

1.4 mA

YES

1

BIPOLAR

WIRE

15 V

.3 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN8,.2

Voltage References

85 Cel

9.97 V

-40 Cel

8.5 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

10.03 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

40 V

Not Qualified

12 V

OUTPUT VOLTAGE ADJUSTABLE 3 PERCENT

e0

1

10 V

5962-3812802VGA

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

ROUND

NO

METAL

NO

1

BIPOLAR

MIL-PRF-38535 Class V

UNSPECIFIED

15 V

.14 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN8,.2

Voltage References

125 Cel

9.99 V

-55 Cel

TIN LEAD

10.01 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-X8

30 V

Qualified

4.5 V

ADDITIONAL PROGRAMMABLE OUTPUTS OF 7.5V, 5V, 2.5V AVAILABLE

e0

4

10 V

REF-02CJ

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

COMMERCIAL

8

ROUND

NO

METAL

1.6 mA

YES

1

BIPOLAR

WIRE

15 V

1 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN8,.2

Voltage References

70 Cel

4.95 V

0 Cel

65 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

5.05 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

40 V

Not Qualified

7 V

OUTPUT VOLTAGE ADJUSTABLE 3 PERCENT

e0

1

5 V

LT1634CCZ-4.096#TR

Analog Devices

TWO TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

COMMERCIAL

3

TO-92

ROUND

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

1

BIPOLAR

THROUGH-HOLE

.375 %

CYLINDRICAL

SIP3,.1

1.27 mm

70 Cel

4.08064 V

0 Cel

25 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

4.11137 V

BOTTOM

O-PBCY-T3

e0

20

1

235

4.096 V

5962-01-123-6639

Analog Devices

MILITARY

8

ROUND

METAL

BIPOLAR

WIRE

.1 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN8,.2

Voltage References

125 Cel

-55 Cel

15 ppm/Cel

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

Not Qualified

10 V

LT1034BCZ-1.2

Analog Devices

TWO TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

COMMERCIAL

3

ROUND

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

.02 mA

NO

1

THROUGH-HOLE

CYLINDRICAL

70 Cel

1.205 V

0 Cel

20 ppm/Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

1.245 V

BOTTOM

O-PBCY-T3

1

Not Qualified

ALSO CONTAINS AN AUXILIARY REFERENCE OF 7V

e0

20

2

235

1.225 V

LT1009MH

Analog Devices

TWO TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

3

TO-46

ROUND

NO

METAL

YES

1

BIPOLAR

WIRE

CYLINDRICAL

125 Cel

2.495 V

-55 Cel

35 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

2.505 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W3

Not Qualified

REFERENCE VOLTAGE CAN BE ADJUSTED TO +/-5%

e0

1

2.5 V

LT1004IZ-2.5#PBF

Analog Devices

TWO TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

INDUSTRIAL

3

TO-92

ROUND

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

1

BIPOLAR

THROUGH-HOLE

1.6 %

CYLINDRICAL

SIP3,.1,50

85 Cel

2.46 V

-40 Cel

MATTE TIN

2.53 V

BOTTOM

O-PBCY-T3

1

Not Qualified

e3

30

1

260

2.5 V

REF-02EJ

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

INDUSTRIAL

8

ROUND

NO

METAL

1.4 mA

YES

1

BIPOLAR

WIRE

15 V

.3 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN8,.2

Voltage References

85 Cel

4.985 V

-40 Cel

8.5 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

5.015 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

40 V

Not Qualified

7 V

OUTPUT VOLTAGE ADJUSTABLE 3 PERCENT

e0

1

5 V

LT1431CZ

Analog Devices

TWO TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

COMMERCIAL

3

TO-92

ROUND

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

.1 A

YES

1

BIPOLAR

THROUGH-HOLE

.8 %

CYLINDRICAL

SIP3,.1,50

70 Cel

2.48 V

0 Cel

TIN LEAD

2.52 V

BOTTOM

O-PBCY-W3

1

Not Qualified

e0

1

2.5 V

REF01J

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

TO-99

ROUND

NO

METAL

1.4 mA

YES

1

BIPOLAR

WIRE

15 V

.5 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN8,.2

Voltage References

125 Cel

9.95 V

-55 Cel

25 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

10.05 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

33 V

Not Qualified

13 V

e0

1

10 V

5962R8551401VGA

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

ROUND

NO

100k Rad(Si)

METAL

YES

1

BIPOLAR

MIL-PRF-38535 Class V

WIRE

15 V

.5 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN8,.2

Voltage References

125 Cel

4.975 V

-55 Cel

8.5 ppm/Cel

5.025 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

33 V

Qualified

8 V

NOT SPECIFIED

1

NOT SPECIFIED

5 V

5962-8686101XC

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

3

ROUND

NO

METAL

NO

1

BIPOLAR

MIL-STD-883

WIRE

15 V

1 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN3/4,.1

Voltage References

125 Cel

2.475 V

-55 Cel

55.556 ppm/Cel

Gold (Au)

2.525 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W3

30 V

Not Qualified

4.5 V

e4

1

2.5 V

5962-01-363-1110

Analog Devices

MILITARY

8

ROUND

METAL

NO

BIPOLAR

38535Q/M;38534H;883B

WIRE

.9 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN8,.2

Voltage References

125 Cel

-55 Cel

25 ppm/Cel

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

Not Qualified

10 V

LT1431IZ#TRPBF

Analog Devices

TWO TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

INDUSTRIAL

3

TO-92

ROUND

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

YES

1

WIRE

CYLINDRICAL

85 Cel

2.48 V

-40 Cel

888 ppm/Cel

Matte Tin (Sn) - annealed

2.52 V

BOTTOM

O-PBCY-W3

1

Not Qualified

e3

1

2.5 V

LT1004IZ-2.5

Analog Devices

TWO TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

INDUSTRIAL

3

TO-92

ROUND

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

1

BIPOLAR

THROUGH-HOLE

CYLINDRICAL

85 Cel

2.46 V

-40 Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

2.53 V

BOTTOM

O-PBCY-T3

1

Not Qualified

e0

20

1

235

2.5 V

5962-0051601VGX

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

ROUND

NO

METAL

YES

1

UNSPECIFIED

15 V

CYLINDRICAL

125 Cel

4.985 V

-55 Cel

8.5 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

5.015 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-X8

33 V

Not Qualified

8 V

e0

1

5 V

LT1034CZ-1.2#TR

Analog Devices

TWO TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

COMMERCIAL

3

ROUND

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

.02 mA

NO

1

THROUGH-HOLE

CYLINDRICAL

70 Cel

1.205 V

0 Cel

40 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

1.245 V

BOTTOM

O-PBCY-T3

Not Qualified

ALSO CONTAINS AN AUXILIARY REFERENCE OF 7V

e0

2

1.225 V

5962L3812805VGA

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

ROUND

NO

50k Rad(Si)

METAL

YES

1

MIL-PRF-38535 Class V

UNSPECIFIED

15 V

CYLINDRICAL

125 Cel

9.9 V

-55 Cel

10.1 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-X8

30 V

Qualified

4.5 V

ALSO HAVE 7.5V, 5V, 2.5V OUTPUT VOLTAGES

NOT SPECIFIED

4

NOT SPECIFIED

10 V

LT1634CCZ-2.5

Analog Devices

TWO TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

COMMERCIAL

3

TO-92

ROUND

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

1

BIPOLAR

THROUGH-HOLE

.375 %

CYLINDRICAL

SIP3,.1,50

1.27 mm

70 Cel

2.49062 V

0 Cel

25 ppm/Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

2.50937 V

BOTTOM

O-PBCY-T3

1

Not Qualified

e0

20

1

235

2.5 V

5962-8961001XA

Analog Devices

TWO TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

3

ROUND

NO

UNSPECIFIED

YES

1

MIL-STD-883

WIRE

CYLINDRICAL

125 Cel

2.495 V

-55 Cel

35 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

2.505 V

BOTTOM

O-XBCY-W3

Qualified

e0

1

2.5 V

LT1027BMH

Analog Devices

MILITARY

8

ROUND

METAL

NO

BIPOLAR

WIRE

CYLINDRICAL

CAN8,.2

Voltage References

125 Cel

-55 Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

Not Qualified

e0

5 V

LT1004IZ-1.2#TR

Analog Devices

TWO TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

INDUSTRIAL

3

TO-92

ROUND

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

1

BIPOLAR

THROUGH-HOLE

.81 %

CYLINDRICAL

SIP3,.1,50

85 Cel

1.22 V

-40 Cel

TIN LEAD

1.245 V

BOTTOM

O-PBCY-T3

1

Not Qualified

e0

1

1.23 V

5962-01-116-8658

Analog Devices

COMMERCIAL

8

ROUND

METAL

BIPOLAR

WIRE

.3 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN8,.2

Voltage References

70 Cel

0 Cel

30 ppm/Cel

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

Not Qualified

10 V

Voltage References

Voltage references are electronic devices used to provide a stable, precise voltage output that is independent of changes in temperature, load, or input voltage. They are used in a wide range of electronic applications, including instrumentation, data acquisition systems, and power supplies.

Voltage references are typically designed to output a fixed voltage value, such as 2.5V or 5V, and can be based on various technologies, including zener diodes, bandgap references, and temperature-compensated voltage references.

Zener diode-based voltage references work by using the reverse breakdown voltage of a zener diode to generate a stable reference voltage. Bandgap references use the voltage difference between two junctions in a bipolar transistor to generate a stable voltage reference. Temperature-compensated voltage references use a combination of circuit elements to compensate for temperature changes and provide a stable voltage output.

Voltage references typically have a high level of accuracy and low drift over time, making them suitable for use in precision applications. They may also include features such as low power consumption, low noise, and short-circuit protection.