NO Voltage References 2,400+

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Part RoHS Manufacturer Other IC type Temperature Grade No. of Terminals Package Code Package Shape Surface Mount Total Dose (V) Package Body Material Maximum Supply Current (Isup) Maximum Output Current Trim or Adjustable Output (V) No. of Functions Technology Screening Level Nominal Bandwidth Terminal Form Main Out Ripple Voltage Maximum Negative Supply Voltage (Vsup) Nominal Supply Voltage (Vsup) Maximum Voltage Tolerance Package Style (Meter) Package Equivalence Code Sub-Category Terminal Pitch Maximum Operating Temperature Minimum Output Voltage Minimum Operating Temperature Max Voltage Temp Coef Terminal Finish Maximum Output Voltage Terminal Position JESD-30 Code Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) Maximum Supply Voltage (Vsup) Maximum Seated Height Width (mm) Qualification Minimum Supply Voltage (Vsup) Additional Features Minimum Negative Supply Voltage (Vsup) JESD-609 Code Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s) No. of Outputs Peak Reflow Temperature (C) Length Nominal Output Voltage

LH1031DCH

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

3

TO-39

ROUND

NO

METAL

5 mA

10 A

NO

1

BIPOLAR

WIRE

15 V

CYLINDRICAL

CAN3/4,.2

125 Cel

9.98 V

-55 Cel

25 ppm/Cel

10.02 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W3

40 V

11.4 V

1

10 V

AD2700JD

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

OTHER

14

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

14 mA

YES

1

HYBRID

THROUGH-HOLE

.11 %

IN-LINE

DIP14,.3

Voltage References

2.54 mm

85 Cel

9.995 V

-25 Cel

10 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

10.005 V

DUAL

R-CDIP-T14

16.5 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

13.5 V

e0

1

20.065 mm

10 V

LT581JH

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

COMMERCIAL

3

BCY

ROUND

NO

METAL

1 mA

.005 A

NO

1

BIPOLAR

THROUGH-HOLE

15 V

3 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN3/4,.2

70 Cel

9.97 V

0 Cel

30 ppm/Cel

10.03 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W3

30 V

13 V

1

10 V

ADREF02AQ

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

3 mA

YES

1

BIPOLAR

THROUGH-HOLE

.3 %

IN-LINE

DIP8,.3

Voltage References

2.54 mm

125 Cel

4.985 V

-55 Cel

8.5 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

5.015 V

DUAL

R-GDIP-T8

36 V

Not Qualified

10.8 V

e0

1

5 V

LT580KH

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

COMMERCIAL

3

BCY

ROUND

NO

METAL

1.5 mA

.01 A

NO

1

BIPOLAR

THROUGH-HOLE

15 V

1 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN3/4,.1

70 Cel

2.475 V

0 Cel

40 ppm/Cel

2.525 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W3

30 V

4.5 V

1

2.5 V

RH1021CMH-5#PBF

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

TO-5

ROUND

NO

METAL

1.2 mA

YES

1

WIRE

CYLINDRICAL

125 Cel

4.984 V

-55 Cel

25 ppm/Cel

Matte Tin (Sn) - annealed

5.016 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

40 V

Not Qualified

7.2 V

e3

1

5 V

RH1021DMH-10

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

TO-5

ROUND

NO

METAL

1.7 mA

YES

1

WIRE

CYLINDRICAL

125 Cel

9.935 V

-55 Cel

25 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

10.065 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

40 V

Not Qualified

11.5 V

e0

1

10 V

LH1031BMH

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

3

TO-39

ROUND

NO

METAL

5 mA

10 A

NO

1

BIPOLAR

WIRE

15 V

CYLINDRICAL

CAN3/4,.2

125 Cel

9.995 V

-55 Cel

5 ppm/Cel

10.005 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W3

40 V

11.4 V

1

10 V

LT580MH

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

COMMERCIAL

3

BCY

ROUND

NO

METAL

1.5 mA

.01 A

NO

1

BIPOLAR

THROUGH-HOLE

15 V

.4 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN3/4,.1

70 Cel

2.49 V

0 Cel

10 ppm/Cel

2.51 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W3

30 V

4.5 V

1

2.5 V

AD2701LD

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

OTHER

14

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

14 mA

YES

1

HYBRID

THROUGH-HOLE

-16.5 V

.04 %

IN-LINE

DIP14,.3

Voltage References

2.54 mm

85 Cel

-9.9975 V

-25 Cel

3 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

-10.0025 V

DUAL

R-CDIP-T14

18 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

13 V

-13.5 V

e0

1

20.065 mm

-10 V

5961-01-166-5929

Analog Devices

COMMERCIAL

2

NO

METAL

NO

BIPOLAR

2.8 %

SIP2,.1

Voltage References

2.54 mm

70 Cel

0 Cel

50 ppm/Cel

SINGLE

Not Qualified

1.2 V

AD1403AN

Analog Devices

COMMERCIAL

8

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

BIPOLAR

THROUGH-HOLE

.4 %

IN-LINE

DIP8,.3

Voltage References

2.54 mm

70 Cel

0 Cel

25 ppm/Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

DUAL

R-PDIP-T8

Not Qualified

e0

2.5 V

ADREF02AZ

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

YES

1

BIPOLAR

THROUGH-HOLE

15 V

IN-LINE

2.54 mm

125 Cel

4.985 V

-55 Cel

8.5 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

5.015 V

DUAL

R-GDIP-T8

40 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

7 V

OUTPUT VOLTAGE ADJUSTABLE 3 PERCENT

e0

1

5 V

M38510/12407SGX

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

ROUND

NO

METAL

YES

1

WIRE

10 V

CYLINDRICAL

125 Cel

4.948 V

-55 Cel

5 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

5.052 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

40 V

Not Qualified

10 V

e0

1

5 V

8551401PX

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

YES

1

THROUGH-HOLE

15 V

IN-LINE

125 Cel

4.985 V

-55 Cel

8.5 ppm/Cel

5.015 V

DUAL

R-GDIP-T8

33 V

Qualified

8 V

OUTPUT VOLTAGE ADJUSTABLE +/-3%

1

5 V

RH1021BMH-5#PBF

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

TO-5

ROUND

NO

METAL

1.2 mA

YES

1

WIRE

CYLINDRICAL

125 Cel

4.935 V

-55 Cel

10 ppm/Cel

Matte Tin (Sn) - annealed

5.065 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

40 V

Not Qualified

7.2 V

e3

1

5 V

8551401GX

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

ROUND

NO

METAL

YES

1

UNSPECIFIED

15 V

CYLINDRICAL

125 Cel

4.985 V

-55 Cel

8.5 ppm/Cel

5.015 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-X8

33 V

Not Qualified

8 V

OUTPUT VOLTAGE ADJUSTABLE +/-3%

1

5 V

RH1021DMH-10#PBF

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

TO-5

ROUND

NO

METAL

1.7 mA

YES

1

WIRE

CYLINDRICAL

125 Cel

9.935 V

-55 Cel

25 ppm/Cel

Matte Tin (Sn) - annealed

10.065 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

40 V

Not Qualified

11.5 V

e3

1

10 V

ADREF02HQ

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

COMMERCIAL

8

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

3 mA

YES

1

BIPOLAR

THROUGH-HOLE

.5 %

IN-LINE

DIP8,.3

Voltage References

2.54 mm

70 Cel

4.975 V

0 Cel

25 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

5.025 V

DUAL

R-GDIP-T8

36 V

Not Qualified

10.8 V

e0

1

5 V

M38510/12409SGA

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

ROUND

NO

METAL

YES

1

MIL-PRF-38535 Class S

WIRE

15 V

CYLINDRICAL

125 Cel

9.946 V

-55 Cel

5 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

10.054 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

40 V

Not Qualified

11.5 V

e0

1

10 V

M38510/12408BGC

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

ROUND

NO

METAL

NO

1

MIL-PRF-38535 Class B

WIRE

12 V

CYLINDRICAL

125 Cel

6.9472 V

-55 Cel

5 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

7.0528 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

40 V

Not Qualified

12 V

e0

1

7 V

8503006YX

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

14

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

UNSPECIFIED

YES

1

THROUGH-HOLE

15 V

IN-LINE

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

9 ppm/Cel

DUAL

R-XDIP-T14

16.5 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

13.5 V

1

20.065 mm

-10 V

RH129BMH#PBF

Analog Devices

TWO TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

2

TO-46

ROUND

NO

METAL

NO

1

WIRE

15 V

CYLINDRICAL

125 Cel

6.7 V

-55 Cel

30 ppm/Cel

Matte Tin (Sn) - annealed

7.2 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W2

Not Qualified

e3

1

6.9 V

LM129BH

Analog Devices

TWO TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

2

ROUND

NO

METAL

NO

1

BIPOLAR

WIRE

CYLINDRICAL

125 Cel

6.7 V

-55 Cel

20 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

7.2 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W2

e0

1

6.9 V

REF02CN8#PBF

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

COMMERCIAL

8

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

YES

1

THROUGH-HOLE

15 V

IN-LINE

2.54 mm

70 Cel

4.95 V

0 Cel

65 ppm/Cel

MATTE TIN

5.05 V

DUAL

R-PDIP-T8

40 V

3.937 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

8 V

OUTPUT VOLTAGE CAN BE ADJUSTED OVER A 3 PERCENT RANGE

e3

1

5 V

LT1460BIN8-2.5#PBF

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

INDUSTRIAL

8

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

1

BIPOLAR

THROUGH-HOLE

5 V

IN-LINE

2.54 mm

85 Cel

2.4975 V

-40 Cel

10 ppm/Cel

MATTE TIN

2.5025 V

DUAL

R-PDIP-T8

1

20 V

3.937 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

3.4 V

e3

30

1

260

2.5 V

REF02EZ

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

INDUSTRIAL

8

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

1.4 mA

YES

1

BIPOLAR

THROUGH-HOLE

15 V

.3 %

IN-LINE

DIP8,.3

Voltage References

2.54 mm

85 Cel

4.985 V

-40 Cel

8.5 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

5.015 V

DUAL

R-GDIP-T8

40 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

7 V

OUTPUT VOLTAGE ADJUSTABLE 3 PERCENT

e0

1

5 V

LT1019IN8-5

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

INDUSTRIAL

8

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

1.5 mA

YES

1

BIPOLAR

THROUGH-HOLE

15 V

IN-LINE

2.54 mm

85 Cel

4.35 V

-40 Cel

20 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

5.25 V

DUAL

R-PDIP-T8

40 V

3.937 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

6.5 V

e0

1

5 V

LT1634CCZ-2.5#TR

Analog Devices

TWO TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

COMMERCIAL

3

TO-92

ROUND

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

1

BIPOLAR

THROUGH-HOLE

.375 %

CYLINDRICAL

SIP3,.1

1.27 mm

70 Cel

2.49062 V

0 Cel

25 ppm/Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

2.50937 V

BOTTOM

O-PBCY-T3

1

Not Qualified

e0

20

1

235

2.5 V

REF-110P

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

8

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

YES

1

BICMOS

THROUGH-HOLE

IN-LINE

9.995 V

5 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

10.005 V

DUAL

R-PDIP-T8

Not Qualified

e0

1

10 V

REF-105J

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

8

ROUND

NO

METAL

YES

1

BICMOS

WIRE

CYLINDRICAL

4.9975 V

5 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

5.0025 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

Not Qualified

e0

1

5 V

5962-01-229-4022

Analog Devices

MILITARY

14

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

METAL

NO

HYBRID

THROUGH-HOLE

.1 %

IN-LINE

DIP14,.3

Voltage References

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-MDIP-T14

Not Qualified

10 V

5962-3812801VGA

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

ROUND

NO

METAL

NO

1

BIPOLAR

MIL-PRF-38535 Class V

UNSPECIFIED

15 V

.3 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN8,.2

Voltage References

125 Cel

9.97 V

-55 Cel

10.03 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-X8

30 V

Qualified

4.5 V

ADDITIONAL PROGRAMMABLE OUTPUTS OF 7.5V, 5V, 2.5V AVAILABLE

NOT SPECIFIED

4

NOT SPECIFIED

10 V

LT1021CCN8-10#TR

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

COMMERCIAL

8

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

YES

1

THROUGH-HOLE

15 V

IN-LINE

2.54 mm

70 Cel

9.995 V

0 Cel

20 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

10.005 V

DUAL

R-PDIP-T8

40 V

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

11.5 V

e0

1

10 V

5962-01-239-2152

Analog Devices

MILITARY

14

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

METAL

NO

HYBRID

THROUGH-HOLE

.06 %

IN-LINE

DIP14,.3

Voltage References

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-MDIP-T14

Not Qualified

10 V

REF01Z

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

1.4 mA

YES

1

BIPOLAR

THROUGH-HOLE

15 V

.5 %

IN-LINE

DIP8,.3

Voltage References

2.54 mm

125 Cel

9.95 V

-55 Cel

25 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

10.05 V

DUAL

R-GDIP-T8

33 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

13 V

e0

1

10 V

5962-01-097-7469

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

3

ROUND

NO

UNSPECIFIED

NO

1

MIL-STD-883 Class B

UNSPECIFIED

15 V

CYLINDRICAL

Voltage References

125 Cel

-55 Cel

BOTTOM

O-XBCY-X3

Not Qualified

1

10 V

REF43BIFZ

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

INDUSTRIAL

8

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

.45 mA

NO

1

BIPOLAR

THROUGH-HOLE

5 V

IN-LINE

2.54 mm

85 Cel

2.497 V

-40 Cel

10 ppm/Cel

2.503 V

DUAL

R-GDIP-T8

40 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

4.5 V

NOT SPECIFIED

1

NOT SPECIFIED

2.5 V

5962-8876203GX

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

ROUND

NO

METAL

YES

1

WIRE

10 V

CYLINDRICAL

125 Cel

4.95 V

-55 Cel

20 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

5.05 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

40 V

Not Qualified

7.2 V

e0

1

5 V

LT1460ACN8-2.5

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

COMMERCIAL

8

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

1

BIPOLAR

THROUGH-HOLE

5 V

IN-LINE

2.54 mm

70 Cel

2.49813 V

0 Cel

10 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

2.50188 V

DUAL

R-PDIP-T8

1

20 V

3.937 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

3.4 V

e0

20

1

235

2.5 V

5962-8982501PA

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

4 mA

YES

1

BIPOLAR

THROUGH-HOLE

.1 %

IN-LINE

DIP8,.3

Voltage References

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

20 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

DUAL

R-GDIP-T8

36 V

Not Qualified

13.5 V

e0

1

10 V

LT1004CZ-1.2

Analog Devices

TWO TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

COMMERCIAL

3

TO-92

ROUND

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

.01 mA

NO

1

BIPOLAR

THROUGH-HOLE

CYLINDRICAL

70 Cel

1.225 V

0 Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

1.245 V

BOTTOM

O-PBCY-T3

1

Not Qualified

e0

20

1

235

1.235 V

LT1460GIZ-5

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

INDUSTRIAL

3

ROUND

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

1

BIPOLAR

WIRE

7.5 V

CYLINDRICAL

85 Cel

4.9875 V

-40 Cel

25 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

5.0125 V

BOTTOM

O-PBCY-W3

20 V

Not Qualified

5.9 V

e0

1

5 V

LT1034BIZ-1.2#TR

Analog Devices

TWO TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

INDUSTRIAL

3

ROUND

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

1

THROUGH-HOLE

CYLINDRICAL

85 Cel

1.205 V

-40 Cel

20 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

1.245 V

BOTTOM

O-PBCY-T3

1

Not Qualified

ALSO CONTAINS AN AUXILIARY REFERENCE OF 7V

e0

2

1.225 V

LT1634CCZ-1.25#TRPBF

Analog Devices

TWO TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

COMMERCIAL

3

TO-92

ROUND

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

1

WIRE

CYLINDRICAL

70 Cel

1.24531 V

0 Cel

25 ppm/Cel

MATTE TIN

1.2546 V

BOTTOM

O-PBCY-W3

1

Not Qualified

e3

30

1

260

1.25 V

LT1460GIZ-2.5#TRPBF

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

INDUSTRIAL

3

TO-92

ROUND

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

1

BIPOLAR

WIRE

5 V

CYLINDRICAL

85 Cel

2.49375 V

-40 Cel

25 ppm/Cel

MATTE TIN

2.50625 V

BOTTOM

O-PBCY-W3

1

20 V

Not Qualified

3.4 V

e3

1

245

2.5 V

LT1021CIN8-10#TR

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

INDUSTRIAL

8

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

YES

1

THROUGH-HOLE

15 V

IN-LINE

2.54 mm

85 Cel

9.995 V

-40 Cel

20 ppm/Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

10.005 V

DUAL

R-PDIP-T8

1

40 V

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

11.5 V

e0

1

10 V

LT1021CCH-5#TR

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

COMMERCIAL

8

BCY

ROUND

NO

METAL

1.5 mA

.01 A

YES

1

BIPOLAR

WIRE

10 V

.05 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN8,.2

70 Cel

4.9975 V

0 Cel

20 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

5.0025 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

40 V

Not Qualified

7.2 V

e0

1

5 V

Voltage References

Voltage references are electronic devices used to provide a stable, precise voltage output that is independent of changes in temperature, load, or input voltage. They are used in a wide range of electronic applications, including instrumentation, data acquisition systems, and power supplies.

Voltage references are typically designed to output a fixed voltage value, such as 2.5V or 5V, and can be based on various technologies, including zener diodes, bandgap references, and temperature-compensated voltage references.

Zener diode-based voltage references work by using the reverse breakdown voltage of a zener diode to generate a stable reference voltage. Bandgap references use the voltage difference between two junctions in a bipolar transistor to generate a stable voltage reference. Temperature-compensated voltage references use a combination of circuit elements to compensate for temperature changes and provide a stable voltage output.

Voltage references typically have a high level of accuracy and low drift over time, making them suitable for use in precision applications. They may also include features such as low power consumption, low noise, and short-circuit protection.