MILITARY Voltage References 1,258

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Part RoHS Manufacturer Other IC type Temperature Grade No. of Terminals Package Code Package Shape Surface Mount Total Dose (V) Package Body Material Maximum Supply Current (Isup) Maximum Output Current Trim or Adjustable Output (V) No. of Functions Technology Screening Level Nominal Bandwidth Terminal Form Main Out Ripple Voltage Maximum Negative Supply Voltage (Vsup) Nominal Supply Voltage (Vsup) Maximum Voltage Tolerance Package Style (Meter) Package Equivalence Code Sub-Category Terminal Pitch Maximum Operating Temperature Minimum Output Voltage Minimum Operating Temperature Max Voltage Temp Coef Terminal Finish Maximum Output Voltage Terminal Position JESD-30 Code Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) Maximum Supply Voltage (Vsup) Maximum Seated Height Width (mm) Qualification Minimum Supply Voltage (Vsup) Additional Features Minimum Negative Supply Voltage (Vsup) JESD-609 Code Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s) No. of Outputs Peak Reflow Temperature (C) Length Nominal Output Voltage

AD586TQ/883B

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

3 mA

YES

1

BIPOLAR

MIL-STD-883 Class B

THROUGH-HOLE

15 V

.05 %

IN-LINE

DIP8,.3

Voltage References

2.54 mm

125 Cel

4.9975 V

-55 Cel

10 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

5.0025 V

DUAL

R-GDIP-T8

36 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

10.8 V

LG-MAX

e0

1

10.29 mm

5 V

5962-01-415-6203

Analog Devices

MILITARY

20

QCCN

SQUARE

YES

CERAMIC

BIPOLAR

38535Q/M;38534H;883B

NO LEAD

.1 %

CHIP CARRIER

LCC20,.35SQ

Voltage References

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

4 ppm/Cel

QUAD

S-XQCC-N20

Not Qualified

5 V

LT1034-1.2MH/883

Analog Devices

VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

3

TO-46

ROUND

NO

METAL

20 mA

NO

1

BIPOLAR

WIRE

1.6 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN3/4,.1

125 Cel

1.205 V

-55 Cel

40 ppm/Cel

1.245 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W3

1

1.225 V

5962R8961002VHA

Analog Devices

TWO TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

10

DFP

RECTANGULAR

YES

100k Rad(Si)

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

YES

1

MIL-PRF-38535 Class V

FLAT

FLATPACK

125 Cel

2.495 V

-55 Cel

35 ppm/Cel

2.505 V

DUAL

R-GDFP-F10

Qualified

NOT SPECIFIED

1

NOT SPECIFIED

2.5 V

ADR293TRU-EP-R7

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

TSSOP

RECTANGULAR

YES

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

1

GULL WING

.2 %

SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH

TSSOP8,.25

Voltage References

.65 mm

125 Cel

4.99 V

-55 Cel

30 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

5.01 V

DUAL

R-PDSO-G8

1

15 V

1.2 mm

3 mm

Not Qualified

6 V

e0

1

240

4.4 mm

5 V

AD584SE

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

20

QCCN

SQUARE

YES

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

1 mA

NO

1

BIPOLAR

NO LEAD

.3 %

CHIP CARRIER

LCC20,.35SQ

Voltage References

1.27 mm

125 Cel

9.97 V

-55 Cel

30 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

10.03 V

QUAD

S-CQCC-N20

30 V

Not Qualified

12.5 V

e0

3

10 V

LT1021BMH-10#TR

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

BCY

ROUND

NO

METAL

2 mA

.01 A

YES

1

BIPOLAR

WIRE

15 V

.5 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN8,.2

125 Cel

9.95 V

-55 Cel

5 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

10.05 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

40 V

Not Qualified

11.5 V

e0

1

10 V

5962R8947901VPA

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

100k Rad(Si)

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

YES

1

BIPOLAR

MIL-PRF-38535 Class V

THROUGH-HOLE

15 V

.6 %

IN-LINE

DIP8,.3

Voltage References

2.54 mm

125 Cel

9.97 V

-55 Cel

8.5 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

10.03 V

DUAL

R-GDIP-T8

33 V

Not Qualified

13 V

e0

1

10 V

AD586TQ

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

3 mA

YES

1

BIPOLAR

THROUGH-HOLE

15 V

.05 %

IN-LINE

DIP8,.3

Voltage References

2.54 mm

125 Cel

4.9975 V

-55 Cel

10 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

5.0025 V

DUAL

R-GDIP-T8

36 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

10.8 V

e0

1

5 V

5962-01-162-7572

Analog Devices

MILITARY

3

ROUND

METAL

NO

BIPOLAR

WIRE

1 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN3/4,.1

Voltage References

125 Cel

-55 Cel

125 ppm/Cel

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W3

Not Qualified

2.5 V

5962-8947901VPA

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

YES

1

BIPOLAR

MIL-PRF-38535 Class V

THROUGH-HOLE

15 V

.45 %

IN-LINE

DIP8,.3

Voltage References

2.54 mm

125 Cel

9.97 V

-55 Cel

8.5 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

10.03 V

DUAL

R-GDIP-T8

33 V

Not Qualified

13 V

e0

1

10 V

ADR293TRUZ-EP-R7

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

TSSOP

RECTANGULAR

YES

PLASTIC/EPOXY

.015 mA

.005 A

NO

1

GULL WING

6 V

.2 %

SMALL OUTLINE, HEAT SINK/SLUG, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH

TSSOP8,.25

.65 mm

125 Cel

4.99 V

-55 Cel

30 ppm/Cel

NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD

5.01 V

DUAL

R-PDSO-G8

1

15 V

1.2 mm

3 mm

e4

30

1

260

4.4 mm

5 V

REF01J/883C

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

TO-99

ROUND

NO

METAL

1.4 mA

YES

1

BIPOLAR

MIL-STD-883

WIRE

15 V

CYLINDRICAL

125 Cel

9.95 V

-55 Cel

25 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

10.05 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

33 V

Not Qualified

13 V

e0

1

10 V

5962-8503006YX

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

14

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

YES

1

HYBRID

THROUGH-HOLE

IN-LINE

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-CDIP-T14

Not Qualified

1

10 V

LT6654BMPS6-2.048#PBF

Analog Devices

MILITARY

6

TSOP

RECTANGULAR

YES

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

BIPOLAR

GULL WING

.46 %

SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE

TSOP6,.11,37

Voltage References

.95 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

20 ppm/Cel

Matte Tin (Sn) - annealed

DUAL

R-PDSO-G6

Not Qualified

e3

2.048 V

5962-01-256-8776

Analog Devices

MILITARY

14

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

METAL

NO

HYBRID

THROUGH-HOLE

.06 %

IN-LINE

DIP14,.3

Voltage References

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-MDIP-T14

Not Qualified

10 V

LTZ100A

Analog Devices

MILITARY

8

ROUND

METAL

NO

BIPOLAR

WIRE

4 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN8,.2

Voltage References

125 Cel

-55 Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

Not Qualified

e0

7.2 V

5962-8503001YX

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

14

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

YES

1

HYBRID

THROUGH-HOLE

IN-LINE

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-CDIP-T14

16.5 V

Not Qualified

13.5 V

1

10 V

5962-01-150-2814

Analog Devices

MILITARY

3

ROUND

METAL

NO

BIPOLAR

WIRE

.4 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN3/4,.1

Voltage References

125 Cel

-55 Cel

25 ppm/Cel

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W3

Not Qualified

2.5 V

REF43BRC/883C

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

20

QCCN

SQUARE

YES

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

.45 mA

NO

1

BIPOLAR

MIL-STD-883

NO LEAD

5 V

CHIP CARRIER

1.27 mm

125 Cel

2.495 V

-55 Cel

10 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

2.505 V

QUAD

S-CQCC-N20

40 V

2.54 mm

8.89 mm

Not Qualified

4.5 V

e0

1

8.89 mm

2.5 V

AD587TQ/883B

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

4 mA

YES

1

BIPOLAR

THROUGH-HOLE

.2 %

IN-LINE

DIP8,.3

Voltage References

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

10 ppm/Cel

DUAL

R-GDIP-T8

36 V

Not Qualified

13.5 V

1

10 V

5962-90603012X

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

20

QCCN

SQUARE

YES

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

YES

1

BIPOLAR

MIL-PRF-38535

NO LEAD

5 V

CHIP CARRIER

125 Cel

2.495 V

-55 Cel

10 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

2.505 V

QUAD

S-CQCC-N20

40 V

Not Qualified

4.5 V

e0

NOT SPECIFIED

1

NOT SPECIFIED

2.5 V

5962R0051601VPX

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

YES

1

THROUGH-HOLE

15 V

IN-LINE

125 Cel

4.975 V

-55 Cel

8.5 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

5.025 V

DUAL

R-GDIP-T8

33 V

Qualified

8 V

e0

1

5 V

5962-8947901VHA

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

10

DFP

RECTANGULAR

YES

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

YES

1

BIPOLAR

MIL-PRF-38535 Class V

FLAT

15 V

.45 %

FLATPACK

FL10,.3

Voltage References

1.27 mm

125 Cel

9.97 V

-55 Cel

8.5 ppm/Cel

10.03 V

DUAL

R-GDFP-F10

33 V

Not Qualified

13 V

30

1

220

10 V

AD689TQ/883B

Analog Devices

MILITARY

8

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

CERAMIC

NO

38535Q/M;38534H;883B

THROUGH-HOLE

.05 %

IN-LINE

DIP8,.3

Voltage References

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

10 ppm/Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

DUAL

R-XDIP-T8

Not Qualified

e0

8.192 V

REF01AJ/883C

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

TO-99

ROUND

NO

METAL

YES

1

BIPOLAR

MIL-STD-883

WIRE

15 V

.3 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN8,.2

Voltage References

125 Cel

9.97 V

-55 Cel

8.5 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

10.03 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

40 V

Not Qualified

12 V

OUTPUT VOLTAGE ADJUSTABLE 3 PERCENT

e0

1

10 V

5962-8503003YX

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

14

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

YES

1

HYBRID

THROUGH-HOLE

IN-LINE

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-CDIP-T14

16.5 V

Not Qualified

13.5 V

2

10 V

LH0070-0H#TRPBF

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

3

ROUND

NO

METAL

YES

1

WIRE

15 V

CYLINDRICAL

125 Cel

9.97 V

-55 Cel

Matte Tin (Sn)

10.03 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W3

1

40 V

11.4 V

e3

30

1

260

10 V

LTZ100#PBF

Analog Devices

MILITARY

8

ROUND

METAL

NO

BIPOLAR

WIRE

4 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN8,.2

Voltage References

125 Cel

-55 Cel

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

Not Qualified

7.2 V

5962-89581022X

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

20

QCCN

SQUARE

YES

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

YES

1

BIPOLAR

MIL-STD-883

NO LEAD

CHIP CARRIER

1.27 mm

125 Cel

9.95 V

-55 Cel

25 ppm/Cel

10.05 V

QUAD

S-CQCC-N20

33 V

2.54 mm

8.89 mm

Not Qualified

13 V

1

8.89 mm

10 V

5962-9060301GA

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

ROUND

NO

METAL

.6 mA

YES

1

BIPOLAR

WIRE

.2 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN8,.2

Voltage References

125 Cel

2.495 V

-55 Cel

10 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

2.505 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

40 V

Not Qualified

4.5 V

e0

1

2.5 V

5962-8947901GX

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

ROUND

NO

METAL

YES

1

BIPOLAR

WIRE

.5 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN8,.2

Voltage References

125 Cel

9.905 V

-55 Cel

25 ppm/Cel

10.095 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

33 V

Not Qualified

13 V

NOT SPECIFIED

1

NOT SPECIFIED

10 V

5962-8503003YC

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

14

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

10 mA

YES

1

HYBRID

THROUGH-HOLE

IN-LINE

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-CDIP-T14

16.5 V

Not Qualified

13.5 V

NOT SPECIFIED

2

NOT SPECIFIED

10 V

5962-01-154-6488

Analog Devices

MILITARY

8

ROUND

METAL

BIPOLAR

WIRE

.3 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN8,.2

Voltage References

125 Cel

-55 Cel

20 ppm/Cel

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

Not Qualified

10 V

REF08BZ/883C

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

YES

1

MIL-STD-883

THROUGH-HOLE

IN-LINE

2.54 mm

125 Cel

9.97 V

-55 Cel

50 ppm/Cel

10.03 V

DUAL

R-GDIP-T8

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

1

10 V

LT1021BMH-5#TR

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

BCY

ROUND

NO

METAL

1.5 mA

.01 A

YES

1

BIPOLAR

WIRE

10 V

1 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN8,.2

125 Cel

4.95 V

-55 Cel

5 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

5.05 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

40 V

Not Qualified

7.2 V

e0

1

5 V

5962-01-413-3421

Analog Devices

MILITARY

8

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

CERAMIC

NO

BIPOLAR

38535Q/M;38534H;883B

THROUGH-HOLE

.1 %

IN-LINE

DIP8,.3

Voltage References

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

20 ppm/Cel

DUAL

R-XDIP-T8

Not Qualified

10 V

LT6654AMPS6-5#TRPBF

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

6

VSSOP

RECTANGULAR

YES

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

1

GULL WING

.23 %

SMALL OUTLINE, VERY THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH

TSOP6,.11,37

.95 mm

125 Cel

4.9885 V

-55 Cel

10 ppm/Cel

Matte Tin (Sn) - annealed

5.0115 V

DUAL

R-PDSO-G6

1

36 V

1 mm

1.625 mm

5.5 V

e3

30

1

260

2.9 mm

5 V

5962-8980202XX

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

3

ROUND

NO

METAL

NO

1

WIRE

15 V

CYLINDRICAL

125 Cel

9.99 V

-55 Cel

15 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

10.01 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W3

40 V

Qualified

11.5 V

e0

1

10 V

REF01Z/883C

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

1.4 mA

YES

1

BIPOLAR

MIL-STD-883

THROUGH-HOLE

15 V

IN-LINE

2.54 mm

125 Cel

9.95 V

-55 Cel

25 ppm/Cel

10.05 V

DUAL

R-GDIP-T8

33 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

13 V

NOT SPECIFIED

1

NOT SPECIFIED

10 V

5962-01-126-6176

Analog Devices

MILITARY

14

DIP

RECTANGULAR

NO

METAL

NO

HYBRID

THROUGH-HOLE

.06 %

IN-LINE

DIP14,.3

Voltage References

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-MDIP-T14

Not Qualified

-10 V

LT6654BMPS6-3.3#PBF

Analog Devices

MILITARY

6

TSOP

RECTANGULAR

YES

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

BIPOLAR

GULL WING

.46 %

SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE

TSOP6,.11,37

Voltage References

.95 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

20 ppm/Cel

Matte Tin (Sn) - annealed

DUAL

R-PDSO-G6

Not Qualified

e3

3.3 V

5962L8551405VHA

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

10

QFF

RECTANGULAR

YES

50k Rad(Si)

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

YES

1

MIL-PRF-38535 Class V

FLAT

15 V

FLATPACK

125 Cel

4.975 V

-55 Cel

8.5 ppm/Cel

5.025 V

DUAL

R-GDFP-F10

33 V

Qualified

8 V

NOT SPECIFIED

1

NOT SPECIFIED

5 V

AD588SE/883B

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

20

QCCN

SQUARE

YES

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

10 mA

YES

1

BIPOLAR

NO LEAD

-18 V

.1 %

CHIP CARRIER

LCC20,.35SQ

Voltage References

1.27 mm

125 Cel

9.995 V

-55 Cel

6 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

10.005 V

QUAD

S-CQCC-N20

18 V

Not Qualified

13.5 V

-13.5 V

e0

2

10 V

5962R3812802VGA

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

ROUND

NO

100k Rad(Si)

METAL

NO

1

BIPOLAR

MIL-PRF-38535 Class V

UNSPECIFIED

15 V

1 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN8,.2

Voltage References

125 Cel

9.9 V

-55 Cel

10.1 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-X8

30 V

Qualified

4.5 V

ADDITIONAL PROGRAMMABLE OUTPUTS OF 7.5V, 5V, 2.5V AVAILABLE

NOT SPECIFIED

4

NOT SPECIFIED

10 V

5962-8860001GX

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

ROUND

NO

METAL

YES

1

WIRE

15 V

CYLINDRICAL

125 Cel

9.95 V

-55 Cel

5 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

10.05 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

40 V

Qualified

11.5 V

e0

1

10 V

REF-02J

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

8

ROUND

NO

METAL

1.4 mA

YES

1

BIPOLAR

WIRE

15 V

.5 %

CYLINDRICAL

CAN8,.2

Voltage References

125 Cel

4.975 V

-55 Cel

25 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

5.025 V

BOTTOM

O-MBCY-W8

40 V

Not Qualified

7 V

OUTPUT VOLTAGE ADJUSTABLE 3 PERCENT

e0

1

5 V

5962R8551401V2X

Analog Devices

THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE

MILITARY

20

QCCN

SQUARE

YES

UNSPECIFIED

YES

1

NO LEAD

15 V

CHIP CARRIER

125 Cel

4.975 V

-55 Cel

8.5 ppm/Cel

TIN LEAD

5.025 V

QUAD

S-XQCC-N20

33 V

Qualified

8 V

e0

1

5 V

Voltage References

Voltage references are electronic devices used to provide a stable, precise voltage output that is independent of changes in temperature, load, or input voltage. They are used in a wide range of electronic applications, including instrumentation, data acquisition systems, and power supplies.

Voltage references are typically designed to output a fixed voltage value, such as 2.5V or 5V, and can be based on various technologies, including zener diodes, bandgap references, and temperature-compensated voltage references.

Zener diode-based voltage references work by using the reverse breakdown voltage of a zener diode to generate a stable reference voltage. Bandgap references use the voltage difference between two junctions in a bipolar transistor to generate a stable voltage reference. Temperature-compensated voltage references use a combination of circuit elements to compensate for temperature changes and provide a stable voltage output.

Voltage references typically have a high level of accuracy and low drift over time, making them suitable for use in precision applications. They may also include features such as low power consumption, low noise, and short-circuit protection.