40 Parallel I/O Ports 176

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Part RoHS Manufacturer Peripheral IC Type Temperature Grade Terminal Form No. of Terminals Package Code Package Shape Package Body Material Surface Mount Maximum Supply Voltage Screening Level Address Bus Width No. of Bits Bit Size Power Supplies (V) Package Style (Meter) Package Equivalence Code Minimum Supply Voltage Maximum Operating Temperature CPU Family Minimum Operating Temperature Terminal Finish Ultraviolet Erasable Terminal Position No. of Ports Maximum Seated Height ROM Words Width Additional Features External Data Bus Width Maximum Clock Frequency Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s) Peak Reflow Temperature (C) Length Total Dose (V) ROM Bits Size No. of Timers RAM Bytes Technology Maximum Supply Current Nominal Supply Voltage Memory Organization Sub-Category ROM Programmability Terminal Pitch JESD-30 Code Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) Qualification Speed JESD-609 Code Maximum Standby Current No. of I/O Lines Maximum Access Time

Z8536B1V

STMicroelectronics

PARALLEL IO PORT, GENERAL PURPOSE

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

5.25 V

5

IN-LINE

DIP40,.6

4.75 V

70 Cel

0 Cel

TIN LEAD

DUAL

3

15.24 mm

CMOS

5 V

Parallel IO Port

2.54 mm

R-PDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

20

Z8536D6N

STMicroelectronics

PARALLEL IO PORT, GENERAL PURPOSE

INDUSTRIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

NO

5.25 V

5

IN-LINE

DIP40,.6

4.75 V

85 Cel

-40 Cel

TIN LEAD

DUAL

3

15.24 mm

CMOS

5 V

Parallel IO Port

2.54 mm

R-CDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

20

Z8036AB6

STMicroelectronics

PARALLEL IO PORT, GENERAL PURPOSE

INDUSTRIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

5.25 V

IN-LINE

4.75 V

85 Cel

-40 Cel

DUAL

3

15.24 mm

8

6 MHz

MOS

250 mA

5 V

2.54 mm

R-PDIP-T40

Not Qualified

20

EF68B21PV

STMicroelectronics

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

5

IN-LINE

DIP40,.6

70 Cel

0 Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

DUAL

MOS

5 V

Parallel IO Port

2.54 mm

R-PDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

EF68A21CV

STMicroelectronics

INDUSTRIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC

NO

5

IN-LINE

DIP40,.6

85 Cel

-40 Cel

DUAL

MOS

5 V

Parallel IO Port

2.54 mm

R-XDIP-T40

Not Qualified

Z8420D6

STMicroelectronics

PARALLEL IO PORT, GENERAL PURPOSE

INDUSTRIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

NO

5.25 V

5

IN-LINE

DIP40,.6

4.75 V

85 Cel

-40 Cel

TIN LEAD

DUAL

2

15.24 mm

CMOS

100 mA

5 V

Other Microprocessor ICs

2.54 mm

R-CDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

20

EF68B21JV

STMicroelectronics

INDUSTRIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC

NO

5

IN-LINE

DIP40,.6

85 Cel

-40 Cel

DUAL

MOS

5 V

Parallel IO Port

2.54 mm

R-XDIP-T40

Not Qualified

Z8420AD6

STMicroelectronics

PARALLEL IO PORT, GENERAL PURPOSE

INDUSTRIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

NO

5.25 V

5

IN-LINE

DIP40,.6

4.75 V

85 Cel

-40 Cel

TIN LEAD

DUAL

2

15.24 mm

CMOS

100 mA

5 V

Other Microprocessor ICs

2.54 mm

R-CDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

20

Z8036AB1

STMicroelectronics

PARALLEL IO PORT, GENERAL PURPOSE

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

5.25 V

IN-LINE

4.75 V

70 Cel

0 Cel

DUAL

3

15.24 mm

8

6 MHz

MOS

250 mA

5 V

2.54 mm

R-PDIP-T40

Not Qualified

20

Z8036B6

STMicroelectronics

PARALLEL IO PORT, GENERAL PURPOSE

INDUSTRIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

5.25 V

IN-LINE

4.75 V

85 Cel

-40 Cel

DUAL

3

15.24 mm

8

4 MHz

MOS

250 mA

5 V

2.54 mm

R-PDIP-T40

Not Qualified

20

Z8420BD1

STMicroelectronics

PARALLEL IO PORT, GENERAL PURPOSE

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

NO

5.25 V

5

IN-LINE

DIP40,.6

4.75 V

70 Cel

0 Cel

TIN LEAD

DUAL

2

15.24 mm

CMOS

100 mA

5 V

Other Microprocessor ICs

2.54 mm

R-CDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

20

Z8420AD1

STMicroelectronics

PARALLEL IO PORT, GENERAL PURPOSE

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

NO

5.25 V

5

IN-LINE

DIP40,.6

4.75 V

70 Cel

0 Cel

TIN LEAD

DUAL

2

15.24 mm

CMOS

100 mA

5 V

Other Microprocessor ICs

2.54 mm

R-CDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

20

Z84C20AD6

STMicroelectronics

PARALLEL IO PORT, GENERAL PURPOSE

INDUSTRIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

NO

5.5 V

5

IN-LINE

DIP40,.6

4.5 V

85 Cel

-40 Cel

TIN LEAD

DUAL

2

15.24 mm

CMOS

5 mA

5 V

Other Microprocessor ICs

2.54 mm

R-CDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

20

Z84C20BD2

STMicroelectronics

PARALLEL IO PORT, GENERAL PURPOSE

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

NO

5.5 V

5

IN-LINE

DIP40,.6

4.5 V

125 Cel

-55 Cel

TIN LEAD

DUAL

2

15.24 mm

CMOS

8 mA

5 V

Other uPs/uCs/Peripheral ICs

2.54 mm

R-CDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

20

Z84C20BB6

STMicroelectronics

PARALLEL IO PORT, GENERAL PURPOSE

INDUSTRIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

5.5 V

5

IN-LINE

DIP40,.6

4.5 V

85 Cel

-40 Cel

TIN LEAD

DUAL

2

15.24 mm

52.18 mm

CMOS

8 mA

5 V

Other Microprocessor ICs

2.54 mm

R-PDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

20

Z84C20AD2

STMicroelectronics

PARALLEL IO PORT, GENERAL PURPOSE

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

NO

5.5 V

5

IN-LINE

DIP40,.6

4.5 V

125 Cel

-55 Cel

TIN LEAD

DUAL

2

15.24 mm

CMOS

5 mA

5 V

Other Microprocessor ICs

2.54 mm

R-CDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

20

Z84C20AB6

STMicroelectronics

PARALLEL IO PORT, GENERAL PURPOSE

INDUSTRIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

5.5 V

5

IN-LINE

DIP40,.6

4.5 V

85 Cel

-40 Cel

TIN LEAD

DUAL

2

15.24 mm

52.18 mm

CMOS

5 mA

5 V

Other Microprocessor ICs

2.54 mm

R-PDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

20

Z84C20BD6

STMicroelectronics

PARALLEL IO PORT, GENERAL PURPOSE

INDUSTRIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

NO

5.5 V

5

IN-LINE

DIP40,.6

4.5 V

85 Cel

-40 Cel

TIN LEAD

DUAL

2

15.24 mm

CMOS

8 mA

5 V

Other uPs/uCs/Peripheral ICs

2.54 mm

R-CDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

20

MC146823L

NXP Semiconductors

PARALLEL IO PORT, GENERAL PURPOSE

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

NO

5.5 V

IN-LINE

4.5 V

70 Cel

0 Cel

DUAL

3

4.32 mm

15.24 mm

50.8 mm

CMOS

5 V

2.54 mm

R-CDIP-T40

24

MC146823Z

NXP Semiconductors

PARALLEL IO PORT, GENERAL PURPOSE

COMMERCIAL

NO LEAD

40

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

YES

5.5 V

CHIP CARRIER

LCC40,.5SQ,40

4.5 V

70 Cel

0 Cel

TIN LEAD

QUAD

3

2.08 mm

12.19 mm

OPERATES AT 3V MIN SUPPLY

8

1 MHz

12.19 mm

CMOS

3 mA

5 V

Parallel IO Port

1.02 mm

S-CQCC-N40

Not Qualified

e0

24

MC146823P

NXP Semiconductors

PARALLEL IO PORT, GENERAL PURPOSE

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

5.5 V

IN-LINE

4.5 V

70 Cel

0 Cel

DUAL

3

5.08 mm

15.24 mm

52.07 mm

CMOS

5 V

2.54 mm

R-PDIP-T40

24

MC146823S

NXP Semiconductors

PARALLEL IO PORT, GENERAL PURPOSE

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

NO

5.5 V

IN-LINE

DIP40,.6

4.5 V

70 Cel

0 Cel

TIN LEAD

DUAL

3

5.84 mm

15.24 mm

OPERATES AT 3V MIN SUPPLY

8

1 MHz

52.275 mm

CMOS

3 mA

5 V

Parallel IO Port

2.54 mm

R-CDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

24

SAB8155-2-P

Infineon Technologies

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

14

5

IN-LINE

DIP40,.6

70 Cel

8085

0 Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

DUAL

3

1

MOS

180 mA

5 V

256X8

Parallel IO Port

2.54 mm

R-PDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

SAB8155-2-C

Infineon Technologies

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC

NO

14

5

IN-LINE

DIP40,.6

70 Cel

8085

0 Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

DUAL

3

1

MOS

180 mA

5 V

256X8

Parallel IO Port

2.54 mm

R-XDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

SAB82C55A-2-P

Infineon Technologies

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

5

IN-LINE

DIP40,.6

70 Cel

0 Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

DUAL

CMOS

5 mA

5 V

Parallel IO Port

2.54 mm

R-PDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

SAB8155-C

Infineon Technologies

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC

NO

14

5

IN-LINE

DIP40,.6

70 Cel

8085

0 Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

DUAL

3

1

MOS

180 mA

5 V

256X8

Parallel IO Port

2.54 mm

R-XDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

SAB8155-P

Infineon Technologies

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

14

5

IN-LINE

DIP40,.6

70 Cel

8085

0 Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

DUAL

3

1

MOS

180 mA

5 V

256X8

Parallel IO Port

2.54 mm

R-PDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

TMPZ84C20AM-8

Toshiba

PARALLEL IO PORT, GENERAL PURPOSE

COMMERCIAL

GULL WING

40

SSOP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

YES

5.25 V

SMALL OUTLINE, SHRINK PITCH

4.75 V

70 Cel

-10 Cel

DUAL

2

2.8 mm

8.8 mm

8

8 MHz

17.5 mm

CMOS

10 mA

5 V

.8 mm

R-PDSO-G40

Not Qualified

16

TMPZ84C20AP-8

Toshiba

PARALLEL IO PORT, GENERAL PURPOSE

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

5.25 V

IN-LINE

4.75 V

70 Cel

-10 Cel

TIN LEAD

DUAL

2

4.8 mm

15.24 mm

8

8 MHz

50.7 mm

CMOS

10 mA

5 V

2.54 mm

R-PDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

16

TMPZ84C20AP-6

Toshiba

PARALLEL IO PORT, GENERAL PURPOSE

INDUSTRIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

5.5 V

IN-LINE

4.5 V

85 Cel

-40 Cel

TIN LEAD

DUAL

2

4.8 mm

15.24 mm

8

6 MHz

50.7 mm

CMOS

8 mA

5 V

2.54 mm

R-PDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

16

TMP8155P

Toshiba

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

14

5

IN-LINE

DIP40,.6

70 Cel

8085

0 Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

DUAL

3

1

MOS

180 mA

5 V

256X8

Parallel IO Port

2.54 mm

R-PDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

TMP8156P-2

Toshiba

PARALLEL IO PORT, GENERAL PURPOSE

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

5.25 V

IN-LINE

4.75 V

70 Cel

0 Cel

TIN LEAD

DUAL

3

4.8 mm

15.24 mm

50.7 mm

CMOS

5 V

2.54 mm

R-PDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

22

TMP82C55AP-5

Toshiba

INDUSTRIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

5

IN-LINE

DIP40,.6

85 Cel

-40 Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

DUAL

CMOS

120 mA

5 V

Parallel IO Port

2.54 mm

R-PDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

TMP8155P-2

Toshiba

PARALLEL IO PORT, GENERAL PURPOSE

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

5.25 V

IN-LINE

4.75 V

70 Cel

0 Cel

TIN LEAD

DUAL

3

4.8 mm

15.24 mm

50.7 mm

CMOS

5 V

2.54 mm

R-PDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

22

TMP82C55AP-10

Toshiba

PARALLEL IO PORT, GENERAL PURPOSE

INDUSTRIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

5.5 V

IN-LINE

4.5 V

85 Cel

-40 Cel

TIN LEAD

DUAL

3

4.8 mm

15.24 mm

8

50.7 mm

CMOS

5 mA

5 V

2.54 mm

R-PDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

24

TMP8156P

Toshiba

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

14

5

IN-LINE

DIP40,.6

70 Cel

8085

0 Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

DUAL

3

1

MOS

180 mA

5 V

256X8

Parallel IO Port

2.54 mm

R-PDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

TMPZ84C20AM-6

Toshiba

PARALLEL IO PORT, GENERAL PURPOSE

INDUSTRIAL

GULL WING

40

SSOP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

YES

5.5 V

SMALL OUTLINE, SHRINK PITCH

4.5 V

85 Cel

-40 Cel

TIN LEAD

DUAL

2

2.8 mm

8.8 mm

8

6 MHz

17.5 mm

CMOS

8 mA

5 V

.8 mm

R-PDSO-G40

Not Qualified

e0

16

TMP82C55AM-10

Toshiba

PARALLEL IO PORT, GENERAL PURPOSE

INDUSTRIAL

GULL WING

40

SSOP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

YES

5.5 V

SMALL OUTLINE, SHRINK PITCH

4.5 V

85 Cel

-40 Cel

TIN LEAD

DUAL

3

2.8 mm

8.8 mm

8

17.5 mm

CMOS

5 mA

5 V

.8 mm

R-PDSO-G40

Not Qualified

e0

24

TMP82C55AM-2

Toshiba

PARALLEL IO PORT, GENERAL PURPOSE

INDUSTRIAL

GULL WING

40

SSOP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

YES

5.5 V

SMALL OUTLINE, SHRINK PITCH

4.5 V

85 Cel

-40 Cel

TIN LEAD

DUAL

3

2.8 mm

8.8 mm

8

17.5 mm

CMOS

5 mA

5 V

.8 mm

R-PDSO-G40

Not Qualified

e0

24

UPD71055C-10

Renesas Electronics

INDUSTRIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

5

IN-LINE

DIP40,.6

85 Cel

-40 Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

DUAL

CMOS

5 V

Parallel IO Port

2.54 mm

R-PDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

UPD8155HD

Renesas Electronics

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC

NO

14

5

IN-LINE

DIP40,.6

70 Cel

8085

0 Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

DUAL

3

1

MOS

125 mA

5 V

256X8

Parallel IO Port

2.54 mm

R-XDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

UPD8155C

Renesas Electronics

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

14

5

IN-LINE

DIP40,.6

70 Cel

8085

0 Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

DUAL

3

1

MOS

180 mA

5 V

256X8

Parallel IO Port

2.54 mm

R-PDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

UPD8156C-2

Renesas Electronics

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

14

5

IN-LINE

DIP40,.6

70 Cel

8085

0 Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

DUAL

3

1

MOS

180 mA

5 V

256X8

Parallel IO Port

2.54 mm

R-PDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

UPD8155D

Renesas Electronics

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC

NO

14

5

IN-LINE

DIP40,.6

70 Cel

8085

0 Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

DUAL

3

1

MOS

180 mA

5 V

256X8

Parallel IO Port

2.54 mm

R-XDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

UPD71055C-8

Renesas Electronics

PARALLEL IO PORT, PRINTER INTERFACE

INDUSTRIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

5.5 V

IN-LINE

4.5 V

85 Cel

-40 Cel

TIN LEAD

DUAL

3

5.72 mm

15.24 mm

CMOS

5 V

2.54 mm

R-PDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

24

UPD8255AD-2

Renesas Electronics

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC

NO

5

IN-LINE

DIP40,.6

70 Cel

0 Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

DUAL

MOS

5 V

Parallel IO Port

2.54 mm

R-XDIP-T40

Not Qualified

e0

5962-01-083-2249

Renesas Electronics

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

14

5

IN-LINE

DIP40,.6

70 Cel

8085

0 Cel

DUAL

3

1

CMOS

180 mA

5 V

256X8

Parallel IO Port

2.54 mm

R-PDIP-T40

Not Qualified

5962R9581901QQX

Renesas Electronics

PARALLEL IO PORT, GENERAL PURPOSE

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

40

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

NO

5.5 V

MIL-PRF-38535 Class Q

IN-LINE

4.5 V

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

3

5.72 mm

15.24 mm

100k Rad(Si)

CMOS

5 V

2.54 mm

R-CDIP-T40

Not Qualified

24

Parallel I/O Ports

Parallel I/O (Input/Output) ports are a type of interface that allows a microcontroller or microprocessor to communicate with other devices in a parallel fashion. This means that multiple bits of data can be transmitted or received simultaneously, as opposed to serial communication which transmits or receives data one bit at a time.

Parallel I/O ports are commonly found in a wide range of electronic devices, including computers, printers, and industrial control systems. They typically consist of a number of input and output lines, with each line representing a single bit of data. The number of lines can vary depending on the specific device, with some systems having only a few lines while others may have dozens or even hundreds.

One of the advantages of parallel I/O ports is their ability to transfer large amounts of data quickly and efficiently. This makes them particularly useful in applications where real-time data acquisition or high-speed communication is required. For example, parallel ports are commonly used in printers and other peripherals to transfer large amounts of data quickly.

However, one of the limitations of parallel I/O ports is that they require a large number of pins on the microcontroller or microprocessor to accommodate all of the data lines. This can make them difficult to implement in systems with limited space or where a large number of I/O lines are required. In addition, parallel I/O ports can be more susceptible to noise and interference compared to serial communication, which can affect data integrity and transmission speeds.