176 Serial Communication Controllers 34

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Part	Manufacturer	Peripheral IC Type	Temperature Grade	Terminal Form	No. of Terminals	Package Code	Package Shape	Package Body Material	Surface Mount	Maximum Supply Voltage	On Chip Data RAM Width	Screening Level	Address Bus Width	Power Supplies (V)	Package Style (Meter)	Package Equivalence Code	Minimum Supply Voltage	Maximum Operating Temperature	Maximum Data Transfer Rate	Minimum Operating Temperature	Terminal Finish	Terminal Position	Maximum Seated Height	RAM Words	Width	Additional Features	Boundary Scan	External Data Bus Width	Data Encoding or Decoding Method	Communication Protocol	Maximum Clock Frequency	Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s)	Peak Reflow Temperature (C)	Length	Technology	Maximum Supply Current	Nominal Supply Voltage	No. of DMA Channels	No. of Serial I/Os	Sub-Category	Bus Compatibility	Terminal Pitch	JESD-30 Code	Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL)	Qualification	Low Power Mode	JESD-609 Code	No. of I/O Lines
XR17V358IB176-F	Exar	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, SERIAL	INDUSTRIAL	BALL	176	LFBGA	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES				0	3.3	GRID ARRAY, LOW PROFILE, FINE PITCH	BGA176,15X15,32		85 Cel	3.125 MBps	-40 Cel	TIN SILVER COPPER	BOTTOM	1.5 mm		13 mm		YES	8	NRZ	ASYNC, BIT			245	13 mm	CMOS		1.2 V		8	Serial IO/Communication Controllers	PCI	.8 mm	S-PBGA-B176	4	Not Qualified	YES	e1
XR17V354IB176-F	Exar	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, SERIAL	INDUSTRIAL	BALL	176	LFBGA	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES				0	3.3	GRID ARRAY, LOW PROFILE, FINE PITCH	BGA176,15X15,32		85 Cel	3.125 MBps	-40 Cel	TIN SILVER COPPER	BOTTOM	1.5 mm		13 mm		YES	8	NRZ	ASYNC, BIT			245	13 mm	CMOS		1.2 V		3	Serial IO/Communication Controllers	PCI	.8 mm	S-PBGA-B176	4	Not Qualified	YES	e1
TI380C30APGF	Texas Instruments	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, SERIAL	OTHER	GULL WING	176	LFQFP	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	5.25 V			32	5	FLATPACK, LOW PROFILE, FINE PITCH	QFP176,1.0SQ,20	4.75 V	95 Cel	2 MBps	0 Cel		QUAD	1.6 mm		24 mm		YES	16	BIPH-LEVEL(MANCHESTER)		33 MHz	NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	24 mm	CMOS		5 V		2	Serial IO/Communication Controllers	PCMCIA; 80X8X; 68XXX	.5 mm	S-PQFP-G176		Not Qualified	YES
TSB12LV21BMPGFEP	Texas Instruments	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, SERIAL	MILITARY	GULL WING	176	LFQFP	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES				0		FLATPACK, LOW PROFILE, FINE PITCH			125 Cel	50 MBps	-55 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	QUAD	1.6 mm		24 mm		NO	0		ASYNC, BIT		30	260	24 mm	CMOS		3.3 V	5			PCI	.5 mm	S-PQFP-G176	3		NO	e4
TSB12LV21APGF	Texas Instruments	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, SERIAL	COMMERCIAL	GULL WING	176	LFQFP	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	3.6 V			32	3.3/5	FLATPACK, LOW PROFILE, FINE PITCH	QFP176,1.0SQ,20	3 V	70 Cel	50 MBps	0 Cel		QUAD	1.6 mm		24 mm	ALSO REQUIRES 5V SUPPLY	NO	32			50 MHz	NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	24 mm	CMOS		3.3 V		1	Bus Controllers	PCI	.5 mm	S-PQFP-G176		Not Qualified	NO
TSB12LV21BPGF	Texas Instruments	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, SERIAL	COMMERCIAL	GULL WING	176	LFQFP	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	3.6 V			32	3.3/5	FLATPACK, LOW PROFILE, FINE PITCH	QFP176,1.0SQ,20	3 V	70 Cel	50 MBps	0 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	QUAD	1.6 mm		24 mm	ALSO REQUIRES 4.5 TO 5.5 VOLTS	NO	32		IEEE1394	33 MHz	30	260	24 mm	CMOS		3.3 V	5	1	Bus Controllers	PCI	.5 mm	S-PQFP-G176	3	Not Qualified	NO	e4
TSB43CA42PGF	Texas Instruments	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, SERIAL	COMMERCIAL	GULL WING	176	LFQFP	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	3.6 V			10	3.3	FLATPACK, LOW PROFILE, FINE PITCH	QFP176,1.0SQ,20	3 V	70 Cel	50 MBps	-20 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	QUAD	1.6 mm		24 mm		YES	16			24.576 MHz	30	260	24 mm	CMOS		3.3 V		2	Bus Controllers	68000; MPC850	.5 mm	S-PQFP-G176	3	Not Qualified	YES	e4
TSB43CB43AIGGW	Texas Instruments	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, SERIAL	INDUSTRIAL	BALL	176	LFBGA	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	3.6 V			10	3.3	GRID ARRAY, LOW PROFILE, FINE PITCH	BGA176,17X17,32	3 V	85 Cel	50 MBps	-40 Cel		BOTTOM	1.4 mm		15 mm		YES	16			24.576 MHz			15 mm	CMOS		3.3 V		2	Bus Controllers	68000; MPC850	.8 mm	S-PBGA-B176		Not Qualified	YES
TSB43CA42ZGW	Texas Instruments	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, SERIAL	COMMERCIAL	BALL	176	LFBGA	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	3.6 V			10	3.3	GRID ARRAY, LOW PROFILE, FINE PITCH	BGA176,17X17,32	3 V	70 Cel	50 MBps	-20 Cel	TIN SILVER COPPER	BOTTOM	1.4 mm		15 mm		YES	16		IEEE1394	24.576 MHz	30	260	15 mm	CMOS		3.3 V		2	Bus Controllers	68000; MPC850	.8 mm	S-PBGA-B176	3	Not Qualified	YES	e1	11
TSB82AA2BZGW	Texas Instruments	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, SERIAL	COMMERCIAL	BALL	176	LFBGA	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	3.6 V			64		GRID ARRAY		3 V	70 Cel	100 MBps	0 Cel		BOTTOM	1.4 mm		15 mm	NETWORK PROTOCOL= IEEE1394B	NO	64		ASYNC, BIT	33 MHz			15 mm	CMOS		3.3 V		1		PCI	.8 mm	S-PBGA-B176		Not Qualified	YES
TSB43CA43AGGW	Texas Instruments	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, SERIAL	COMMERCIAL	BALL	176	LFBGA	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	3.6 V			10	3.3	GRID ARRAY, LOW PROFILE, FINE PITCH	BGA176,17X17,32	3 V	70 Cel	50 MBps	-20 Cel		BOTTOM	1.4 mm		15 mm		YES	16			24.576 MHz	NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	15 mm	CMOS		3.3 V		2	Bus Controllers	68000; MPC850	.8 mm	S-PBGA-B176		Not Qualified	YES
TSB12LV21BPGFG4	Texas Instruments	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, SERIAL	COMMERCIAL	GULL WING	176	LFQFP	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	3.6 V			32	3.3/5	FLATPACK, LOW PROFILE, FINE PITCH	QFP176,1.0SQ,20	3 V	70 Cel	50 MBps	0 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	QUAD	1.6 mm		24 mm	ALSO REQUIRES 4.5 TO 5.5 VOLTS	NO	32		IEEE1394	33 MHz	30	260	24 mm	CMOS		3.3 V	5	1	Bus Controllers	PCI	.5 mm	S-PQFP-G176	3	Not Qualified	NO	e4
V62/08625-01XE	Texas Instruments	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, SERIAL	MILITARY	GULL WING	176	LFQFP	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES				0	3.3,5	FLATPACK, LOW PROFILE, FINE PITCH	QFP176,1.0SQ,20		125 Cel	50 MBps	-55 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	QUAD	1.6 mm		24 mm		NO	0		ASYNC, BIT		30	260	24 mm	CMOS		3.3 V	5		Bus Controllers	PCI	.5 mm	S-PQFP-G176	3		NO	e4
TSB43CA42GGW	Texas Instruments	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, SERIAL	COMMERCIAL	BALL	176	LFBGA	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	3.6 V			10	3.3	GRID ARRAY, LOW PROFILE, FINE PITCH	BGA176,17X17,32	3 V	70 Cel	50 MBps	-20 Cel		BOTTOM	1.4 mm		15 mm		YES	16			24.576 MHz	NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	15 mm	CMOS		3.3 V		2	Bus Controllers	68000; MPC850	.8 mm	S-PBGA-B176		Not Qualified	YES
TSB43CB43APGFG4	Texas Instruments	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, SERIAL	COMMERCIAL	GULL WING	176	LFQFP	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	3.6 V			10		FLATPACK, LOW PROFILE, FINE PITCH		3 V	70 Cel	50 MBps	-20 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	QUAD	1.6 mm		24 mm		YES	16		IEEE1394A	24.576 MHz	30	260	24 mm	CMOS		3.3 V		2		68000; MPC850	.5 mm	S-PQFP-G176	3	Not Qualified	YES	e4	11
TSB43AA82IGGW	Texas Instruments	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, SERIAL	INDUSTRIAL	BALL	176	LFBGA	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	3.6 V			16	3.3	GRID ARRAY, LOW PROFILE, FINE PITCH	BGA176,17X17,32	3 V	85 Cel	50 MBps	-40 Cel		BOTTOM	1.4 mm		15 mm		NO	16			24.576 MHz	NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	15 mm	CMOS		3.3 V		2	Bus Controllers		.8 mm	S-PBGA-B176		Not Qualified	YES
TSB12LV21AMPGF	Texas Instruments	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, LAN	MILITARY	GULL WING	176	LFQFP	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	3.6 V			32		FLATPACK, LOW PROFILE, FINE PITCH		3 V	125 Cel	50 MBps	-55 Cel		QUAD	1.6 mm		24 mm	ALSO REQUIRES 5V SUPPLY	NO	32			50 MHz			24 mm	CMOS		3.3 V		1		PCI	.5 mm	S-PQFP-G176		Not Qualified	NO
5962-9752901NXA	Texas Instruments	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, LAN	MILITARY	GULL WING	176	LFQFP	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	3.6 V			32		FLATPACK, LOW PROFILE, FINE PITCH		3 V	125 Cel	50 MBps	-55 Cel	TIN LEAD	QUAD	1.6 mm		24 mm	ALSO REQUIRES 5V SUPPLY	NO	32			50 MHz			24 mm	CMOS		3.3 V		1		PCI	.5 mm	S-PQFP-G176		Not Qualified	NO	e0
TSB43CA43AZGW	Texas Instruments	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, SERIAL	COMMERCIAL	BALL	176	LFBGA	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	3.6 V			10	3.3	GRID ARRAY, LOW PROFILE, FINE PITCH	BGA176,17X17,32	3 V	70 Cel	50 MBps	-20 Cel		BOTTOM	1.4 mm		15 mm		YES	16			24.576 MHz	NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	15 mm	CMOS		3.3 V		2	Bus Controllers	68000; MPC850	.8 mm	S-PBGA-B176		Not Qualified	YES
5962-9752901NXX	Texas Instruments	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, LAN	MILITARY	GULL WING	176	LFQFP	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	3.6 V		MIL-PRF-38535 Class N	32		FLATPACK, LOW PROFILE, FINE PITCH		3 V	125 Cel	50 MBps	-55 Cel		QUAD	1.6 mm		24 mm	ALSO REQUIRES 5V SUPPLY	NO	32			50 MHz			24 mm	CMOS		3.3 V		1		PCI	.5 mm	S-PQFP-G176		Not Qualified	NO
TSB12LV21BMPGF	Texas Instruments	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, SERIAL	MILITARY	GULL WING	176	LFQFP	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	3.6 V			32	3.3,5	FLATPACK, LOW PROFILE, FINE PITCH	QFP176,1.0SQ,20	3 V	125 Cel	50 MBps	-55 Cel		QUAD	1.6 mm		24 mm	ALSO REQUIRES 4.5 TO 5.5 VOLTS	NO	32			33 MHz			24 mm	CMOS		3.3 V		1	Bus Controllers	PCI	.5 mm	S-PQFP-G176		Not Qualified	NO
TSB43CA43APGF	Texas Instruments	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, SERIAL	COMMERCIAL	GULL WING	176	LFQFP	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	3.6 V			10	3.3	FLATPACK, LOW PROFILE, FINE PITCH	QFP176,1.0SQ,20	3 V	70 Cel	50 MBps	-20 Cel		QUAD	1.6 mm		24 mm		YES	16			24.576 MHz	NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	24 mm	CMOS		3.3 V		2	Bus Controllers	68000; MPC850	.5 mm	S-PQFP-G176		Not Qualified	YES
TSB12LV21BIPGF	Texas Instruments	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, SERIAL	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	176	LFQFP	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	3.6 V			32	3.3,5	FLATPACK, LOW PROFILE, FINE PITCH	QFP176,1.0SQ,20	3 V	85 Cel	50 MBps	-40 Cel		QUAD	1.6 mm		24 mm	ALSO REQUIRES 4.5 TO 5.5 VOLTS	NO	32			33 MHz	NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	24 mm	CMOS		3.3 V		1	Bus Controllers	PCI	.5 mm	S-PQFP-G176		Not Qualified	NO
TSB82AA2ZGW	Texas Instruments	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, SERIAL	COMMERCIAL	BALL	176	LFBGA	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	3.6 V			64	3.3,3.3/5	GRID ARRAY, LOW PROFILE, FINE PITCH	BGA176,17X17,32	3 V	70 Cel	100 MBps	0 Cel	TIN SILVER COPPER	BOTTOM	1.4 mm		15 mm	ALSO REQUIRES 5V SUPPLY	NO	64		IEEE1394B	33 MHz	30	260	15 mm	CMOS		3.3 V		1	Bus Controllers	PCI	.8 mm	S-PBGA-B176	3	Not Qualified	YES	e1	2
TI380C30PGF	Texas Instruments	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, LAN	COMMERCIAL	GULL WING	176	LFQFP	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	5.25 V	0		32	5	FLATPACK, LOW PROFILE, FINE PITCH	QFP176,1.0SQ,20	4.75 V	70 Cel	.5 MBps	0 Cel		QUAD	1.6 mm	0	24 mm		YES	16	BIPH-LEVEL(MANCHESTER)		64 MHz	NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	24 mm	CMOS	200 mA	5 V	1	1	Serial IO/Communication Controllers	80X8X; 68XXX	.5 mm	S-PQFP-G176		Not Qualified	YES		0
TSB82AA2GGW	Texas Instruments	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, SERIAL	COMMERCIAL	BALL	176	LFBGA	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	3.6 V			64	3.3,3.3/5	GRID ARRAY, LOW PROFILE, FINE PITCH	BGA176,17X17,32	3 V	70 Cel	100 MBps	0 Cel	TIN LEAD	BOTTOM	1.4 mm		15 mm	ALSO REQUIRES 5V SUPPLY	NO	64			33 MHz	20	220	15 mm	CMOS		3.3 V		1	Bus Controllers	PCI	.8 mm	S-PBGA-B176	3	Not Qualified	YES	e0
TSB43AA82GGW	Texas Instruments	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, SERIAL	COMMERCIAL	BALL	176	LFBGA	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	3.6 V			16	3.3	GRID ARRAY, LOW PROFILE, FINE PITCH	BGA176,17X17,32	3 V	70 Cel	50 MBps	0 Cel		BOTTOM	1.4 mm		15 mm		NO	16			24.576 MHz	NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	15 mm	CMOS		3.3 V		2	Bus Controllers		.8 mm	S-PBGA-B176		Not Qualified	YES
TSB12LV21AIPGF	Texas Instruments	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, LAN	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	176	LFQFP	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	3.6 V			32		FLATPACK, LOW PROFILE, FINE PITCH		3 V	85 Cel	50 MBps	-40 Cel		QUAD	1.6 mm		24 mm	ALSO REQUIRES 5V SUPPLY	NO	32			50 MHz			24 mm	CMOS		3.3 V		1		PCI	.5 mm	S-PQFP-G176		Not Qualified	NO
TSB43CA42PGFG4	Texas Instruments	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, SERIAL	COMMERCIAL	GULL WING	176	LFQFP	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	3.6 V			10	3.3	FLATPACK, LOW PROFILE, FINE PITCH	QFP176,1.0SQ,20	3 V	70 Cel	50 MBps	-20 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	QUAD	1.6 mm		24 mm		YES	16			24.576 MHz	30	260	24 mm	CMOS		3.3 V		2	Bus Controllers	68000; MPC850	.5 mm	S-PQFP-G176	3	Not Qualified	YES	e4
5962-9752901NXB	Texas Instruments	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, LAN	MILITARY	GULL WING	176	LFQFP	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	3.6 V		MIL-PRF-38535 Class N	32	3.3	FLATPACK, LOW PROFILE, FINE PITCH	QFP176,1.0SQ,20	3 V	125 Cel	50 MBps	-55 Cel		QUAD	1.6 mm		24 mm	ALSO REQUIRES 5V SUPPLY	NO	32			50 MHz	NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	24 mm	CMOS		3.3 V		1	Bus Controllers	PCI	.5 mm	S-PQFP-G176		Not Qualified	NO
TSB43CB43APGF	Texas Instruments	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, SERIAL	COMMERCIAL	GULL WING	176	LFQFP	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	3.6 V			10	3.3	FLATPACK, LOW PROFILE, FINE PITCH	QFP176,1.0SQ,20	3 V	70 Cel	50 MBps	-20 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	QUAD	1.6 mm		24 mm		YES	16		IEEE1394	24.576 MHz	30	260	24 mm	CMOS		3.3 V		2	Bus Controllers	68000; MPC850	.5 mm	S-PQFP-G176	3	Not Qualified	YES	e4	11
PEB20320(QFP176)	Infineon Technologies	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, MULTI PROTOCOL	COMMERCIAL	GULL WING	176	QFP	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES					5	FLATPACK	QFP176,.87SQ,16		70 Cel		0 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	QUAD													CMOS	100 mA	5 V			Serial IO/Communication Controllers		.4 mm	S-PQFP-G176		Not Qualified		e0
PEF20320(QFP176)	Infineon Technologies	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, MULTI PROTOCOL	INDUSTRIAL	GULL WING	176	QFP	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES					5	FLATPACK	QFP176,.87SQ,16		85 Cel		-40 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	QUAD													CMOS	100 mA	5 V			Serial IO/Communication Controllers		.4 mm	S-PQFP-G176		Not Qualified		e0
HD64572	Renesas Electronics	SERIAL IO/COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER, MULTI PROTOCOL	COMMERCIAL EXTENDED	GULL WING	176	LFQFP	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY	YES	5.25 V			32		FLATPACK, LOW PROFILE, FINE PITCH		4.75 V	75 Cel	3.125 MBps	-20 Cel	TIN LEAD	QUAD	1.7 mm		24 mm		NO	32	NRZ; NRZI; BIPH-MARK(FM1); BIPH-SPACE(FM0); BIPH-LEVEL(MANCHESTER)	ASYNC, BIT; SYNC, BYTE; SYNC, HDLC; SYNC, SDLC; BISYNC; X.21; X.25; LAPB; LAPD; DDCMP				24 mm	CMOS		5 V		2		80486; 680X0; 80386; SH SERIES; 8086	.5 mm	S-PQFP-G176		Not Qualified	NO	e0

Serial Communication Controllers

Serial communication controllers are electronic devices that manage the input/output operations between a computer or microcontroller and other devices through serial communication protocols such as UART, SPI, I2C, and USB. These controllers provide an interface that allows the computer or microcontroller to send and receive data over a serial connection and manage the communication operations.

Serial communication controllers can be integrated into the computer or microcontroller's chipset or added as an external module. They typically include a serial interface that connects to the device and a host interface that connects to the computer or microcontroller's bus system. The serial interface can be based on various standards such as UART, SPI, or I2C, while the host interface can be based on various standards such as PCI, PCIe, or USB.

Serial communication controllers offer various benefits such as increased data transfer rates, improved reliability, and increased compatibility with a wide range of devices. They also provide advanced features such as error checking, flow control, and clock synchronization that can improve the accuracy and reliability of the communication.