1 W Fixed Resistors 2,400+

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Part	Manufacturer	Resistor Type	Mounting Type	Resistance	Rated Power Dissipation (P)	Maximum Operating Temperature	Tolerance	Diameter (Lead)	Rated Temperature	Technology	Shape (Package)	Construction	Packing Method	Size Code	No. of Terminals	Package Style (Meter)	Terminal Shape	Sub-Category	Dimensions	Minimum Operating Temperature	Temperature Coef (ppm/Cel)	Terminal Finish	Height (Package)	Operating Voltage	Additional Features	Length (Package)	JESD-609 Code	Series	Diameter (Package)	Reference Standard	Width (Package)
CRCW25121R37FKEG	Vishay Intertechnology	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	1.37 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	1 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM		Rectangular	TR, BLISTER, 7 INCH	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	100	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	.6 mm	500 V	LASER TRIMMABLE, RATED AC VOLTAGE (V): 500	6.3 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	3.15 mm
CRCW25121R37FNEG	Vishay Intertechnology	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	1.37 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	1 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		TR, BLISTER, 7 INCH	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	200	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	.6 mm	500 V	LASER TRIMMABLE, RATED AC VOLTAGE (V): 500	6.3 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	3.15 mm
CRCW2512220RFKEG	Vishay Intertechnology	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	220 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	1 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM		Rectangular	TR, BLISTER, 7 INCH	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	100	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	.6 mm	500 V	LASER TRIMMABLE, RATED AC VOLTAGE (V): 500	6.3 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	3.15 mm
CRCW25122K20FKTG	Vishay Intertechnology	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	2200 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	1 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM		Rectangular	TR, BLISTER, 7 INCH	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	100	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	.6 mm	500 V	LASER TRIMMABLE, RATED AC VOLTAGE(V): 500	6.3 mm	e0			AEC-Q200	3.15 mm
CRCW25122K40FKEG	Vishay Intertechnology	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	2400 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	1 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM		Rectangular	TR, BLISTER, 7 INCH	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	100	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	.6 mm	500 V	LASER TRIMMABLE, RATED AC VOLTAGE (V): 500	6.3 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	3.15 mm
CRCW25122K70FKEG	Vishay Intertechnology	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	2700 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	1 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM		Rectangular	TR, BLISTER, 7 INCH	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	100	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	.6 mm	500 V	LASER TRIMMABLE, RATED AC VOLTAGE (V): 500	6.3 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	3.15 mm
CRCW25123K00FKEG	Vishay Intertechnology	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	3000 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	1 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM		Rectangular	TR, BLISTER, 7 INCH	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	100	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	.6 mm	500 V	LASER TRIMMABLE, RATED AC VOLTAGE (V): 500	6.3 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	3.15 mm
CRCW25123K00JNEG	Vishay Intertechnology	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	3000 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	5 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM		Rectangular	TR, BLISTER, 7 INCH	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	200	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	.6 mm	500 V	LASER TRIMMABLE, RATED AC VOLTAGE (V): 500	6.3 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	3.15 mm
CRCW25124K70JNEG	Vishay Intertechnology	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	4700 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	5 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM		Rectangular	TR, BLISTER, 7 INCH	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	200	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	.6 mm	500 V	LASER TRIMMABLE, RATED AC VOLTAGE (V): 500	6.3 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	3.15 mm
CRCW25125K62FKTG	Vishay Intertechnology	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	5620 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	1 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM		Rectangular	TR, BLISTER, 7 INCH	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	100	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	.6 mm	500 V	LASER TRIMMABLE, RATED AC VOLTAGE(V): 500	6.3 mm	e0			AEC-Q200	3.15 mm
CRCW25125R62FKEG	Vishay Intertechnology	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	5.62 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	1 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM		Rectangular	TR, BLISTER, 7 INCH	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	100	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	.6 mm	500 V	LASER TRIMMABLE, RATED AC VOLTAGE (V): 500	6.3 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	3.15 mm
CRCW251262R0FKEG	Vishay Intertechnology	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	62 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	1 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM		Rectangular	TR, BLISTER, 7 INCH	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	100	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	.6 mm	500 V	LASER TRIMMABLE, RATED AC VOLTAGE (V): 500	6.3 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	3.15 mm
CRCW251268R0FKEG	Vishay Intertechnology	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	68 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	1 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM		Rectangular	TR, BLISTER, 7 INCH	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	100	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	.6 mm	500 V	LASER TRIMMABLE, RATED AC VOLTAGE (V): 500	6.3 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	3.15 mm
CRCW251275K0FKEG	Vishay Intertechnology	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	75000 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	1 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM		Rectangular	TR, BLISTER, 7 INCH	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	100	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	.6 mm	500 V	LASER TRIMMABLE, RATED AC VOLTAGE (V): 500	6.3 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	3.15 mm
CRCW251282K0FKEG	Vishay Intertechnology	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	82000 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	1 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM		Rectangular	TR, BLISTER, 7 INCH	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	100	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	.6 mm	500 V	LASER TRIMMABLE, RATED AC VOLTAGE (V): 500	6.3 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	3.15 mm
CRGCQ2512F12K	TE Connectivity	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	12000 ohm	1 W		1 %			THICK FILM	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		TR	2512	2		WRAPAROUND		6.35mm x 3.2mm x .55mm		100			200 V
CRGCQ2512J22R	TE Connectivity	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	22 ohm	1 W		5 %			THICK FILM	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		TR	2512	2		WRAPAROUND		6.35mm x 3.2mm x .55mm		200			200 V
CRGCQ2512J470R	TE Connectivity	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	470 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	5 %		70 Cel	THICK FILM	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	Rectangular	TR	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND		6.35mm x 3.2mm x .55mm	-55 Cel	100		.55 mm	200 V		6.35 mm				AEC-Q200	3.2 mm
CRL2512-JW-R680ELF	Bourns	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.68 ohm	1 W	125 Cel	5 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	Rectangular	TR, Embossed Plastic, 7 Inch	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	200	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	.6 mm	.8246 V		6.3 mm	e3				3.1 mm
CRM2010-FX-1001ELF	Bourns	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	1000 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	1 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	Rectangular	TR, 7 INCH	2010	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	100	TIN OVER NICKEL	.6 mm	.954 V	PRECISION	5 mm	e3				2.5 mm
ERJ1TNF14R0U	Panasonic	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	14 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	1 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	100	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	.6 mm	200 V	PRECISION, STANDARD: IEC60115-8	6.4 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	3.2 mm
ERJ1TNF33R0U	Panasonic	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	33 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	1 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	100	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	.6 mm	200 V	PRECISION, STANDARD: IEC60115-8	6.4 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	3.2 mm
ERJ1TNF36R5U	Panasonic	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	36.5 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	1 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	100	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	.6 mm	200 V	PRECISION, STANDARD: IEC60115-8	6.4 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	3.2 mm
ERJ1TRQF1R5U	Panasonic	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	1.5 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	1 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	100	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	.6 mm	1.2247 V	IEC60115-8	6.4 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	3.2 mm
ERJ1TRQF6R8U	Panasonic	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	6.8 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	1 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	100	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	.6 mm	2.6077 V	IEC60115-8	6.4 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	3.2 mm
ERJ1TYJ133U	Panasonic	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	13000 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	5 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	200	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	.6 mm	200 V	IEC60115-8	6.4 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	3.2 mm
ERJ1TYJ1R3U	Panasonic	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	1.3 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	5 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	-100,600	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	.6 mm	200 V	IEC60115-8	6.4 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	3.2 mm
ERJ1TYJ200U	Panasonic	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	20 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	5 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	200	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	.6 mm	200 V	IEC60115-8	6.4 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	3.2 mm
ERJ8BWFR030V	Panasonic	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.03 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	1 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	Rectangular	TR, PUNCHED, 7 INCH	1206	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	0,150	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	.65 mm	.1732 V	IEC60115-8	3.2 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	1.6 mm
ERJB2CFR10V	Panasonic	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.1 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	1 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM		Rectangular	TR, PUNCHED, 7 INCH	0612	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	0,100	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	.55 mm	200 V		1.6 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	3.2 mm
ERJM1WSF16MU	Panasonic	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.016 ohm	1 W	170 Cel	1 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		TAPE, EMBOSSED	2512	2		WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel		Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier			HIGH PRECISION		e3
ERJM1WSF4M0U	Panasonic	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.004 ohm	1 W	170 Cel	1 %		70 Cel	METAL STRIP	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	Rectangular	TR, Embossed, 7 Inch	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	350	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier	.8 mm		HIGH PRECISION	6.4 mm	e3				3.2 mm
ERJM1WTF2M0U	Panasonic	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.002 ohm	1 W	170 Cel	1 %		70 Cel	METAL STRIP	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	Rectangular	TR, Embossed, 7 Inch	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	150	Tin (Sn)	.8 mm		HIGH PRECISION	6.4 mm	e3				3.2 mm
ERJS1TF14R0U	Panasonic	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	14 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	1 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	100	TIN	.6 mm	200 V	ANTI-SULFUR, IEC60115-8	6.4 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	3.2 mm
ERJS1TF3481U	Panasonic	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	3480 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	1 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	100	TIN	.6 mm	200 V	ANTI-SULFUR, IEC60115-8	6.4 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	3.2 mm
ERJS1TJ101U	Panasonic	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	100 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	5 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	200	TIN	.6 mm	200 V	ANTI-SULFUR, IEC60115-8	6.4 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	3.2 mm
ERJU1TF14R0U	Panasonic	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	14 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	1 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM		Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	100	TIN	.6 mm	200 V	ANTI-SULFUR, IEC60115-8	6.4 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	3.2 mm
ERJU1TF68R0U	Panasonic	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	68 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	1 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM		Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	100	TIN	.6 mm	200 V	ANTI-SULFUR, IEC60115-8	6.4 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	3.2 mm
ERJU1TJ101U	Panasonic	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	100 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	5 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM		Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	200	TIN	.6 mm	200 V	ANTI-SULFUR, IEC60115-8	6.4 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	3.2 mm
ERJU1TJ1R3U	Panasonic	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	1.3 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	5 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM		Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	-100,600	TIN	.6 mm	200 V	ANTI-SULFUR, IEC60115-8	6.4 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	3.2 mm
FMP100JR-52-0R33	Yageo	FIXED RESISTOR	THROUGH HOLE MOUNT	.33 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	5 %	.55 mm	70 Cel	METAL FILM		Tubular	TR, PAPER, 12 INCH		2	Axial	WIRE			-55 Cel				350 V	FLAME PROOF	6.3 mm			2.4 mm
GP65-205-JTW	Rcd Components	FIXED RESISTOR		2000000 ohm	1 W	160 Cel	5 %	.75 mm		METAL FILM	CYLINDRICAL PACKAGE	Cylindrical	TR		2	Axial		Fixed Resistors		-55 Cel	200	MATTE TIN		400 V		11.5 mm	e3	GP	4.5 mm
HRG3216P-1000-B-T1	Susumu	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	100 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	.1 %		70 Cel	THIN FILM		Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	1206	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	25	MATTE TIN	.45 mm	200 V	ANTI-SULFUR	3.2 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	1.6 mm
HRG3216P-1002-D-T1	Susumu	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	10000 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	.5 %		70 Cel	THIN FILM		Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	1206	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	25	MATTE TIN	.45 mm	200 V	ANTI-SULFUR	3.2 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	1.6 mm
HRG3216P-1210-D-T1	Susumu	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	121 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	.5 %		70 Cel	THIN FILM		Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	1206	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	25	MATTE TIN	.45 mm	200 V	ANTI-SULFUR	3.2 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	1.6 mm
HRG3216P-2001-D-T1	Susumu	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	2000 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	.5 %		70 Cel	THIN FILM		Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH	1206	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	25	MATTE TIN	.45 mm	200 V	ANTI-SULFUR	3.2 mm	e3			AEC-Q200	1.6 mm
HV733ATTE126J	Koa Speer Electronics	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	12000000 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	5 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM		Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 7 INCH	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	200	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	.6 mm	3000 V		6.3 mm	e3			IEC60115-8	3.1 mm
HV733ATTE1805F	Koa Speer Electronics	FIXED RESISTOR	SURFACE MOUNT	18000000 ohm	1 W	155 Cel	1 %		70 Cel	METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM		Rectangular	TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 7 INCH	2512	2	SMT	WRAPAROUND			-55 Cel	200	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	.6 mm	3000 V		6.3 mm	e3			IEC60115-8	3.1 mm

Fixed Resistors

Fixed resistors are passive electronic components that are used to resist the flow of electric current in a circuit. They have a fixed value of resistance, meaning their resistance cannot be adjusted once they are manufactured. They are commonly used to set the bias of transistors, control the gain of amplifiers, or limit the current flowing through an LED. Fixed resistors come in various sizes, power ratings, and tolerances.

There are two types of fixed resistors: through-hole and surface mount. Through-hole resistors have leads that are inserted into holes on the printed circuit board (PCB), while surface mount resistors have terminals that are soldered directly to the surface of the PCB. Through-hole resistors are larger and easier to work with, but surface mount resistors are smaller and more suitable for miniaturized electronic devices.

Fixed resistors can be made from a variety of materials, including carbon, metal, and wire-wound. Carbon resistors are inexpensive and widely used, but they have a lower tolerance and are more susceptible to noise than other types. Metal film resistors have a higher tolerance and better stability, making them ideal for use in precision circuits. Wire-wound resistors have a higher power rating and are used in high power applications, such as power supplies and amplifiers.