Part | RoHS | Manufacturer | Resistor Type | Mounting Type | Resistance | Rated Power Dissipation (P) | Maximum Operating Temperature | Tolerance | Diameter (Lead) | Spacing (Lead) | Rated Temperature | No. of Functions | Technology | Shape (Package) | No. of Elements | Construction | Packing Method | Size Code | Network Type | No. of Terminals | Package Style (Meter) | Terminal Shape | Sub-Category | Dimensions | First Element Resistance | Minimum Operating Temperature | Temperature Coef (ppm/Cel) | Terminal Finish | Length (Lead) | Height (Package) | Manufacturer Series | Operating Voltage | Additional Features | Length (Package) | JESD-609 Code | Series | Diameter (Package) | Reference Standard | Width (Package) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
10 ohm |
.125 W |
155 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM |
Rectangular |
TR, Paper, 7 Inch |
0805 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
100 |
MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL |
.5 mm |
150 V |
2 mm |
e3 |
1.25 mm |
||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
10000 ohm |
.125 W |
155 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM |
Rectangular |
TR, Paper, 7 Inch |
0805 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
100 |
MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL |
.5 mm |
150 V |
2 mm |
e3 |
1.25 mm |
||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
.27 ohm |
.5 W |
125 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM |
RECTANGULAR PACKAGE |
Rectangular |
TR, Paper, 7 Inch |
1206 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
200 |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
.6 mm |
.3674 V |
3.2 mm |
e3 |
1.6 mm |
|||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
JUMPER |
SURFACE MOUNT |
0 ohm |
.0625 W |
155 Cel |
70 Cel |
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM |
Rectangular |
TR, PAPER, 7 INCH |
0402 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL |
.32 mm |
RATED CURRENT : 1A |
1 mm |
e3 |
.5 mm |
||||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
10000 ohm |
.125 W |
155 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
THIN FILM |
RECTANGULAR PACKAGE |
Rectangular |
TR, PAPER, 7 INCH |
0805 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
50 |
MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL |
.55 mm |
150 V |
PRECISION |
2 mm |
e3 |
1.25 mm |
||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
JUMPER |
SURFACE MOUNT |
0 ohm |
.1 W |
155 Cel |
70 Cel |
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM |
Rectangular |
TR, PAPER, 7 INCH |
0603 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
.45 mm |
RATED CURRENT : 1A |
1.6 mm |
e3 |
.8 mm |
||||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
10000 ohm |
.1 W |
155 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM |
RECTANGULAR PACKAGE |
Rectangular |
TR, Paper, 7 Inch |
0603 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
100 |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
.45 mm |
75 V |
1.6 mm |
e3 |
.8 mm |
|||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
10000 ohm |
.063 W |
155 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM |
Rectangular |
TR, Paper, 7 Inch |
0402 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
100 |
MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL |
.32 mm |
50 V |
1 mm |
e3 |
.5 mm |
||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
JUMPER |
SURFACE MOUNT |
0 ohm |
.25 W |
155 Cel |
70 Cel |
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM |
Rectangular |
TR, PAPER, 7 INCH |
1206 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
.55 mm |
RATED CURRENT : 2A |
3.1 mm |
e3 |
1.55 mm |
||||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
4.7 ohm |
2 W |
155 Cel |
5 % |
70 Cel |
THICK FILM |
Rectangular |
TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH |
2512 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
200 |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
.6 mm |
300 V |
6.4 mm |
e3 |
3.2 mm |
||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
JUMPER |
SURFACE MOUNT |
0 ohm |
.125 W |
155 Cel |
70 Cel |
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM |
Rectangular |
TR, PAPER, 7 INCH |
0805 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL |
.5 mm |
RATED CURRENT : 2A |
2 mm |
e3 |
1.25 mm |
||||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
4700 ohm |
.1 W |
155 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM |
RECTANGULAR PACKAGE |
Rectangular |
TR, Paper, 7 Inch |
0603 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
100 |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
.45 mm |
75 V |
1.6 mm |
e3 |
.8 mm |
|||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
1000 ohm |
.1 W |
155 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM |
RECTANGULAR PACKAGE |
Rectangular |
TR, Paper, 7 Inch |
0603 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
100 |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
.45 mm |
75 V |
1.6 mm |
e3 |
.8 mm |
|||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
100000 ohm |
.1 W |
155 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
RECTANGULAR PACKAGE |
0603 |
2 |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
100 |
Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier |
50 V |
e3 |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
JUMPER |
SURFACE MOUNT |
0 ohm |
.1 W |
155 Cel |
70 Cel |
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM |
Rectangular |
TR, Paper, 7 Inch |
0603 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
.45 mm |
RATED CURRENT: 1A |
1.6 mm |
e3 |
AEC-Q200 |
.8 mm |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
1000 ohm |
.1 W |
155 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
RECTANGULAR PACKAGE |
0603 |
2 |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
100 |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
50 V |
e3 |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
.01 ohm |
3 W |
170 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
METAL ALLOY |
Rectangular |
TR, Embossed, 7 Inch |
2512 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
50 |
MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL |
.7 mm |
6.4 mm |
e3 |
AEC-Q200 |
3.2 mm |
||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
100 ohm |
.063 W |
155 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM |
Rectangular |
TR, Paper, 7 Inch |
0402 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
100 |
MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL |
.32 mm |
50 V |
1 mm |
e3 |
.5 mm |
||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
1000 ohm |
.063 W |
155 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM |
Rectangular |
TR, Paper, 7 Inch |
0402 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
100 |
MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL |
.32 mm |
50 V |
1 mm |
e3 |
.5 mm |
||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
100000 ohm |
.063 W |
155 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM |
Rectangular |
TR, Paper, 7 Inch |
0402 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
100 |
MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL |
.32 mm |
50 V |
1 mm |
e3 |
.5 mm |
||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
1000 ohm |
.125 W |
155 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM |
Rectangular |
TR, Paper, 7 Inch |
0805 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
100 |
MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL |
.5 mm |
150 V |
2 mm |
e3 |
1.25 mm |
||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
JUMPER |
SURFACE MOUNT |
0 ohm |
.063 W |
155 Cel |
70 Cel |
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM |
Rectangular |
TR, Paper, 7 Inch |
0402 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
.32 mm |
RATED CURRENT: 1A |
1 mm |
e3 |
AEC-Q200 |
.5 mm |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
JUMPER |
SURFACE MOUNT |
0 ohm |
.1 W |
155 Cel |
70 Cel |
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM |
Rectangular |
TR, Paper, 7 Inch |
0603 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
.45 mm |
RATED CURRENT: 1A |
1.6 mm |
e3 |
AEC-Q200 |
.8 mm |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
10 ohm |
.1 W |
155 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM |
RECTANGULAR PACKAGE |
Rectangular |
TR, Paper, 7 Inch |
0603 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
100 |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
.45 mm |
75 V |
1.6 mm |
e3 |
.8 mm |
|||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
1000000 ohm |
.063 W |
155 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM |
Rectangular |
TR, Paper, 7 Inch |
0402 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
100 |
MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL |
.32 mm |
50 V |
1 mm |
e3 |
.5 mm |
||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
100 ohm |
.1 W |
155 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM |
RECTANGULAR PACKAGE |
Rectangular |
TR, Paper, 7 Inch |
0603 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
100 |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
.45 mm |
75 V |
1.6 mm |
e3 |
.8 mm |
|||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
.1 ohm |
3 W |
170 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
METAL ALLOY |
Rectangular |
TR, Embossed, 7 Inch |
2512 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
50 |
MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL |
.7 mm |
6.4 mm |
e3 |
AEC-Q200 |
3.2 mm |
||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
10 ohm |
.1 W |
155 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM |
Rectangular |
TR, PAPER, 7 INCH |
0603 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
100 |
TIN |
.45 mm |
75 V |
1.6 mm |
e3 |
.8 mm |
||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
100000 ohm |
.1 W |
155 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM |
RECTANGULAR PACKAGE |
Rectangular |
TR, Paper, 7 Inch |
0603 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
100 |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
.45 mm |
75 V |
1.6 mm |
e3 |
.8 mm |
|||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
1000 ohm |
.063 W |
155 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM |
Rectangular |
TR, PAPER, 7 INCH |
0402 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
100 |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
.32 mm |
50 V |
1 mm |
e3 |
AEC-Q200 |
.5 mm |
|||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
10000 ohm |
.1 W |
155 Cel |
5 % |
70 Cel |
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM |
Rectangular |
TR, Paper, 7 Inch |
0603 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
200 |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
.45 mm |
75 V |
1.6 mm |
e3 |
.8 mm |
||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
.05 ohm |
3 W |
170 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
METAL ALLOY |
Rectangular |
TR, Embossed, 7 Inch |
2512 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
50 |
MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL |
.7 mm |
6.4 mm |
e3 |
AEC-Q200 |
3.2 mm |
||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
1 ohm |
2 W |
155 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
THICK FILM |
Rectangular |
TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH |
2512 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
200 |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
.6 mm |
300 V |
6.4 mm |
e3 |
3.2 mm |
||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
1000 ohm |
.1 W |
155 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM |
Rectangular |
TR, PAPER, 7 INCH |
0603 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
100 |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
.45 mm |
50 V |
1.6 mm |
e3 |
AEC-Q200 |
.8 mm |
|||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
3.3 ohm |
2 W |
155 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
THICK FILM |
Rectangular |
TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH |
2512 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
200 |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
.6 mm |
300 V |
6.4 mm |
e3 |
3.2 mm |
||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
14700 ohm |
.1 W |
155 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM |
RECTANGULAR PACKAGE |
Rectangular |
TR, Paper, 7 Inch |
0603 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
100 |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
.45 mm |
75 V |
1.6 mm |
e3 |
.8 mm |
|||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
47 ohm |
2 W |
155 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
THICK FILM |
Rectangular |
TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH |
2512 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
100 |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
.6 mm |
300 V |
6.4 mm |
e3 |
3.2 mm |
||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
100 ohm |
.25 W |
155 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM |
RECTANGULAR PACKAGE |
Rectangular |
TR, Paper, 7 Inch |
1206 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
100 |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
.55 mm |
200 V |
3.1 mm |
e3 |
1.55 mm |
|||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
1000 ohm |
.1 W |
155 Cel |
5 % |
70 Cel |
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM |
Rectangular |
TR, Paper, 7 Inch |
0603 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
200 |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
.45 mm |
75 V |
1.6 mm |
e3 |
.8 mm |
||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
.005 ohm |
3 W |
170 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
METAL STRIP |
Rectangular |
TR, Embossed, 7 Inch |
2512 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
50 |
Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier |
.7 mm |
6.4 mm |
e3 |
AEC-Q200 |
3.2 mm |
||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
10 ohm |
.063 W |
155 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM |
Rectangular |
TR, Paper, 7 Inch |
0402 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
100 |
MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL |
.32 mm |
50 V |
1 mm |
e3 |
.5 mm |
||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
10 ohm |
2 W |
155 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
THICK FILM |
Rectangular |
TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH |
2512 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
100 |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
.6 mm |
300 V |
6.4 mm |
e3 |
3.2 mm |
||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
10000 ohm |
.063 W |
155 Cel |
5 % |
70 Cel |
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM |
Rectangular |
TR, Paper, 7 Inch |
0402 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
200 |
MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL |
.32 mm |
50 V |
1 mm |
e3 |
.5 mm |
||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
2200 ohm |
.1 W |
155 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM |
RECTANGULAR PACKAGE |
Rectangular |
TR, Paper, 7 Inch |
0603 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
100 |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
.45 mm |
75 V |
1.6 mm |
e3 |
.8 mm |
|||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
1000 ohm |
.1 W |
155 Cel |
.1 % |
70 Cel |
THIN FILM |
Rectangular |
TR, Plastic, 7 Inch |
0603 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
25 |
MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL |
.45 mm |
75 V |
ANTI-SULFUR |
1.55 mm |
e3 |
.8 mm |
|||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
1000 ohm |
.25 W |
155 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
METAL GLAZE/THICK FILM |
RECTANGULAR PACKAGE |
Rectangular |
TR, Paper, 7 Inch |
1206 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
100 |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
.55 mm |
200 V |
3.1 mm |
e3 |
1.55 mm |
|||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
100 ohm |
2 W |
155 Cel |
1 % |
70 Cel |
THICK FILM |
Rectangular |
TR, EMBOSSED, 7 INCH |
2512 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
100 |
TIN OVER NICKEL |
.6 mm |
300 V |
6.4 mm |
e3 |
3.2 mm |
||||||||||||||||
|
Bourns |
FIXED RESISTOR |
SURFACE MOUNT |
10000 ohm |
.0625 W |
155 Cel |
.1 % |
70 Cel |
THIN FILM |
Rectangular |
TR, Plastic, 7 Inch |
0402 |
2 |
SMT |
WRAPAROUND |
-55 Cel |
50 |
MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL |
.3 mm |
25 V |
ANTI-SULFUR |
1 mm |
e3 |
.5 mm |
Fixed resistors are passive electronic components that are used to resist the flow of electric current in a circuit. They have a fixed value of resistance, meaning their resistance cannot be adjusted once they are manufactured. They are commonly used to set the bias of transistors, control the gain of amplifiers, or limit the current flowing through an LED. Fixed resistors come in various sizes, power ratings, and tolerances.
There are two types of fixed resistors: through-hole and surface mount. Through-hole resistors have leads that are inserted into holes on the printed circuit board (PCB), while surface mount resistors have terminals that are soldered directly to the surface of the PCB. Through-hole resistors are larger and easier to work with, but surface mount resistors are smaller and more suitable for miniaturized electronic devices.
Fixed resistors can be made from a variety of materials, including carbon, metal, and wire-wound. Carbon resistors are inexpensive and widely used, but they have a lower tolerance and are more susceptible to noise than other types. Metal film resistors have a higher tolerance and better stability, making them ideal for use in precision circuits. Wire-wound resistors have a higher power rating and are used in high power applications, such as power supplies and amplifiers.