SOP Comparators 2,179

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Part	Manufacturer	Amplifier Type	Temperature Grade	Terminal Form	No. of Terminals	Package Code	Package Shape	Package Body Material	Maximum Negative Supply Voltage Limit	Maximum Input Offset Voltage	Maximum Average Bias Current (IIB)	Surface Mount	No. of Functions	Technology	Maximum Supply Current	Nominal Negative Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Packing Method	Nominal Supply Voltage / Vsup (V)	Power Supplies (V)	Package Style (Meter)	Package Equivalence Code	Sub-Category	Maximum Supply Voltage Limit	Terminal Pitch	Maximum Operating Temperature	Maximum Bias Current (IIB) @25C	Nominal Response Time	Output Type	Minimum Operating Temperature	Terminal Finish	Terminal Position	JESD-30 Code	Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL)	Maximum Seated Height	Width	Qualification	JESD-609 Code	Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s)	Peak Reflow Temperature (C)	Length
UPC339G2-E1	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Commercial Extended	Gull Wing	14	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		5 mV		Yes	4	BIPOLAR	2 mA			5 V	5 V	Small Outline	SOP14,.25	Comparators		0.05 in (1.27 mm)	80 °C (176 °F)	250 nA	1.3 µs		-20 °C (-4 °F)		Dual	R-PDSO-G14				No
HA17901FPJ	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Industrial	Gull Wing	14	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		7 mV	250 nA	Yes	4	BIPOLAR				5 V		Small Outline			36 V	0.05 in (1.27 mm)	85 °C (185 °F)		1.3 µs	Open-Collector	-40 °C (-40 °F)		Dual	R-PDSO-G14		0.087 in (2.2 mm)	0.217 in (5.5 mm)	No				0.396 in (10.06 mm)
UPC319G2-E1-A	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Commercial Extended	Gull Wing	14	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		8 mV		Yes	2	BIPOLAR	12.5 mA	-15 V	Tape And Reel, Embosed	15 V	±15 V	Small Outline	SOP14,.25	Comparators		0.05 in (1.27 mm)	80 °C (176 °F)	1 uA	80 ns		-20 °C (-4 °F)	Tin Bismuth	Dual	R-PDSO-G14				No	e6
M51924FP	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Commercial Extended	Gull Wing	14	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		5 mV	150 nA	Yes	4	BIPOLAR	5 mA			12 V	2.5/28 V	Small Outline	SOP14,.3	Comparators	28 V	0.05 in (1.27 mm)	75 °C (167 °F)			Open-Collector	-20 °C (-4 °F)		Dual	R-PDSO-G14		0.083 in (2.1 mm)	0.209 in (5.3 mm)	No				0.398 in (10.1 mm)
UPC339G2-E2-A	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Commercial Extended	Gull Wing	14	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		5 mV		Yes	4	BIPOLAR	2 mA		Tape And Reel, Embosed	5 V	5 V	Small Outline	SOP14,.25	Comparators		0.05 in (1.27 mm)	80 °C (176 °F)	250 nA	1.3 µs		-20 °C (-4 °F)	Tin Bismuth	Dual	R-PDSO-G14				No	e6
UPC339G2	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Commercial	Gull Wing	14	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		5 mV		Yes	4	BIPOLAR	2 mA			5 V	5 V	Small Outline	SOP14,.25	Comparators		0.05 in (1.27 mm)	70 °C (158 °F)	250 nA	1.3 µs		0 °C (32 °F)	Tin/Lead	Dual	R-PDSO-G14				No	e0
HA17393F-EL	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Commercial Extended	Gull Wing	8	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		5 mV	250 nA	Yes	2	BIPOLAR	2 mA			5 V		Small Outline	SOP8,.25	Comparators	36 V	0.05 in (1.27 mm)	75 °C (167 °F)	250 nA	1.3 µs	Open-Collector	-20 °C (-4 °F)		Dual	R-PDSO-G8		0.08 in (2.03 mm)	0.173 in (4.4 mm)	No				0.191 in (4.85 mm)
HA17393BRP	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Industrial	Gull Wing	8	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		5 mV	250 nA	Yes	1		1.7 mA			5 V	5 V	Small Outline	SOP8,.25	Comparators	36 V	0.05 in (1.27 mm)	85 °C (185 °F)	250 nA	1.3 µs	Open-Collector	-40 °C (-40 °F)	Tin Lead	Dual	R-PDSO-G8		0.069 in (1.75 mm)	0.156 in (3.95 mm)	No	e0			0.193 in (4.9 mm)
M51923FP	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Commercial	Gull Wing	8	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		5 mV		Yes	2	BIPOLAR	2.5 mA				2.5/28 V	Small Outline	SOP8,.25	Comparators		0.05 in (1.27 mm)	70 °C (158 °F)				-20 °C (-4 °F)		Dual	R-PDSO-G8				No
HA17393F	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Commercial	Gull Wing	8	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		5 mV		Yes	2	BIPOLAR	4 mA			5 V	5 V	Small Outline	SOP8,.25	Comparators		0.05 in (1.27 mm)	70 °C (158 °F)	250 nA	1.3 µs		-20 °C (-4 °F)		Dual	R-PDSO-G8				No
UPC277G2-E2-A	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Industrial	Gull Wing	8	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		5 mV	250 nA	Yes	2	BIPOLAR	1 mA			5 V		Small Outline	SOP8,.25	Comparators	36 V	0.05 in (1.27 mm)	85 °C (185 °F)	250 nA	1.3 µs	Open-Collector	-40 °C (-40 °F)	Tin Bismuth	Dual	R-PDSO-G8		0.071 in (1.8 mm)	0.173 in (4.4 mm)		e6			0.205 in (5.2 mm)
UPC339G2(5)-E1	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Commercial Extended	Gull Wing	14	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		2.5 mV		Yes	4	BIPOLAR	2 mA			5 V	5 V	Small Outline	SOP14,.25	Comparators		0.05 in (1.27 mm)	80 °C (176 °F)	60 nA	1.3 µs		-20 °C (-4 °F)		Dual	R-PDSO-G14				No
UPC311G2-E1-A	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Commercial Extended	Gull Wing	8	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		10 mV		Yes	1	BIPOLAR	7.5 mA	-15 V		15 V	±15 V	Small Outline	SOP8,.25	Comparators		0.05 in (1.27 mm)	80 °C (176 °F)	250 nA	200 ns		-20 °C (-4 °F)	Tin Bismuth	Dual	R-PDSO-G8				No	e6
HA17903ARP	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Industrial	Gull Wing	8	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		5 mV	250 nA	Yes	2	BIPOLAR	2 mA			5 V	5 V	Small Outline	SOP8,.25	Comparators	36 V	0.05 in (1.27 mm)	85 °C (185 °F)	250 nA	1.3 µs	Open-Collector	-40 °C (-40 °F)		Dual	R-PDSO-G8		0.069 in (1.75 mm)	0.156 in (3.95 mm)	No				0.193 in (4.9 mm)
CA239M	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Other	Gull Wing	14	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		9 mV		Yes	4	BIPOLAR	2 mA			5 V	5 V	Small Outline	SOP14,.25	Comparators		0.05 in (1.27 mm)	85 °C (185 °F)	250 nA	1.3 µs		-25 °C (-13 °F)		Dual	R-PDSO-G14				No
HA17903FPK-EL-E	Renesas Electronics	Comparator		Gull Wing	8	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy				Yes								Small Outline		Comparators									Dual	R-PDSO-G8				No
HA17901FPK	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Automotive	Gull Wing	14	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		7 mV	500 nA	Yes	4	BIPOLAR				5 V		Small Outline			36 V	0.05 in (1.27 mm)	125 °C (257 °F)		1.3 µs	Open-Collector	-40 °C (-40 °F)		Dual	R-PDSO-G14		0.087 in (2.2 mm)	0.217 in (5.5 mm)	No				0.396 in (10.06 mm)
UPC339G2(5)-E1-A	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Commercial Extended	Gull Wing	14	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		2.5 mV		Yes	4	BIPOLAR	2 mA		Tape And Reel, Embosed	5 V	5 V	Small Outline	SOP14,.25	Comparators		0.05 in (1.27 mm)	80 °C (176 °F)	60 nA	1.3 µs		-20 °C (-4 °F)	Tin Bismuth	Dual	R-PDSO-G14				No	e6
UPC311G2-E2-A	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Commercial Extended	Gull Wing	8	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		10 mV		Yes	1	BIPOLAR	7.5 mA	-15 V		15 V	±15 V	Small Outline	SOP8,.25	Comparators		0.05 in (1.27 mm)	80 °C (176 °F)	250 nA	200 ns		-20 °C (-4 °F)	Tin Bismuth	Dual	R-PDSO-G8				No	e6
UPC393G2(5)-E1-A	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Commercial Extended	Gull Wing	8	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		2.5 mV	60 nA	Yes	2	BIPOLAR				5 V		Small Outline		Comparators	36 V	0.05 in (1.27 mm)	80 °C (176 °F)		1.3 µs	Open-Collector	-20 °C (-4 °F)	Tin Bismuth	Dual	R-PDSO-G8		0.071 in (1.8 mm)	0.173 in (4.4 mm)		e6			0.205 in (5.2 mm)
UPC319G	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Commercial	Gull Wing	14	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		10 mV		Yes	2	BIPOLAR		-15 V		15 V	±15 V	Small Outline	SOP14,.25	Comparators		0.05 in (1.27 mm)	70 °C (158 °F)				0 °C (32 °F)	Tin/Lead	Dual	R-PDSO-G14				No	e0
UPC393G2(5)-E1	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Commercial Extended	Gull Wing	8	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		5 mV		Yes	2		1 mA			5 V	5 V	Small Outline	SOP8,.25	Comparators		0.05 in (1.27 mm)	80 °C (176 °F)		1.3 µs		-20 °C (-4 °F)		Dual	R-PDSO-G8				No
UPC393G2(5)-E2	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Commercial Extended	Gull Wing	8	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		5 mV		Yes	2		1 mA			5 V	5 V	Small Outline	SOP8,.25	Comparators		0.05 in (1.27 mm)	80 °C (176 °F)		1.3 µs		-20 °C (-4 °F)		Dual	R-PDSO-G8				No
UPC393G2	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Commercial Extended	Gull Wing	8	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		5 mV	250 nA	Yes	2	BIPOLAR				5 V		Small Outline		Comparators	36 V	0.05 in (1.27 mm)	80 °C (176 °F)		1.3 µs	Open-Collector	-20 °C (-4 °F)	Tin Lead	Dual	R-PDSO-G8		0.071 in (1.8 mm)	0.173 in (4.4 mm)		e0			0.205 in (5.2 mm)
UPC311G2-E2	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Commercial Extended	Gull Wing	8	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		10 mV		Yes	1	BIPOLAR	7.5 mA	-15 V		15 V	±15 V	Small Outline	SOP8,.25	Comparators		0.05 in (1.27 mm)	80 °C (176 °F)	250 nA	200 ns		-20 °C (-4 °F)		Dual	R-PDSO-G8				No
HA17903FPK-E	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Automotive	Gull Wing	8	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		5 mV	200 nA	Yes	1	BIPOLAR				5 V		Small Outline			36 V	0.05 in (1.27 mm)	125 °C (257 °F)		1.3 µs	Open-Collector	-40 °C (-40 °F)	Nickel Palladium Gold	Dual	R-PDSO-G8	1	0.08 in (2.03 mm)	0.173 in (4.4 mm)	No	e4			0.191 in (4.85 mm)
UPC339G2(5)-E2-A	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Commercial Extended	Gull Wing	14	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		2.5 mV		Yes	4	BIPOLAR	2 mA			5 V	5 V	Small Outline	SOP14,.25	Comparators		0.05 in (1.27 mm)	80 °C (176 °F)	60 nA	1.3 µs		-20 °C (-4 °F)		Dual	R-PDSO-G14				No
UPC393G2-E1-A	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Commercial Extended	Gull Wing	8	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		5 mV	250 nA	Yes	2	BIPOLAR				5 V		Small Outline		Comparators	36 V	0.05 in (1.27 mm)	80 °C (176 °F)		1.3 µs	Open-Collector	-20 °C (-4 °F)	Tin Bismuth	Dual	R-PDSO-G8		0.071 in (1.8 mm)	0.173 in (4.4 mm)		e6			0.205 in (5.2 mm)
CA339M	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Commercial	Gull Wing	14	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		9 mV		Yes	4	BIPOLAR	2 mA			5 V	5 V	Small Outline	SOP14,.25	Comparators		0.05 in (1.27 mm)	70 °C (158 °F)	250 nA	1.3 µs		0 °C (32 °F)		Dual	R-PDSO-G14				No
CA239AM	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Other	Gull Wing	14	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		4 mV		Yes	4	BIPOLAR	2 mA			5 V	5 V	Small Outline	SOP14,.25	Comparators		0.05 in (1.27 mm)	85 °C (185 °F)	250 nA	1.3 µs		-25 °C (-13 °F)		Dual	R-PDSO-G14				No
UPC319G2	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Commercial	Gull Wing	14	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		8 mV		Yes	2	BIPOLAR		-15 V		15 V	±15 V	Small Outline	SOP14,.25	Comparators		0.05 in (1.27 mm)	70 °C (158 °F)	1 uA	80 ns		0 °C (32 °F)	Tin/Lead	Dual	R-PDSO-G14				No	e0
UPC319G2-E2	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Commercial Extended	Gull Wing	14	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		8 mV		Yes	2	BIPOLAR	12.5 mA	-15 V		15 V	±15 V	Small Outline	SOP14,.25	Comparators		0.05 in (1.27 mm)	80 °C (176 °F)	1 uA	80 ns		-20 °C (-4 °F)		Dual	R-PDSO-G14				No
HA17903FPJ-E	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Industrial	Gull Wing	8	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		5 mV	250 nA	Yes	1	BIPOLAR				5 V		Small Outline		Comparators	36 V	0.05 in (1.27 mm)	85 °C (185 °F)		1.3 µs	Open-Collector	-40 °C (-40 °F)	Nickel Palladium Gold	Dual	R-PDSO-G8	1	0.08 in (2.03 mm)	0.173 in (4.4 mm)	No	e4			0.191 in (4.85 mm)
CA139M	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Military	Gull Wing	14	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		9 mV		Yes	4	BIPOLAR	2 mA			5 V	5 V	Small Outline	SOP14,.25	Comparators		0.05 in (1.27 mm)	125 °C (257 °F)	100 nA	1.3 µs		-55 °C (-67 °F)		Dual	R-PDSO-G14				No
HA17901ARP	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Industrial	Gull Wing	14	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		7 mV	250 nA	Yes	4	BIPOLAR	2 mA			5 V	5 V	Small Outline	SOP14,.25	Comparators	36 V	0.05 in (1.27 mm)	85 °C (185 °F)	250 nA	1.3 µs	Open-Collector	-40 °C (-40 °F)		Dual	R-PDSO-G14	1	0.069 in (1.75 mm)	0.156 in (3.95 mm)	No		20 s	260 °C (500 °F)	0.341 in (8.65 mm)
UPC339G2(5)-E2	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Commercial Extended	Gull Wing	14	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		2.5 mV		Yes	4	BIPOLAR	2 mA			5 V	5 V	Small Outline	SOP14,.25	Comparators		0.05 in (1.27 mm)	80 °C (176 °F)	60 nA	1.3 µs		-20 °C (-4 °F)		Dual	R-PDSO-G14				No
HA17393BRPEL	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Industrial	Gull Wing	8	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		5 mV		Yes		BIPOLAR	1.7 mA			5 V	5 V	Small Outline	SOP8,.25	Comparators		0.05 in (1.27 mm)	85 °C (185 °F)	250 nA	1.3 µs		-40 °C (-40 °F)		Dual	R-PDSO-G8				No
UPC311G2-A	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Commercial Extended	Gull Wing	8	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy	-18 V	7.5 mV	250 nA	Yes	1	BIPOLAR		-15 V		15 V	±15 V	Small Outline	SOP8,.25	Comparators	18 V	0.05 in (1.27 mm)	80 °C (176 °F)		200 ns	Open-Collector	-20 °C (-4 °F)	Tin Bismuth	Dual	R-PDSO-G8		0.071 in (1.8 mm)	0.173 in (4.4 mm)	No	e6	10 s	260 °C (500 °F)	0.205 in (5.2 mm)
UPC393MF-DAA-E2-AT	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Industrial	Gull Wing	8	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		5 mV		Yes	2	BIPOLAR	1 mA			5 V	5 V	Small Outline	SOP8,.25	Comparators		0.05 in (1.27 mm)	85 °C (185 °F)	250 nA	1.8 µs		-40 °C (-40 °F)		Dual	R-PDSO-G8				No
HA17393BF	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Industrial	Gull Wing	8	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		5 mV	250 nA	Yes	1		1.7 mA			5 V	5 V	Small Outline	SOP8,.25	Comparators	36 V	0.05 in (1.27 mm)	85 °C (185 °F)	250 nA	1.3 µs	Open-Collector	-40 °C (-40 °F)	Tin Lead	Dual	R-PDSO-G8		0.08 in (2.03 mm)	0.173 in (4.4 mm)	No	e0			0.191 in (4.85 mm)
UPC339G2-E2	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Commercial Extended	Gull Wing	14	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		5 mV		Yes	4	BIPOLAR	2 mA			5 V	5 V	Small Outline	SOP14,.25	Comparators		0.05 in (1.27 mm)	80 °C (176 °F)	250 nA	1.3 µs		-20 °C (-4 °F)		Dual	R-PDSO-G14				No
UPC311G2	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Commercial	Gull Wing	8	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		10 mV		Yes	1	BIPOLAR		-15 V		15 V	±15 V	Small Outline	SOP8,.25	Comparators		0.05 in (1.27 mm)	70 °C (158 °F)		200 ns		0 °C (32 °F)	Tin/Lead	Dual	R-PDSO-G8				No	e0
HA17903AFPEL-E	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Industrial	Gull Wing	8	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		5 mV	250 nA	Yes	2	BIPOLAR			Tape And Reel, Embosed	5 V		Small Outline		Comparators	36 V	0.05 in (1.27 mm)	85 °C (185 °F)		1.3 µs	Open-Collector	-40 °C (-40 °F)		Dual	R-PDSO-G8		0.08 in (2.03 mm)	0.173 in (4.4 mm)					0.191 in (4.85 mm)
CA139AM	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Military	Gull Wing	14	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		4 mV		Yes	4	BIPOLAR	2 mA			5 V	5 V	Small Outline	SOP14,.25	Comparators		0.05 in (1.27 mm)	125 °C (257 °F)	100 nA	1.3 µs		-55 °C (-67 °F)		Dual	R-PDSO-G14				No
HA17339ARP	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Industrial	Gull Wing	14	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		7 mV	250 nA	Yes	4	BIPOLAR	2 mA			5 V	5 V	Small Outline	SOP14,.25	Comparators	36 V	0.05 in (1.27 mm)	85 °C (185 °F)	250 nA	1.3 µs	Open-Collector	-40 °C (-40 °F)		Dual	R-PDSO-G14	1	0.069 in (1.75 mm)	0.156 in (3.95 mm)	No	e0	20 s	260 °C (500 °F)	0.341 in (8.65 mm)
UPC277G	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Commercial	Gull Wing	8	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		5 mV		Yes	2	BIPOLAR				5 V	5 V	Small Outline	SOP8,.25	Comparators		0.05 in (1.27 mm)	70 °C (158 °F)				-20 °C (-4 °F)	Tin/Lead	Dual	R-PDSO-G8				No	e0
HA17339F-EL	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Commercial Extended	Gull Wing	14	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		7 mV		Yes	4					36 V		Small Outline		Comparators			75 °C (167 °F)		1.3 µs		-20 °C (-4 °F)		Dual	R-PDSO-G14				No
UPC393G2-E1	Renesas Electronics	Comparator	Commercial Extended	Gull Wing	8	SOP	Rectangular	Plastic/Epoxy		5 mV		Yes	2		1 mA			5 V	5 V	Small Outline	SOP8,.25	Comparators		0.05 in (1.27 mm)	80 °C (176 °F)		1.3 µs		-20 °C (-4 °F)		Dual	R-PDSO-G8				No

Comparators

Comparators are electronic circuits that compare two input voltages and output a voltage signal that indicates which of the inputs is larger. A comparator is similar to an operational amplifier (op-amp), but it is designed to operate with a limited range of voltage outputs (typically near the power supply rails) and with very high gain.

A comparator typically has two input terminals, a non-inverting (+) input and an inverting (-) input, and one output. When the voltage at the non-inverting input is greater than the voltage at the inverting input, the output of the comparator switches to its maximum positive voltage. Conversely, when the voltage at the inverting input is greater than the voltage at the non-inverting input, the output of the comparator switches to its maximum negative voltage.

Comparators are often used in applications where a precise measurement or detection of voltage level is required, such as in voltage reference circuits, level detectors, and waveform generators. They can also be used to implement digital logic circuits and are frequently used in A/D converters and motor control circuits.

It is worth noting that a comparator output can switch quickly between its high and low states, so they can be sensitive to noise and require careful circuit design to ensure proper operation. In addition, some comparators may include features such as hysteresis, which can help to reduce noise and ensure stable operation in the presence of small fluctuations in the input signals.