GULL WING Zener Diodes 2,400+

Reset All
Part RoHS Manufacturer Diode Type Terminal Position Terminal Form No. of Terminals Surface Mount Package Shape Package Body Material Working Test Current Config Maximum Voltage Temperature Coefficient Nominal Reference Voltage Maximum Output Current Maximum Non Repetitive Peak Reverse Power Dissipation Maximum Forward Voltage (VF) Nominal Breakdown Voltage Maximum Reverse Recovery Time Technology Maximum Reverse Current No. of Elements Reverse Test Voltage Package Style (Meter) Sub-Category Maximum Voltage Tolerance Maximum Repetitive Peak Reverse Voltage Maximum Knee Impedance Maximum Operating Temperature Maximum Dynamic Impedance Minimum Operating Temperature Terminal Finish JESD-30 Code Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) Polarity Case Connection Qualification Maximum Power Dissipation Additional Features JEDEC-95 Code Maximum Clamping Voltage Minimum Breakdown Voltage Maximum Non Repetitive Peak Forward Current JESD-609 Code Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s) Peak Reflow Temperature (C) Diode Element Material Maximum Breakdown Voltage Reference Standard

BZX84C13

Vishay Intertechnology

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

3

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

5 mA

SINGLE

13 V

ZENER

1

SMALL OUTLINE

Voltage Reference Diodes

5 %

150 Cel

30 ohm

MATTE TIN

R-PDSO-G3

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

Not Qualified

.3 W

e3

10

260

SILICON

BZX84C13W-7-F

Diodes Incorporated

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

3

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

5 mA

SINGLE

13 V

ZENER

1

SMALL OUTLINE

Voltage Reference Diodes

6.42 %

125 Cel

30 ohm

-65 Cel

MATTE TIN

R-PDSO-G3

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

Not Qualified

.2 W

e3

30

260

SILICON

BZX84C16-HE3-08

Vishay Intertechnology

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

3

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

5 mA

SINGLE

16 V

ZENER

1

SMALL OUTLINE

Voltage Reference Diodes

5 %

150 Cel

40 ohm

MATTE TIN

R-PDSO-G3

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

.3 W

e3

SILICON

AEC-Q101

BZX84C22LT1G

Onsemi

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

3

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

5 mA

SINGLE

22 V

ZENER

1

SMALL OUTLINE

Voltage Reference Diodes

5.67 %

150 Cel

55 ohm

-65 Cel

MATTE TIN

R-PDSO-G3

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

Not Qualified

.25 W

TO-236AB

e3

30

260

SILICON

UL RECOGNIZED

BZX84C24VLYFHT116

ROHM

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

3

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

5 mA

SINGLE

22.6 mV/Cel

24 V

ZENER

.1 uA

1

17 V

SMALL OUTLINE

5.79 %

150 Cel

70 ohm

TIN

R-PDSO-G3

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

.25 W

HIGH RELIABILITY

e3

SILICON

AEC-Q101

BZX84C27VLYFHT116

ROHM

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

3

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

2 mA

SINGLE

25.8 mV/Cel

27 V

ZENER

.1 uA

1

19 V

SMALL OUTLINE

7.04 %

150 Cel

80 ohm

TIN

R-PDSO-G3

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

.25 W

HIGH RELIABILITY

e3

SILICON

AEC-Q101

BZX84C27VLYT116

ROHM

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

3

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

2 mA

SINGLE

25.8 mV/Cel

27 V

ZENER

.1 uA

1

19 V

SMALL OUTLINE

7.04 %

150 Cel

80 ohm

TIN

R-PDSO-G3

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

.25 W

HIGH RELIABILITY

e3

SILICON

BZX84C3V6TS-7-F

Diodes Incorporated

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

6

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

5 mA

SEPARATE, 3 ELEMENTS

3.6 V

.9 V

ZENER

5 uA

3

1 V

SMALL OUTLINE

Other Diodes

5.56 %

150 Cel

-65 Cel

MATTE TIN

R-PDSO-G6

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

Not Qualified

.2 W

e3

30

260

SILICON

BZX84C4V3Q-7-F

Diodes Incorporated

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

3

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

5 mA

SINGLE

4.3 V

ZENER

1

SMALL OUTLINE

Voltage Reference Diodes

6.98 %

150 Cel

90 ohm

-65 Cel

MATTE TIN

R-PDSO-G3

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

.35 W

HIGH RELIABILITY

e3

30

260

SILICON

AEC-Q101

BZX84C5V6-TP

Micro Commercial Components

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

3

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

5 mA

SINGLE

5.6 V

.9 V

ZENER

.001 uA

1

2 V

SMALL OUTLINE

Voltage Reference Diodes

5 %

400 ohm

150 Cel

40 ohm

-55 Cel

MATTE TIN

R-PDSO-G3

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

Not Qualified

.35 W

e3

10

260

SILICON

BZX84C75LT1G

Onsemi

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

3

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

2 mA

SINGLE

75 V

ZENER

1

SMALL OUTLINE

Voltage Reference Diodes

6.04 %

150 Cel

255 ohm

-65 Cel

MATTE TIN

R-PDSO-G3

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

Not Qualified

.25 W

TO-236AB

e3

30

260

SILICON

UL RECOGNIZED

DDZ16Q-7

Diodes Incorporated

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

2

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

10 mA

SINGLE

16 V

ZENER

1

SMALL OUTLINE

2.55 %

150 Cel

-65 Cel

MATTE TIN

R-PDSO-G2

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

.294 W

HIGH RELIABILITY

e3

30

260

SILICON

AEC-Q101

DDZ9713S-7

Diodes Incorporated

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

2

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

.05 mA

SINGLE

30 V

ZENER

1

SMALL OUTLINE

Voltage Reference Diodes

5 %

150 Cel

-65 Cel

MATTE TIN

R-PDSO-G2

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

Not Qualified

.2 W

e3

30

260

SILICON

MM3Z15VT1

Onsemi

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

2

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

5 mA

SINGLE

15 V

ZENER

1

SMALL OUTLINE

Voltage Reference Diodes

4.98 %

150 Cel

30 ohm

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

R-PDSO-G2

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

Not Qualified

.2 W

e0

30

235

SILICON

UL RECOGNIZED

MM3Z2V4T1G

Onsemi

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

2

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

5 mA

SINGLE

2.4 V

.9 V

ZENER

50 uA

1

1 V

SMALL OUTLINE

Voltage Reference Diodes

8.33 %

1000 ohm

150 Cel

100 ohm

-65 Cel

MATTE TIN

R-PDSO-G2

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

Not Qualified

.3 W

e3

30

260

SILICON

MMBZ5225BLT1G

Onsemi

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

3

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

20 mA

SINGLE

3 V

ZENER

1

SMALL OUTLINE

Voltage Reference Diodes

5 %

150 Cel

29 ohm

-65 Cel

MATTE TIN

R-PDSO-G3

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

Not Qualified

.225 W

TO-236AB

e3

30

260

SILICON

MMBZ5236BLT1G

Onsemi

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

3

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

20 mA

SINGLE

7.5 V

ZENER

1

SMALL OUTLINE

Voltage Reference Diodes

5.07 %

150 Cel

6 ohm

-65 Cel

MATTE TIN

R-PDSO-G3

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

Not Qualified

.225 W

TO-236AB

e3

30

260

SILICON

MMBZ5238BLT1G

Onsemi

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

3

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

20 mA

SINGLE

8.7 V

ZENER

1

SMALL OUTLINE

Voltage Reference Diodes

5.06 %

150 Cel

8 ohm

-65 Cel

MATTE TIN

R-PDSO-G3

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

Not Qualified

.225 W

TO-236AB

e3

30

260

SILICON

MMBZ5242BS-7-F

Diodes Incorporated

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

6

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

20 mA

SEPARATE, 2 ELEMENTS

12 V

.9 V

ZENER

1 uA

2

9.1 V

SMALL OUTLINE

Other Diodes

5 %

150 Cel

-65 Cel

MATTE TIN

R-PDSO-G6

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

Not Qualified

.2 W

e3

30

260

SILICON

MMBZ5258BS-7-F

Diodes Incorporated

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

6

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

3.4 mA

SEPARATE, 2 ELEMENTS

36 V

.9 V

ZENER

.1 uA

2

27 V

SMALL OUTLINE

Other Diodes

5 %

150 Cel

-65 Cel

MATTE TIN

R-PDSO-G6

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

Not Qualified

.2 W

e3

30

260

SILICON

MMBZ5262B-E3-08

Vishay Intertechnology

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

3

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

2.5 mA

SINGLE

51 V

ZENER

1

SMALL OUTLINE

Voltage Reference Diodes

5 %

150 Cel

125 ohm

-55 Cel

MATTE TIN

R-PDSO-G3

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

.225 W

e3

SILICON

MMSZ10T3G

Onsemi

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

2

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

5 mA

SINGLE

10 V

ZENER

1

SMALL OUTLINE

Voltage Reference Diodes

5 %

150 Cel

20 ohm

MATTE TIN

R-PDSO-G2

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

Not Qualified

.5 W

e3

30

260

SILICON

MMSZ3V3T3

Onsemi

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

2

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

5 mA

SINGLE

3.3 V

ZENER

1

SMALL OUTLINE

Voltage Reference Diodes

5 %

150 Cel

95 ohm

TIN LEAD

R-PDSO-G2

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

Not Qualified

.5 W

e0

235

SILICON

UL RECOGNIZED

MMSZ4688-G3-18

Vishay Intertechnology

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

2

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

.05 mA

SINGLE

4.7 V

ZENER

1

SMALL OUTLINE

5 %

150 Cel

-55 Cel

Matte Tin (Sn)

R-PDSO-G2

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

.5 W

e3

10

260

SILICON

MMSZ4697-E3-18

Vishay Intertechnology

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

2

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

.05 mA

SINGLE

10 V

ZENER

1

SMALL OUTLINE

Voltage Reference Diodes

5 %

150 Cel

-55 Cel

Matte Tin (Sn)

R-PDSO-G2

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

.5 W

e3

10

260

SILICON

MMSZ4697-G3-08

Vishay Intertechnology

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

2

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

.05 mA

SINGLE

10 V

ZENER

1

SMALL OUTLINE

5 %

150 Cel

-55 Cel

Matte Tin (Sn)

R-PDSO-G2

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

.5 W

e3

10

260

SILICON

MMSZ4697-G3-18

Vishay Intertechnology

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

2

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

.05 mA

SINGLE

10 V

ZENER

1

SMALL OUTLINE

5 %

150 Cel

-55 Cel

Matte Tin (Sn)

R-PDSO-G2

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

.5 W

e3

10

260

SILICON

MMSZ4698-E3-08

Vishay Intertechnology

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

2

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

.05 mA

SINGLE

11 V

ZENER

1

SMALL OUTLINE

Voltage Reference Diodes

5 %

150 Cel

-55 Cel

MATTE TIN

R-PDSO-G2

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

.5 W

e3

SILICON

MMSZ4698-E3-18

Vishay Intertechnology

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

2

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

.05 mA

SINGLE

11 V

ZENER

1

SMALL OUTLINE

Voltage Reference Diodes

5 %

150 Cel

-55 Cel

MATTE TIN

R-PDSO-G2

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

.5 W

e3

SILICON

MMSZ4698-G3-08

Vishay Intertechnology

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

2

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

.05 mA

SINGLE

11 V

ZENER

1

SMALL OUTLINE

5 %

150 Cel

-55 Cel

Matte Tin (Sn)

R-PDSO-G2

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

.5 W

e3

10

260

SILICON

MMSZ4698-G3-18

Vishay Intertechnology

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

2

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

.05 mA

SINGLE

11 V

ZENER

1

SMALL OUTLINE

5 %

150 Cel

-55 Cel

Matte Tin (Sn)

R-PDSO-G2

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

.5 W

e3

10

260

SILICON

MMSZ4698-HE3-18

Vishay Intertechnology

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

2

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

.05 mA

SINGLE

11 V

ZENER

1

SMALL OUTLINE

Voltage Reference Diodes

5 %

150 Cel

-55 Cel

MATTE TIN

R-PDSO-G2

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

.5 W

e3

SILICON

AEC-Q101

MMSZ4702-E3-08

Vishay Intertechnology

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

2

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

.05 mA

SINGLE

15 V

ZENER

1

SMALL OUTLINE

Voltage Reference Diodes

5 %

150 Cel

-55 Cel

Matte Tin (Sn)

R-PDSO-G2

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

.5 W

e3

10

260

SILICON

MMSZ4702-E3-18

Vishay Intertechnology

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

2

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

.05 mA

SINGLE

15 V

ZENER

1

SMALL OUTLINE

Voltage Reference Diodes

5 %

150 Cel

-55 Cel

Matte Tin (Sn)

R-PDSO-G2

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

.5 W

e3

10

260

SILICON

MMSZ5226BT3

Onsemi

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

2

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

20 mA

SINGLE

3.3 V

ZENER

1

SMALL OUTLINE

Voltage Reference Diodes

5 %

150 Cel

28 ohm

TIN LEAD

R-PDSO-G2

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

Not Qualified

.5 W

e0

235

SILICON

MMSZ5229B-AU_R1_000A1

Panjit International

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

2

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

20 mA

SINGLE

4.3 V

ZENER

5 uA

1

SMALL OUTLINE

5 %

150 Cel

-55 Cel

R-PDSO-G2

UNIDIRECTIONAL

.5 W

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

SILICON

AEC-Q101

MMSZ5232B-HE3_A-18

Vishay Intertechnology

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

2

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

20 mA

SINGLE

1.792 mV/Cel

5.6 V

ZENER

5 uA

1

3 V

SMALL OUTLINE

5 %

1600 ohm

150 Cel

11 ohm

-55 Cel

R-PDSO-G2

UNIDIRECTIONAL

.5 W

SILICON

AEC-Q101

MMSZ5237ET1G

Onsemi

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

2

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

20 mA

SINGLE

8.2 V

.9 V

ZENER

3 uA

1

6.5 V

SMALL OUTLINE

Voltage Reference Diodes

5 %

500 ohm

150 Cel

8 ohm

-55 Cel

MATTE TIN

R-PDSO-G2

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

Not Qualified

.5 W

e3

30

260

SILICON

MMSZ5240BQ-7-F

Diodes Incorporated

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

2

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

20 mA

SINGLE

10 V

.9 V

ZENER

3 uA

1

8 V

SMALL OUTLINE

5 %

600 ohm

150 Cel

17 ohm

-65 Cel

MATTE TIN

R-PDSO-G2

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

.37 W

HGH RELIABILITY

e3

10

260

SILICON

AEC-Q101

MMSZ5241BT1G

Onsemi

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

2

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

20 mA

SINGLE

11 V

ZENER

1

SMALL OUTLINE

Voltage Reference Diodes

5 %

150 Cel

22 ohm

-55 Cel

MATTE TIN

R-PDSO-G2

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

Not Qualified

.5 W

e3

30

260

SILICON

MMSZ5242ET1G

Onsemi

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

2

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

20 mA

SINGLE

12 V

.9 V

ZENER

1 uA

1

9.1 V

SMALL OUTLINE

Voltage Reference Diodes

5 %

600 ohm

150 Cel

30 ohm

-55 Cel

MATTE TIN

R-PDSO-G2

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

Not Qualified

.5 W

e3

30

260

SILICON

MMSZ5243BS-7-F

Diodes Incorporated

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

2

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

9.5 mA

SINGLE

13 V

ZENER

1

SMALL OUTLINE

Voltage Reference Diodes

5 %

150 Cel

13 ohm

-65 Cel

MATTE TIN

R-PDSO-G2

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

Not Qualified

.2 W

e3

30

260

SILICON

MMSZ5244B-E3-08

Vishay Intertechnology

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

2

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

9 mA

SINGLE

10.64 mV/Cel

14 V

ZENER

.1 uA

1

10 V

SMALL OUTLINE

Voltage Reference Diodes

5 %

600 ohm

150 Cel

15 ohm

-55 Cel

MATTE TIN

R-PDSO-G2

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

.5 W

e3

SILICON

MMSZ5246B-TP

Micro Commercial Components

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

2

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

9.5 mA

SINGLE

13.28 mV/Cel

13 V

.9 V

ZENER

.0001 uA

1

12 V

SMALL OUTLINE

5 %

600 ohm

150 Cel

17 ohm

-55 Cel

Matte Tin (Sn)

R-PDSO-G2

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

Not Qualified

.5 W

e3

10

260

SILICON

MMSZ5246BS-7-F

Diodes Incorporated

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

2

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

7.8 mA

SINGLE

16 V

ZENER

1

SMALL OUTLINE

Voltage Reference Diodes

5 %

150 Cel

17 ohm

-65 Cel

MATTE TIN

R-PDSO-G2

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

Not Qualified

.2 W

e3

30

260

SILICON

MMSZ5246C-G3-08

Vishay Intertechnology

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

2

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

7.8 mA

SINGLE

16 V

ZENER

1

SMALL OUTLINE

2 %

150 Cel

-55 Cel

MATTE TIN

R-PDSO-G2

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

.5 W

e3

SILICON

AEC-Q101

MMSZ5246C-G3-18

Vishay Intertechnology

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

2

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

7.8 mA

SINGLE

16 V

ZENER

1

SMALL OUTLINE

2 %

150 Cel

-55 Cel

MATTE TIN

R-PDSO-G2

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

.5 W

e3

SILICON

AEC-Q101

MMSZ5247B-G3-18

Vishay Intertechnology

ZENER DIODE

DUAL

GULL WING

2

YES

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

7.4 mA

SINGLE

17 V

ZENER

1

SMALL OUTLINE

5 %

150 Cel

-55 Cel

MATTE TIN

R-PDSO-G2

1

UNIDIRECTIONAL

.5 W

e3

SILICON

AEC-Q101

Zener Diodes

Zener diodes are electronic components that are designed to operate in the reverse breakdown region of their P-N junction, providing a stable and predictable voltage output. They are commonly used in electronic circuits as voltage regulators, voltage references, and surge protectors.

Zener diodes operate based on the properties of their P-N junction, which is designed to have a narrow depletion region and a low breakdown voltage. When a reverse voltage is applied to the diode, the depletion region widens, allowing a small reverse current to flow. As the voltage across the diode increases, the reverse current increases exponentially, maintaining a stable voltage across the diode.

Zener diodes offer several advantages over other types of voltage regulators, such as simplicity, low cost, and high efficiency. They do not require any external components, such as capacitors or inductors, and they can provide a stable output voltage over a wide range of input voltages and temperatures.

Zener diodes are commonly used in electronic circuits that require a stable voltage source, such as power supplies, battery chargers, and voltage regulators. They come in different package sizes and voltage ratings, depending on the application and the required performance.