GULL WING Zener Diodes 2,400+

Reset All

Part	Manufacturer	Diode Type	Terminal Position	Terminal Form	No. of Terminals	Surface Mount	Package Shape	Package Body Material	Working Test Current	Config	Maximum Voltage Temperature Coefficient	Nominal Reference Voltage	Maximum Forward Voltage (VF)	Technology	Maximum Reverse Current	No. of Elements	Reverse Test Voltage	Package Style (Meter)	Sub-Category	Maximum Voltage Tolerance	Maximum Knee Impedance	Maximum Operating Temperature	Maximum Dynamic Impedance	Minimum Operating Temperature	Terminal Finish	JESD-30 Code	Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL)	Polarity	Case Connection	Qualification	Maximum Power Dissipation	Additional Features	JEDEC-95 Code	JESD-609 Code	Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s)	Peak Reflow Temperature (C)	Diode Element Material	Reference Standard
BZX384-B36,115	NXP Semiconductors	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	2	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	2 mA	SINGLE		36 V		ZENER		1		SMALL OUTLINE	Voltage Reference Diodes	2 %		150 Cel	350 ohm	-65 Cel	TIN	R-PDSO-G2	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL		Not Qualified	.3 W			e3	30	260	SILICON
BZX384-B6V8,115	NXP Semiconductors	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	2	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	5 mA	SINGLE		6.8 V		ZENER		1		SMALL OUTLINE	Voltage Reference Diodes	2 %		150 Cel	80 ohm	-65 Cel	TIN	R-PDSO-G2	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL		Not Qualified	.3 W			e3	30	260	SILICON
BZX84-A2V4,215	NXP Semiconductors	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	3	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	5 mA	SINGLE		2.4 V		ZENER		1		SMALL OUTLINE	Voltage Reference Diodes	1 %		150 Cel	100 ohm	-65 Cel	TIN	R-PDSO-G3	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL			.25 W		TO-236AB	e3	30	260	SILICON	AEC-Q101; IEC-60134
BZX84-A3V3,215	NXP Semiconductors	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	3	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	5 mA	SINGLE		3.3 V		ZENER		1		SMALL OUTLINE	Voltage Reference Diodes	1 %		150 Cel	95 ohm	-65 Cel	TIN	R-PDSO-G3	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL			.25 W		TO-236AB	e3	30	260	SILICON	AEC-Q101
DDZ9685-7	Diodes Incorporated	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	2	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	.05 mA	SINGLE		3.6 V		ZENER		1		SMALL OUTLINE	Voltage Reference Diodes	5 %		150 Cel		-65 Cel	MATTE TIN	R-PDSO-G2	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL		Not Qualified	.5 W			e3	30	260	SILICON
DDZ9688-7	Diodes Incorporated	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	2	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	.05 mA	SINGLE		4.7 V		ZENER		1		SMALL OUTLINE	Voltage Reference Diodes	4.99 %		150 Cel		-65 Cel	MATTE TIN	R-PDSO-G2	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL		Not Qualified	.5 W	HIGH RELIABILITY		e3	30	260	SILICON
DDZ9690Q-7	Diodes Incorporated	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	2	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	.05 mA	SINGLE		5.6 V	.9 V	ZENER	2 uA	1	4 V	SMALL OUTLINE		5 %		150 Cel		-65 Cel	MATTE TIN	R-PDSO-G2	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL			.5 W	HIGH RELIABILITY		e3	30	260	SILICON	AEC-Q101
DDZ9715S-7	Diodes Incorporated	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	2	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	.05 mA	SINGLE		36 V		ZENER		1		SMALL OUTLINE	Voltage Reference Diodes	5 %		150 Cel		-65 Cel	MATTE TIN	R-PDSO-G2	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL		Not Qualified	.2 W			e3	30	260	SILICON
MMBZ5257BTS-7-F	Diodes Incorporated	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	6	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	3.8 mA	SEPARATE, 3 ELEMENTS		33 V	.9 V	ZENER	.1 uA	3	25 V	SMALL OUTLINE	Other Diodes	5 %		150 Cel		-65 Cel	MATTE TIN	R-PDSO-G6	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL		Not Qualified	.2 W	HIGH RELIABILITY		e3	30	260	SILICON
MMSZ5263B-7-F	Diodes Incorporated	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	2	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	2.2 mA	SINGLE		56 V		ZENER		1		SMALL OUTLINE	Voltage Reference Diodes	5 %		150 Cel	150 ohm	-65 Cel	MATTE TIN	R-PDSO-G2	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL		Not Qualified	.5 W	HIGH RELIABILITY		e3	10	260	SILICON
BZT52-B5V6X	Nexperia	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	2	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	5 mA	SINGLE		5.6 V		ZENER		1		SMALL OUTLINE		1.96 %		150 Cel		-55 Cel	TIN	R-PDSO-G2	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL			.35 W			e3	30	260	SILICON	AEC-Q101; IEC-60134
BZT52-C11J	Nexperia	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	2	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	5 mA	SINGLE	9 mV/Cel	11 V		ZENER	.1 uA	1	8 V	SMALL OUTLINE		5.45 %	70 ohm	150 Cel	10 ohm	-55 Cel	TIN	R-PDSO-G2	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL			.35 W			e3	30	260	SILICON	AEC-Q101; IEC-60134
BZT52-C39J	Nexperia	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	2	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	2 mA	SINGLE	41.2 mV/Cel	39 V		ZENER	.05 uA	1	27.3 V	SMALL OUTLINE		5.13 %	300 ohm	150 Cel	75 ohm	-55 Cel	TIN	R-PDSO-G2	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL			.35 W			e3	30	260	SILICON	AEC-Q101; IEC-60134
BZT52-C7V5J	Nexperia	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	2	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	5 mA	SINGLE	5.3 mV/Cel	7.45 V		ZENER	1 uA	1	5 V	SMALL OUTLINE		6.04 %	80 ohm	150 Cel	10 ohm	-55 Cel	TIN	R-PDSO-G2	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL			.35 W			e3	30	260	SILICON	AEC-Q101; IEC-60134
BZT52C20Q-7-F	Diodes Incorporated	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	2	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	5 mA	SINGLE	18 mV/Cel	20 V		ZENER	.1 uA	1	14 V	SMALL OUTLINE		6 %	225 ohm	150 Cel	55 ohm	-65 Cel	MATTE TIN	R-PDSO-G2	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL			.37 W	HIGH RELIABILITY		e3	30	260	SILICON	AEC-Q101
BZT52C5V6S-7	Diodes Incorporated	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	2	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	5 mA	SINGLE		5.6 V		ZENER		1		SMALL OUTLINE	Voltage Reference Diodes	7.14 %		150 Cel	40 ohm		TIN LEAD	R-PDSO-G2	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL		Not Qualified	.2 W			e0			SILICON
BZV90-C6V2,115	NXP Semiconductors	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	4	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	5 mA	SINGLE	3.7 mV/Cel	6.2 V		ZENER	3 uA	1		SMALL OUTLINE	Voltage Reference Diodes	5 %		150 Cel	10 ohm		TIN	R-PDSO-G4	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL	CATHODE	Not Qualified	1.5 W			e3	30	260	SILICON
BZX384-B68,115	NXP Semiconductors	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	2	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	2 mA	SINGLE		68 V		ZENER		1		SMALL OUTLINE	Voltage Reference Diodes	2 %		150 Cel	475 ohm	-65 Cel	TIN	R-PDSO-G2	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL		Not Qualified	.3 W			e3	30	260	SILICON
BZX384-C16F	Nexperia	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	2	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	5 mA	SINGLE		16 V		ZENER		1		SMALL OUTLINE		5 %		150 Cel		-65 Cel	TIN	R-PDSO-G2	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL			.3 W			e3	30	260	SILICON	AEC-Q101; IEC-60134
BZX384C16-F	Taitron Components	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	2	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	5 mA	SINGLE		16 V		ZENER		1		SMALL OUTLINE		5 %		150 Cel		-65 Cel	TIN	R-PDSO-G2	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL			.3 W			e3	30	260	SILICON	AEC-Q101; IEC-60134
BZX84-A4V7,215	NXP Semiconductors	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	3	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	5 mA	SINGLE		4.7 V		ZENER		1		SMALL OUTLINE	Voltage Reference Diodes	1 %		150 Cel	80 ohm	-65 Cel	TIN	R-PDSO-G3	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL			.25 W		TO-236AB	e3	30	260	SILICON	AEC-Q101; IEC-60134
BZX84-B16VL	Nexperia	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	3	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	5 mA	SINGLE	14 mV/Cel	16 V		ZENER	.05 uA	1	11.2 V	SMALL OUTLINE		2 %	200 ohm	150 Cel	40 ohm	-65 Cel	Tin (Sn)	R-PDSO-G3	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL			.25 W		TO-236AB	e3			SILICON	AEC-Q101; IEC-60134
BZX84-B33,215	NXP Semiconductors	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	3	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	2 mA	SINGLE		33 V		ZENER		1		SMALL OUTLINE	Voltage Reference Diodes	2 %		150 Cel	80 ohm	-65 Cel	TIN	R-PDSO-G3	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL		Not Qualified	.25 W		TO-236AB	e3	30	260	SILICON
BZX84-B8V2,235	NXP Semiconductors	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	3	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	5 mA	SINGLE	6.2 mV/Cel	8.2 V		ZENER	.7 uA	1		SMALL OUTLINE	Voltage Reference Diodes	2 %		150 Cel	15 ohm	-65 Cel	TIN	R-PDSO-G3	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL		Not Qualified	.25 W		TO-236AB	e3	30	260	SILICON
BZX84-C3V9-QVL	Nexperia	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	3	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	5 mA	SINGLE	0 mV/Cel	3.9 V		ZENER	3 uA	1	1 V	SMALL OUTLINE		5 %	600 ohm	150 Cel	90 ohm	-55 Cel	TIN	R-PDSO-G3	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL			.25 W		TO-236AB	e3	30	260	SILICON	AEC-Q101; IEC-60134
BZX8450-C3V9R	Nexperia	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	3	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	.05 mA	SINGLE	2.5 mV/Cel	3.9 V		ZENER	5 uA	1	2 V	SMALL OUTLINE		5 %	600 ohm	150 Cel	95 ohm	-55 Cel		R-PDSO-G3		UNIDIRECTIONAL			.25 W		TO-236AB				SILICON	IEC-60134
BZX84B22VLYT116	ROHM	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	3	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	5 mA	SINGLE	19.3 mV/Cel	22 V		ZENER	.1 uA	1	15 V	SMALL OUTLINE		1.82 %		150 Cel	55 ohm		TIN	R-PDSO-G3		UNIDIRECTIONAL			.25 W	HIGH RELIABILITY		e3			SILICON
DDZ13B-7	Diodes Incorporated	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	2	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	10 mA	SINGLE		13 V		ZENER		1		SMALL OUTLINE	Voltage Reference Diodes	2.56 %		150 Cel	14 ohm	-65 Cel	MATTE TIN	R-PDSO-G2	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL		Not Qualified	.5 W	HIGH RELIABILITY		e3	30	260	SILICON
DDZ24CS-7	Diodes Incorporated	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	2	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	5 mA	SINGLE		24 V		ZENER		1		SMALL OUTLINE	Voltage Reference Diodes	2.51 %		150 Cel	35 ohm	-65 Cel	MATTE TIN	R-PDSO-G2	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL		Not Qualified	.2 W			e3	30	260	SILICON
DDZ8V2B-7	Diodes Incorporated	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	2	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	20 mA	SINGLE		8.2 V		ZENER		1		SMALL OUTLINE	Voltage Reference Diodes	2.57 %		150 Cel	8 ohm	-65 Cel	MATTE TIN	R-PDSO-G2	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL		Not Qualified	.5 W	HIGH RELIABILITY		e3	30	260	SILICON
DDZ9690S-7	Diodes Incorporated	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	2	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	.05 mA	SINGLE		5.6 V		ZENER		1		SMALL OUTLINE	Voltage Reference Diodes	5 %		150 Cel		-65 Cel	MATTE TIN	R-PDSO-G2	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL		Not Qualified	.2 W			e3	30	260	SILICON
DDZ9702S-7	Diodes Incorporated	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	2	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	.05 mA	SINGLE		15 V		ZENER		1		SMALL OUTLINE	Voltage Reference Diodes	5 %		150 Cel		-65 Cel	MATTE TIN	R-PDSO-G2	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL		Not Qualified	.2 W			e3	30	260	SILICON
MMBZ5221B-7-F	Diodes Incorporated	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	3	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	20 mA	SINGLE		2.4 V		ZENER		1		SMALL OUTLINE	Voltage Reference Diodes	5 %		150 Cel	30 ohm	-65 Cel	Matte Tin (Sn)	R-PDSO-G3	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL		Not Qualified	.35 W	HIGH RELIABILITY		e3	40	260	SILICON
MMBZ5226BQ-7-F	Diodes Incorporated	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	3	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	20 mA	SINGLE		3.3 V		ZENER		1		SMALL OUTLINE	Voltage Reference Diodes	4.99 %		150 Cel	28 ohm	-65 Cel	Matte Tin (Sn)	R-PDSO-G3	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL			.35 W	HIGH RELIABILITY		e3	30	260	SILICON	AEC-Q101
PDZ24B,115	NXP Semiconductors	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	2	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	5 mA	SINGLE	20.4 mV/Cel	24 V		ZENER	.05 uA	1		SMALL OUTLINE	Voltage Reference Diodes	2.19 %		150 Cel			TIN	R-PDSO-G2	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL		Not Qualified	.4 W			e3	30	260	SILICON
PDZ2.4B,115	NXP Semiconductors	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	2	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	5 mA	SINGLE	0 mV/Cel	2.4 V		ZENER	50 uA	1		SMALL OUTLINE	Voltage Reference Diodes	3.95 %		150 Cel			TIN	R-PDSO-G2	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL		Not Qualified	.4 W			e3	30	260	SILICON
PLVA665A,215	NXP Semiconductors	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	3	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	.25 mA	SINGLE	2.9 mV/Cel	6.5 V		AVALANCHE	.04 uA	1		SMALL OUTLINE	Voltage Reference Diodes	3.08 %		150 Cel	100 ohm		TIN	R-PDSO-G3	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL		Not Qualified	.25 W	LOW NOISE	TO-236AB	e3	30	260	SILICON
STZ6.2NT146	ROHM	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	3	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	5 mA	COMMON ANODE, 2 ELEMENTS		6.1 V		ZENER	1 uA	2		SMALL OUTLINE	Voltage Reference Diodes	4.8 %	100 ohm	125 Cel	60 ohm		TIN SILVER COPPER	R-PDSO-G3		UNIDIRECTIONAL		Not Qualified	.2 W	HIGH RELIABILITY		e1			SILICON
02CZ2.0-X(TE85L)	Toshiba	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	3	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	5 mA	SINGLE				ZENER	120 uA	1		SMALL OUTLINE		2.5 %	1000 ohm	150 Cel				R-PDSO-G3		UNIDIRECTIONAL		Not Qualified	.2 W	CAPACITANCE IS CAPTURED FROM THE GRAPH					SILICON
02CZ20-X(TE85L)	Toshiba	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	3	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	5 mA	SINGLE				ZENER	.5 uA	1		SMALL OUTLINE		2.5 %	200 ohm	150 Cel				R-PDSO-G3		UNIDIRECTIONAL		Not Qualified	.2 W	CAPACITANCE IS CAPTURED FROM THE GRAPH					SILICON
BZX84B20VLYFHT116	ROHM	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	3	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	5 mA	SINGLE	17.3 mV/Cel	20 V		ZENER	.1 uA	1	14 V	SMALL OUTLINE		2 %		150 Cel	55 ohm		TIN	R-PDSO-G3		UNIDIRECTIONAL			.25 W	HIGH RELIABILITY		e3			SILICON	AEC-Q101
BZX84B22VLYFHT116	ROHM	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	3	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	5 mA	SINGLE	19.3 mV/Cel	22 V		ZENER	.1 uA	1	15 V	SMALL OUTLINE		1.82 %		150 Cel	55 ohm		TIN	R-PDSO-G3		UNIDIRECTIONAL			.25 W	HIGH RELIABILITY		e3			SILICON	AEC-Q101
BZX84B5V6LFHT116	ROHM	ZENER DIODE	SINGLE	GULL WING	3	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	5 mA	SINGLE	3.1 mV/Cel	5.6 V		ZENER	1 uA	1	2 V	SMALL OUTLINE		1.96 %		150 Cel	40 ohm			R-PDSO-G3		UNIDIRECTIONAL			.25 W	HIGH RELIABILITY			NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	SILICON	AEC-Q101
BZX84C12L	Vishay Intertechnology	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	3	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	5 mA	SINGLE		12 V		ZENER	100 uA	1	8 V	SMALL OUTLINE		5.39 %		150 Cel	25 ohm			R-PDSO-G3		UNIDIRECTIONAL		Not Qualified	.35 W		TO-236AB				SILICON
BZX84C18VLFHT116	ROHM	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	3	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	5 mA	SINGLE		18 V		ZENER		1		SMALL OUTLINE		6.41 %		150 Cel				R-PDSO-G3		UNIDIRECTIONAL			.25 W	HIGH RELIABILITY			10	260	SILICON	AEC-Q101
BZX84C22VLFHT116	ROHM	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	3	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	5 mA	SINGLE		22 V		ZENER		1		SMALL OUTLINE		5.67 %		150 Cel				R-PDSO-G3		UNIDIRECTIONAL			.25 W	HIGH RELIABILITY			10	260	SILICON	AEC-Q101
BZX84C33VLT116	ROHM	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	3	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	2 mA	SINGLE		33 V		ZENER		1		SMALL OUTLINE		6.06 %		150 Cel				R-PDSO-G3		UNIDIRECTIONAL			.25 W	HIGH RELIABILITY			10	260	SILICON
BZX84C33VLYT116	ROHM	ZENER DIODE	DUAL	GULL WING	3	YES	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	2 mA	SINGLE	31.1 mV/Cel	33 V		ZENER	.1 uA	1	23 V	SMALL OUTLINE		6.1 %		150 Cel	80 ohm		TIN	R-PDSO-G3	1	UNIDIRECTIONAL			.25 W	HIGH RELIABILITY		e3			SILICON

Zener Diodes

Zener diodes are electronic components that are designed to operate in the reverse breakdown region of their P-N junction, providing a stable and predictable voltage output. They are commonly used in electronic circuits as voltage regulators, voltage references, and surge protectors.

Zener diodes operate based on the properties of their P-N junction, which is designed to have a narrow depletion region and a low breakdown voltage. When a reverse voltage is applied to the diode, the depletion region widens, allowing a small reverse current to flow. As the voltage across the diode increases, the reverse current increases exponentially, maintaining a stable voltage across the diode.

Zener diodes offer several advantages over other types of voltage regulators, such as simplicity, low cost, and high efficiency. They do not require any external components, such as capacitors or inductors, and they can provide a stable output voltage over a wide range of input voltages and temperatures.

Zener diodes are commonly used in electronic circuits that require a stable voltage source, such as power supplies, battery chargers, and voltage regulators. They come in different package sizes and voltage ratings, depending on the application and the required performance.