20 Digital Arithmetic Circuits 1,862

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Part RoHS Manufacturer Logic IC Type Temperature Grade Terminal Form No. of Terminals Package Code Package Shape Total Dose (V) Package Body Material Schmitt Trigger Surface Mount No. of Functions Technology Screening Level No. of Bits Packing Method Nominal Supply Voltage / Vsup (V) Power Supplies (V) Load Capacitance (CL) Package Style (Meter) Package Equivalence Code Propagation Delay (tpd) Maximum I (ol) Sub-Category Terminal Pitch Maximum Operating Temperature Output Characteristics Minimum Operating Temperature Terminal Finish Terminal Position JESD-30 Code Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) Maximum Supply Voltage (Vsup) Maximum Seated Height Width Qualification Output Polarity Minimum Supply Voltage (Vsup) Maximum Power Supply Current (ICC) Additional Features JESD-609 Code Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s) Peak Reflow Temperature (C) Length Family

SN74LS636NP1

Texas Instruments

ERROR DETECTION AND CORRECTION CIRCUIT

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

TTL

IN-LINE

DIP20,.3

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

70 Cel

0 Cel

DUAL

R-PDIP-T20

Not Qualified

SN74S283FN

Texas Instruments

ADDER/SUBTRACTOR

COMMERCIAL

J BEND

20

QCCJ

SQUARE

PLASTIC/EPOXY

YES

1

TTL

4

5

15 pF

CHIP CARRIER

LDCC20,.4SQ

18 ns

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

70 Cel

0 Cel

QUAD

S-PQCC-J20

5.25 V

4.57 mm

8.9662 mm

Not Qualified

4.75 V

160 mA

FULL ADDER; WITH INTERNAL CARRY LOOKAHEAD; PERMITS RIPPLE CARRY CASCADING

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

8.9662 mm

S

SN74LS147FN

Texas Instruments

ENCODER

COMMERCIAL

J BEND

20

QCCJ

SQUARE

PLASTIC/EPOXY

YES

1

TTL

9

5

5

15 pF

CHIP CARRIER

LDCC20,.4SQ

23 ns

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

70 Cel

0 Cel

QUAD

S-PQCC-J20

5.25 V

4.57 mm

8.9662 mm

Not Qualified

4.75 V

20 mA

9 TO 4 LINE PRIORITY ENCODER

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

8.9662 mm

LS

SN74AS286FN3

Texas Instruments

PARITY GENERATOR/CHECKER

COMMERCIAL

J BEND

20

QCCJ

SQUARE

PLASTIC/EPOXY

YES

TTL

5

5

CHIP CARRIER

LDCC20,.4SQ

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

70 Cel

0 Cel

QUAD

S-PQCC-J20

SN74ALS527FN

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

COMMERCIAL

J BEND

20

QCCJ

SQUARE

PLASTIC/EPOXY

YES

TTL

CHIP CARRIER

LDCC20,.4SQ

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

70 Cel

0 Cel

QUAD

S-PQCC-J20

Not Qualified

CD74HC688EE4

Texas Instruments

MAGNITUDE COMPARATOR

MILITARY

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

1

CMOS

8

4.5

2/6

IN-LINE

DIP20,.3

255 ns

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD

DUAL

R-PDIP-T20

6 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

2 V

CASCADABLE

e4

25.4 mm

HC/UH

SN74AS282DW3

Texas Instruments

LOOK-AHEAD CARRY GENERATOR

COMMERCIAL

GULL WING

20

SOP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

YES

TTL

SMALL OUTLINE

SOP20,.4

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

70 Cel

0 Cel

DUAL

R-PDSO-G20

SN74HC680N

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

INDUSTRIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

CMOS

IN-LINE

DIP20,.3

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

85 Cel

-40 Cel

DUAL

R-PDIP-T20

Not Qualified

SN74ALS520FN-00

Texas Instruments

IDENTITY COMPARATOR

COMMERCIAL

J BEND

20

QCCJ

SQUARE

PLASTIC/EPOXY

YES

1

TTL

8

5

50 pF

CHIP CARRIER

20 ns

1.27 mm

70 Cel

0 Cel

QUAD

S-PQCC-J20

5.5 V

4.57 mm

8.9662 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

4.5 V

19 mA

WITH PULL-UP RESISTORS ON B INPUTS; CASCADABLE

8.9662 mm

ALS

SN74HC679JP4

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

INDUSTRIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC

NO

CMOS

IN-LINE

DIP20,.3

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

85 Cel

-40 Cel

DUAL

R-XDIP-T20

SN74LS381N1

Texas Instruments

ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

TTL

IN-LINE

DIP20,.3

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

70 Cel

0 Cel

DUAL

R-PDIP-T20

Not Qualified

SN74LS688DWG4

Texas Instruments

IDENTITY COMPARATOR

COMMERCIAL

GULL WING

20

SOP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

YES

1

TTL

8

5

5

SMALL OUTLINE

SOP20,.4

23 ns

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

70 Cel

0 Cel

NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD

DUAL

R-PDSO-G20

1

5.25 V

2.65 mm

7.5 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

4.85 V

e4

30

260

12.8 mm

LS

SN74ALS679DWR

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

COMMERCIAL

GULL WING

20

SOP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

YES

1

TTL

12

5

50 pF

SMALL OUTLINE

35 ns

1.27 mm

70 Cel

0 Cel

NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD

DUAL

R-PDSO-G20

5.5 V

2.65 mm

7.5 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

4.5 V

28 mA

WITH INHIBIT

e4

12.8 mm

ALS

5962-9759101QSX

Texas Instruments

IDENTITY COMPARATOR

MILITARY

FLAT

20

DFP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED

YES

1

TTL

MIL-PRF-38535 Class Q

8

5

FLATPACK

14 ns

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

DUAL

R-GDFP-F20

5.5 V

2.54 mm

6.92 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

4.5 V

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

13.09 mm

F/FAST

SN74F521DWRG4

Texas Instruments

IDENTITY COMPARATOR

COMMERCIAL

GULL WING

20

SOP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

YES

1

TTL

8

5

5

SMALL OUTLINE

SOP20,.4

11 ns

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

70 Cel

0 Cel

NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD

DUAL

R-PDSO-G20

1

5.5 V

2.65 mm

7.5 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

4.5 V

e4

30

260

12.8 mm

F/FAST

SN74LS682N1

Texas Instruments

MAGNITUDE COMPARATOR

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

TTL

5

5

IN-LINE

DIP20,.3

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

70 Cel

0 Cel

DUAL

R-PDIP-T20

Not Qualified

SN74HC684N

Texas Instruments

MAGNITUDE COMPARATOR

INDUSTRIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

1

CMOS

8

TUBE

5

2/6

50 pF

IN-LINE

DIP20,.3

344 ns

5.2 Amp

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

85 Cel

-40 Cel

NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD

DUAL

R-PDIP-T20

6 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

2 V

.08 mA

WITH A=B AND A > B OUTPUTS

e4

25.4 mm

HC

SN74AS282JP4

Texas Instruments

LOOK-AHEAD CARRY GENERATOR

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC

NO

TTL

IN-LINE

DIP20,.3

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

70 Cel

0 Cel

DUAL

R-XDIP-T20

SN74HC382J4

Texas Instruments

ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT

INDUSTRIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC

NO

CMOS

IN-LINE

DIP20,.3

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

85 Cel

-40 Cel

DUAL

R-XDIP-T20

SN74HC680NP1

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

INDUSTRIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

CMOS

IN-LINE

DIP20,.3

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

85 Cel

-40 Cel

DUAL

R-PDIP-T20

Not Qualified

SN74ALS527DW3

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

COMMERCIAL

GULL WING

20

SOP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

YES

TTL

SMALL OUTLINE

SOP20,.4

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

70 Cel

0 Cel

DUAL

R-PDSO-G20

SN74AS264FN3

Texas Instruments

LOOK-AHEAD CARRY GENERATOR

COMMERCIAL

J BEND

20

QCCJ

SQUARE

PLASTIC/EPOXY

YES

TTL

CHIP CARRIER

LDCC20,.4SQ

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

70 Cel

0 Cel

QUAD

S-PQCC-J20

SN74HC679DW-00

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

INDUSTRIAL

GULL WING

20

SOP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

YES

1

CMOS

12

5

50 pF

SMALL OUTLINE

200 ns

1.27 mm

85 Cel

-40 Cel

DUAL

R-PDSO-G20

6 V

2.65 mm

7.5 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

2 V

WITH INHIBIT

12.8 mm

HC/UH

SN74LS689FN3

Texas Instruments

MAGNITUDE COMPARATOR

COMMERCIAL

J BEND

20

QCCJ

SQUARE

PLASTIC/EPOXY

YES

TTL

5

5

CHIP CARRIER

LDCC20,.4SQ

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

70 Cel

0 Cel

QUAD

S-PQCC-J20

SN74S274N-10

Texas Instruments

MULTIPLIER

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

1

TTL

4

5

IN-LINE

70 ns

2.54 mm

70 Cel

3-STATE

0 Cel

DUAL

R-PDIP-T20

5.25 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

4.75 V

24.325 mm

S

SN74ALS688J4

Texas Instruments

IDENTITY COMPARATOR

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC

NO

TTL

5

5

IN-LINE

DIP20,.3

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

70 Cel

0 Cel

DUAL

R-XDIP-T20

SN74ALS526FN-00

Texas Instruments

IDENTITY COMPARATOR

COMMERCIAL

J BEND

20

QCCJ

SQUARE

PLASTIC/EPOXY

YES

1

TTL

16

5

CHIP CARRIER

1.27 mm

70 Cel

0 Cel

QUAD

S-PQCC-J20

5.5 V

4.57 mm

8.9662 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

4.5 V

FUSE-PROGRAMMABLE PORT B INPUTS; CASCADABLE

8.9662 mm

ALS

74AC11520DW

Texas Instruments

IDENTITY COMPARATOR

INDUSTRIAL

GULL WING

20

SOP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

YES

1

CMOS

8

5

3.3/5

50 pF

SMALL OUTLINE

SOP20,.4

11.3 ns

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

85 Cel

-40 Cel

DUAL

R-PDSO-G20

5.5 V

2.65 mm

7.5 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

3 V

WITH PULL-UP RESISTORS ON B INPUTS; CASCADABLE

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

12.8 mm

AC

SN74ALS688FN

Texas Instruments

IDENTITY COMPARATOR

COMMERCIAL

J BEND

20

QCCJ

SQUARE

PLASTIC/EPOXY

YES

TTL

5

5

CHIP CARRIER

LDCC20,.4SQ

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

70 Cel

0 Cel

QUAD

S-PQCC-J20

Not Qualified

SN74LS685JP4

Texas Instruments

MAGNITUDE COMPARATOR

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC

NO

TTL

5

5

IN-LINE

DIP20,.3

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

70 Cel

0 Cel

DUAL

R-XDIP-T20

5962-9754701Q2X

Texas Instruments

MAGNITUDE COMPARATOR

MILITARY

NO LEAD

20

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC, METAL-SEALED COFIRED

YES

1

TTL

MIL-PRF-38535 Class Q

4

5

15 pF

CHIP CARRIER

45 ns

1.27 mm

125 Cel

-55 Cel

QUAD

S-CQCC-N20

5.5 V

2.03 mm

8.89 mm

Qualified

TRUE

4.5 V

88 mA

CASCADABLE

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

8.89 mm

LS

SN74ALS526JP4

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC

NO

TTL

IN-LINE

DIP20,.3

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

70 Cel

0 Cel

DUAL

R-XDIP-T20

SN74LS385N3

Texas Instruments

ADDER/SUBTRACTOR

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

TTL

IN-LINE

DIP20,.3

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

70 Cel

0 Cel

DUAL

R-PDIP-T20

SN74ALS522DW

Texas Instruments

IDENTITY COMPARATOR

COMMERCIAL

GULL WING

20

SOP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

YES

1

TTL

8

5

5

50 pF

SMALL OUTLINE

SOP20,.4

23 ns

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

70 Cel

OPEN-COLLECTOR

0 Cel

DUAL

R-PDSO-G20

5.5 V

2.65 mm

7.5 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

4.5 V

17 mA

WITH PULL-UP RESISTORS ON B INPUTS; CASCADABLE

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

12.8 mm

ALS

SN74HC684J4

Texas Instruments

MAGNITUDE COMPARATOR

INDUSTRIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC

NO

CMOS

2/6

IN-LINE

DIP20,.3

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

85 Cel

-40 Cel

DUAL

R-XDIP-T20

SN74ALS521DWG4

Texas Instruments

IDENTITY COMPARATOR

COMMERCIAL

GULL WING

20

SOP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

YES

1

TTL

8

5

5

SMALL OUTLINE

SOP20,.4

20 ns

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

70 Cel

3-STATE

0 Cel

NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD

DUAL

R-PDSO-G20

1

5.5 V

2.65 mm

7.5 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

4.5 V

WITH PULL-UP RESISTORS ON Q INPUTS; CASCADABLE

e4

30

260

12.8 mm

ALS

SN74ALS527NP1

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

TTL

IN-LINE

DIP20,.3

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

70 Cel

0 Cel

DUAL

R-PDIP-T20

Not Qualified

SN74ALS521DWE4

Texas Instruments

IDENTITY COMPARATOR

COMMERCIAL

GULL WING

20

SOP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

YES

1

TTL

8

5

5

50 pF

SMALL OUTLINE

SOP20,.4

20 ns

Arithmetic Circuit

1.27 mm

70 Cel

3-STATE

0 Cel

NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD

DUAL

R-PDSO-G20

1

5.5 V

2.65 mm

7.5 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

4.5 V

19 mA

WITH PULL-UP RESISTORS ON Q INPUTS; CASCADABLE

e4

30

260

12.8 mm

ALS

SN74ALS680N3

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

TTL

IN-LINE

DIP20,.3

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

70 Cel

0 Cel

DUAL

R-PDIP-T20

SN74ALS521J4

Texas Instruments

IDENTITY COMPARATOR

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC

NO

TTL

5

5

IN-LINE

DIP20,.3

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

70 Cel

0 Cel

DUAL

R-XDIP-T20

SN74ALS680N-10

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

1

TTL

12

5

IN-LINE

2.54 mm

70 Cel

0 Cel

DUAL

R-PDIP-T20

5.5 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

4.5 V

WITH OUTPUT LATCH

24.325 mm

ALS

SN74ALS521NSR

Texas Instruments

IDENTITY COMPARATOR

COMMERCIAL

GULL WING

20

SOP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

YES

1

TTL

8

TR

5

5

50 pF

SMALL OUTLINE

SOP20,.3

20 ns

24 Amp

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

70 Cel

3-STATE

0 Cel

Nickel/Palladium/Gold (Ni/Pd/Au)

DUAL

R-PDSO-G20

1

5.5 V

2 mm

5.3 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

4.5 V

19 mA

WITH PULL-UP RESISTORS ON Q INPUTS; CASCADABLE

e4

NOT SPECIFIED

260

12.6 mm

ALS

SN74LS689NP3

Texas Instruments

MAGNITUDE COMPARATOR

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

TTL

5

5

IN-LINE

DIP20,.3

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

70 Cel

0 Cel

DUAL

R-PDIP-T20

74AC11520N

Texas Instruments

IDENTITY COMPARATOR

INDUSTRIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

1

CMOS

8

5

3.3/5

50 pF

IN-LINE

DIP20,.3

11.3 ns

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

85 Cel

-40 Cel

DUAL

R-PDIP-T20

5.5 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

3 V

WITH PULL-UP RESISTORS ON B INPUTS; CASCADABLE

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

24.325 mm

AC

SN74HC684FH

Texas Instruments

MAGNITUDE COMPARATOR

INDUSTRIAL

NO LEAD

20

QCCN

SQUARE

CERAMIC

YES

CMOS

2/6

CHIP CARRIER

LCC20,.35SQ

Arithmetic Circuits

1.27 mm

85 Cel

-40 Cel

QUAD

S-XQCC-N20

Not Qualified

SN74ALS679NP3

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

TTL

IN-LINE

DIP20,.3

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

70 Cel

0 Cel

DUAL

R-PDIP-T20

SN74ALS679N3

Texas Instruments

ADDRESS COMPARATOR

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

NO

1

TTL

12

5

50 pF

IN-LINE

DIP20,.3

35 ns

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

70 Cel

0 Cel

DUAL

R-PDIP-T20

5.5 V

5.08 mm

7.62 mm

Not Qualified

INVERTED

4.5 V

28 mA

WITH INHIBIT

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

24.325 mm

ALS

SN74LS682J4

Texas Instruments

MAGNITUDE COMPARATOR

COMMERCIAL

THROUGH-HOLE

20

DIP

RECTANGULAR

CERAMIC

NO

TTL

5

5

IN-LINE

DIP20,.3

Arithmetic Circuits

2.54 mm

70 Cel

0 Cel

DUAL

R-XDIP-T20

Digital Arithmetic Circuits

Digital arithmetic circuits are electronic circuits designed to perform arithmetic operations on digital signals. These circuits are essential components of digital systems, such as microprocessors, digital signal processors, and programmable logic devices.

Digital arithmetic circuits can perform various arithmetic operations, including addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and modulo arithmetic. These operations are performed using binary arithmetic, where numbers are represented using the binary number system (0s and 1s).

Adders are one of the most commonly used digital arithmetic circuits. They are used to perform binary addition, where two binary numbers are added to produce a sum. Adders can be designed using various techniques, including ripple carry adders, carry look-ahead adders, and carry select adders.

Subtractors are also commonly used digital arithmetic circuits. They are used to perform binary subtraction, where one binary number is subtracted from another to produce a difference. Subtractors can be designed using techniques, including ripple borrow subtractors, borrow look-ahead subtractors, and borrow select subtractors.

Multiplexers and demultiplexers are digital circuits that can be used for various arithmetic operations, such as multiplication and division. Multiplexers can be used to select one of several input signals based on a control signal, while demultiplexers can be used to distribute a single input signal to several outputs based on a control signal.

Digital arithmetic circuits can also be designed using programmable logic devices, such as field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) and complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs). These devices can be programmed to implement various arithmetic operations and can be reprogrammed to adapt to changing system requirements.