OTHER Phase Locked Loops (PLL) & Frequency Synthesis Circuits 237

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Part	Manufacturer	Other IC type	Temperature Grade	No. of Terminals	Package Code	Package Shape	Surface Mount	Package Body Material	Maximum Supply Current (Isup)	No. of Functions	Technology	Terminal Form	Nominal Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Power Supplies (V)	Package Style (Meter)	Package Equivalence Code	Sub-Category	Terminal Pitch	Maximum Operating Temperature	Minimum Operating Temperature	Terminal Finish	Terminal Position	JESD-30 Code	Maximum Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Maximum Seated Height	Width (mm)	Qualification	Minimum Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Additional Features	JESD-609 Code	Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s)	Peak Reflow Temperature (C)	Length
TDA8735TD-T	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	2.65 mm	7.5 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V					10.3 mm
935260845112	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	BICMOS	GULL WING	3 V		SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.5 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	2.7 V		e4			5.2 mm
UMA1021MDK-T	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	20	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	BICMOS	GULL WING			SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G20	5.5 V	1.5 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	2.7 V					6.5 mm
UMA1021AM	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	9.5 mA	1	BICMOS	GULL WING	3 V	3/5	SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	SSOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.5 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	2.7 V					5.2 mm
TSA5527M	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	85 Cel	-20 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.5 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V	ALSO REQUIRES 4.5V TO 13.5V SUPPLY	e4			5.2 mm
TSA5526T-T	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	85 Cel	-20 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V	ALSO REQUIRES 4.5V TO 13.5V SUPPLY				9.9 mm
TSA5059AT	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	45 mA	1	BIPOLAR	GULL WING	5 V	5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	85 Cel	-20 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.25 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	4.75 V				260	9.9 mm
UMA1015M/C2	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	20	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	BICMOS	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G20	5.5 V	1.5 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	2.6 V					6.5 mm
TSA5526M-T	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	85 Cel	-20 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.5 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V	ALSO REQUIRES 4.5V TO 13.5V SUPPLY				5.2 mm
TSA5520TD-T	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	85 Cel	-20 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V	ALSO REQUIRES 4.5V TO 13.5V SUPPLY				9.9 mm
TSA5520M	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	85 Cel	-20 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.5 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V	ALSO REQUIRES 4.5V TO 13.5V SUPPLY				5.2 mm
TSA5526M	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	85 Cel	-20 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.5 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V	ALSO REQUIRES 4.5V TO 13.5V SUPPLY	e4			5.2 mm
TDA8735T	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	2.65 mm	7.5 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V	ADDL SPLY OF 4.5V TO 12V REQD, SELECTABLE 3/4 PRESCALER; 2-BIT SWALLOW COUNTER	e4			10.3 mm
TSA5055T-T	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	85 Cel	-20 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V					9.9 mm
TSA5527M-T	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	85 Cel	-20 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.5 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V	ALSO REQUIRES 4.5V TO 13.5V SUPPLY				5.2 mm
UMA1018M	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	20	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	8.5 mA	1	BICMOS	GULL WING	5 V	3/5	SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	SSOP20,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G20	5.5 V	1.5 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	2.7 V					6.5 mm
TSA5523M/C1-T	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	20	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	85 Cel	-20 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G20	5.5 V	1.5 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V		e4			6.5 mm
TSA5526T	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE			1.27 mm	85 Cel	-20 Cel	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V	ALSO REQUIRES 4.5V TO 13.5V SUPPLY	e4			9.9 mm
TSA5522M	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	20	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	30 mA	1	BIPOLAR	GULL WING	5 V	5,12	SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	SSOP20,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-20 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G20	5.5 V	1.5 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V	ADDITIONAL DIVIDE BY 8 PRESCALER				6.5 mm
UMA1015AMDK-T	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	20	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	BICMOS	GULL WING	3 V		SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G20	5.5 V	1.5 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	2.7 V	ALSO REQUIRES 2.7V TO 6V SUPPLY				6.5 mm
UMA1021AM/C1	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	BICMOS	GULL WING	3 V		SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.5 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	2.7 V					5.2 mm
MC145162P1	NXP Semiconductors	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V		IN-LINE			2.54 mm	75 Cel	-40 Cel		DUAL	R-PDIP-T16	5.5 V	4.4 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	2.5 V	14-BIT AUXILIARY REFERENCE COUNTER				19.175 mm
PMB2309	Infineon Technologies		OTHER	16	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY			BIPOLAR	GULL WING		3/5	SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.635 mm	85 Cel	-20 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16				Not Qualified			e0
PMB2303	Infineon Technologies		OTHER	20	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY			BIPOLAR	GULL WING		3/5	SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP20,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.635 mm	85 Cel	-20 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G20				Not Qualified			e0
PMB2251V1.3	Infineon Technologies		OTHER	28	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY				GULL WING		3/5	SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP28,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.635 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G28				Not Qualified
PMB2308	Infineon Technologies		OTHER	16	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY			BIPOLAR	GULL WING		3/5	SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.635 mm	85 Cel	-20 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16				Not Qualified			e0
PMB2302	Infineon Technologies		OTHER	20	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY			BIPOLAR	GULL WING		3/5	SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP20,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.635 mm	85 Cel	-20 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G20				Not Qualified			e0
SDA3202	Infineon Technologies		OTHER	18	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY			BIPOLAR	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V	5	IN-LINE	DIP18,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	2.54 mm	85 Cel	0 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDIP-T18				Not Qualified			e0
SDA2121-2X	Infineon Technologies		OTHER	20	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY				GULL WING	5 V	5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP20,.4	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	85 Cel	-25 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G20				Not Qualified			e0
SDA2121-2	Infineon Technologies		OTHER	20	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY				THROUGH-HOLE	5 V	5	IN-LINE	DIP20,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	2.54 mm	85 Cel	-25 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDIP-T20				Not Qualified			e0
SDA2120	Infineon Technologies		OTHER	22	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY				THROUGH-HOLE	5 V	5	IN-LINE	DIP22,.4	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	2.54 mm	85 Cel	-25 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDIP-T22				Not Qualified			e0
SDA2121	Infineon Technologies		OTHER	20	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY				THROUGH-HOLE	5 V	5	IN-LINE	DIP20,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	2.54 mm	85 Cel	-25 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDIP-T20				Not Qualified			e0
SDA3112	Infineon Technologies		OTHER	18	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY			BIPOLAR	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V	5	IN-LINE	DIP18,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	2.54 mm	85 Cel	0 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDIP-T18				Not Qualified			e0
SDA3202-2	Infineon Technologies		OTHER	18	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY			BIPOLAR	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V	5	IN-LINE	DIP18,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	2.54 mm	85 Cel	0 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDIP-T18				Not Qualified			e0
SDA3202-2X	Infineon Technologies		OTHER	20	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY			BIPOLAR	GULL WING	5 V	5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP20,.4	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	85 Cel	0 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G20				Not Qualified			e0
TD7626FN	Toshiba	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	52 mA		BIPOLAR	GULL WING	5 V	5	SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	SSOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-20 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16		1.6 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified						5 mm
TB31202FN	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	11 mA	1	BICMOS	GULL WING	2.2 V	2.2	SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	SSOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.6 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	1.9 V		e0			5 mm
TB31213FNG	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	24	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	22 mA	1	BICMOS	GULL WING	2.2 V	2.2	SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	SSOP24,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G24	5.5 V	1.2 mm	5.6 mm	Not Qualified	1.9 V			NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	7.8 mm
TD7627FN	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY			BIPOLAR	GULL WING		5,9	SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	SSOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-20 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16		1.6 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified						5 mm
TD7628FN	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	BIPOLAR	GULL WING	5 V		SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	85 Cel	-20 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.6 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V		e0			5 mm
TB31206FN-TP2	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	3 V		SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.6 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	2.7 V	6-BIT AUXILIARY INPUT COUNTER				5 mm
TB31214FN	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	24	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	BICMOS	GULL WING	2.2 V		SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G24	5.5 V	1.2 mm	5.6 mm	Not Qualified	1.9 V		e0			7.8 mm
TB31356AFL	Toshiba	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	OTHER	16	VQCCN	SQUARE	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	4.8 mA	2	BICMOS	NO LEAD	3 V	3	CHIP CARRIER, VERY THIN PROFILE	LCC16,.18SQ,25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel	TIN LEAD	QUAD	S-PQCC-N16	3.3 V	.9 mm	4 mm	Not Qualified	2.4 V		e0			4 mm
TC9246F	Toshiba	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	OTHER	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	25 mA	1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V	5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	85 Cel	-35 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.9 mm	5.3 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V		e0			10.3 mm
TB31202FN(EL)	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	11 mA	1		GULL WING	2.2 V		SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.6 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	1.9 V	5-BIT AUXILIARY INPUT COUNTER				5 mm
TB31206FN-TP1	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	3 V		SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.6 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	2.7 V	6-BIT AUXILIARY INPUT COUNTER				5 mm
TC9246P	Toshiba	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	OTHER	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY	25 mA	1	CMOS	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V	5	IN-LINE	DIP16,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	2.54 mm	85 Cel	-35 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDIP-T16	5.5 V	4.45 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V		e0			19.25 mm
TB1232F	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	BICMOS	GULL WING	5 V	5,12,33	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	85 Cel	-20 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.9 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V	ADDITIONAL 12V AND 33V ALSO REQUIRED				10 mm

Phase Locked Loops (PLL) & Frequency Synthesis Circuits

Phase Locked Loops (PLL) and Frequency Synthesis Circuits are electronic circuits used to generate and control stable and precise frequencies for use in various applications, such as communication systems, signal processing, and instrumentation.

A PLL is a feedback system that compares the phase of an input signal to the phase of a reference signal and adjusts the output frequency to match the reference frequency. The basic components of a PLL include a phase detector, a low-pass filter, a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), and a frequency divider. The phase detector compares the phase of the input and reference signals and generates an error signal that is filtered and used to adjust the frequency of the VCO. The output of the VCO is divided by a frequency divider to generate the output frequency. PLLs are commonly used for frequency synthesis, clock recovery, and phase modulation/demodulation.

Frequency synthesis circuits are electronic circuits used to generate precise and stable frequencies by combining multiple signals with different frequencies. These circuits use various techniques, such as direct digital synthesis (DDS), fractional-N synthesis, and frequency mixing to generate frequencies. DDS is a technique that uses a digital signal generator to generate a waveform with a specific frequency, phase, and amplitude. Fractional-N synthesis is a technique that uses a PLL to generate a frequency that is a fraction of the reference frequency. Frequency mixing is a technique that combines two signals with different frequencies to generate a signal with a frequency equal to the difference between the two frequencies.

PLLs and frequency synthesis circuits are critical components in many electronic systems that require precise and stable frequencies. These circuits are used in communication systems, signal processing, instrumentation, and other applications where accurate frequency generation and control is required.