OTHER Phase Locked Loops (PLL) & Frequency Synthesis Circuits 237

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Part	Manufacturer	Other IC type	Temperature Grade	No. of Terminals	Package Code	Package Shape	Surface Mount	Package Body Material	Maximum Supply Current (Isup)	No. of Functions	Technology	Terminal Form	Nominal Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Power Supplies (V)	Package Style (Meter)	Package Equivalence Code	Sub-Category	Terminal Pitch	Maximum Operating Temperature	Minimum Operating Temperature	Terminal Finish	Terminal Position	JESD-30 Code	Maximum Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Maximum Seated Height	Width (mm)	Qualification	Minimum Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Additional Features	JESD-609 Code	Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s)	Peak Reflow Temperature (C)	Length
TD7626AF	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	52 mA		BIPOLAR	GULL WING	5 V	5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	85 Cel	-20 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16		1.9 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified			e0			10 mm
TB31206AFN	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	21.5 mA	1	BICMOS	GULL WING	3 V	3	SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	SSOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.6 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	2.7 V		e0			5 mm
TD7623AFN	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	80 mA		BIPOLAR	GULL WING		5,5/8	SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	SSOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-20 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16		1.6 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified						5 mm
TD7624AFN	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	79 mA	1	BIPOLAR	GULL WING	5 V	5,9	SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	SSOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-20 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.6 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V					5 mm
TB31202FN-TP2	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	11 mA	1		GULL WING	2.2 V		SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.6 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	1.9 V	5-BIT AUXILIARY INPUT COUNTER				5 mm
TD7626F	Toshiba	PHASE LOCKED LOOP	OTHER	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	52 mA		BIPOLAR	GULL WING	5 V	5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	85 Cel	-20 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16		1.9 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified						10 mm
TC9181P	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	18	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY	5 mA	1	CMOS	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V	5	IN-LINE	DIP18,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	2.54 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDIP-T18	6 V	4.5 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	4 V		e0			22 mm
TB31201FN-TP2	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	11 mA	1		GULL WING	2.2 V		SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.6 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	1.9 V	5-BIT AUXILIARY INPUT COUNTER				5 mm
TB31206FN(EL)	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	3 V		SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.6 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	2.7 V	6-BIT AUXILIARY INPUT COUNTER				5 mm
TC9181F	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	24	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	5 mA	1	CMOS	GULL WING	5 V	5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP24,.45	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G24	6 V	2.3 mm	8.8 mm	Not Qualified	4 V			NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	16 mm
TB31201FN	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	11 mA	1		GULL WING	2.2 V		SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.6 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	1.9 V	5-BIT AUXILIARY INPUT COUNTER		NOT SPECIFIED	240	5 mm
TB31201FN(ER)	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	11 mA	1		GULL WING	2.2 V		SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.6 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	1.9 V	5-BIT AUXILIARY INPUT COUNTER				5 mm
TD7623FN	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	42 mA	1	BIPOLAR	GULL WING	5 V	5,5/8	SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	SSOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-20 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.6 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V	ADDITIONAL 9V ALSO REQUIRED	e0			5 mm
TD7624FN	Toshiba		OTHER	16	SSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	79 mA		BIPOLAR	GULL WING		5,9	SMALL OUTLINE, SHRINK PITCH	SSOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.635 mm	85 Cel	-20 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16				Not Qualified			e0
TB31201FN-TP1	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	11 mA	1		GULL WING	2.2 V		SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.6 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	1.9 V	5-BIT AUXILIARY INPUT COUNTER				5 mm
TB1232FN	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	BICMOS	GULL WING	5 V	5,12,33	SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	SSOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-20 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.6 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	4.5 V	ADDITIONAL 12V AND 33V ALSO REQUIRED	e0			5 mm
TB31202FN-TP1	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	11 mA	1		GULL WING	2.2 V		SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.6 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	1.9 V	5-BIT AUXILIARY INPUT COUNTER				5 mm
TB31213FN	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	24	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	22 mA	1	BICMOS	GULL WING	2.2 V	2.2	SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	SSOP24,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G24	5.5 V	1.2 mm	5.6 mm	Not Qualified	1.9 V		e0			7.8 mm
TD7626AFN	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	52 mA		BIPOLAR	GULL WING	5 V	5	SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	SSOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-20 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16		1.6 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified			e0			5 mm
TB31214FNG	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	24	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	22 mA	1	BICMOS	GULL WING	2.2 V	2.2	SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	SSOP24,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G24	5.5 V	1.6 mm	5.6 mm	Not Qualified	1.9 V			NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	7.8 mm
TB31201FN(EL)	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	11 mA	1		GULL WING	2.2 V		SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.6 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	1.9 V	5-BIT AUXILIARY INPUT COUNTER				5 mm
TB31202FNG	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	11 mA	1	BICMOS	GULL WING	2.2 V	2.2	SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	SSOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel	TIN SILVER	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.6 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	1.9 V		e2			5 mm
TB31206FN(ER)	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1		GULL WING	3 V		SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.6 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	2.7 V	6-BIT AUXILIARY INPUT COUNTER	e0			5 mm
TB31202FN(ER)	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	11 mA	1		GULL WING	2.2 V		SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.6 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	1.9 V	5-BIT AUXILIARY INPUT COUNTER				5 mm
TB31206FN	Toshiba	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	LSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	21.5 mA	1	BICMOS	GULL WING	3 V	3	SMALL OUTLINE, LOW PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	SSOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V	1.6 mm	4.4 mm	Not Qualified	2.7 V		e0			5 mm
UPD1701C-012	Renesas Electronics		OTHER	28	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY	2 mA		CMOS	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V	5	IN-LINE	DIP28,.4	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	2.54 mm	70 Cel	-35 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDIP-T28				Not Qualified			e0
UPD3140GS-T1	Renesas Electronics	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	20	SSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	6.6 mA	2	BICMOS	GULL WING	2 V	2/5	SMALL OUTLINE, SHRINK PITCH	SSOP20,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-35 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G20	5.5 V	2 mm	6.1 mm	Not Qualified	1.8 V		e0
UPD3150GS-E2	Renesas Electronics	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	20	SSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	9.8 mA	2	BICMOS	GULL WING	3 V	3	SMALL OUTLINE, SHRINK PITCH	SSOP20,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G20	5.5 V	2 mm	6.1 mm	Not Qualified	2.7 V		e0
UPD1705C-012	Renesas Electronics		OTHER	42	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY			CMOS	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V	5	IN-LINE	DIP42,.6	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	2.54 mm	70 Cel	-35 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDIP-T42				Not Qualified			e0
UPD3160GS	Renesas Electronics		OTHER	20	SSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	1.5 mA		CMOS	GULL WING	3 V	3	SMALL OUTLINE, SHRINK PITCH	SSOP20,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.635 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G20				Not Qualified			e0
UPD3140GS	Renesas Electronics	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	20	SSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		2	BICMOS	GULL WING	2 V		SMALL OUTLINE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	85 Cel	-35 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G20	5.5 V	2 mm	6.1 mm	Not Qualified	1.8 V		e0
UPD1703C-017	Renesas Electronics		OTHER	28	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY	.01 mA		CMOS	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V	5	IN-LINE	DIP28,.4	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	2.54 mm	70 Cel	-35 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDIP-T28				Not Qualified			e0
UPD3150GS-E1	Renesas Electronics	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	20	SSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	9.8 mA	2	BICMOS	GULL WING	3 V	3	SMALL OUTLINE, SHRINK PITCH	SSOP20,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G20	5.5 V	2 mm	6.1 mm	Not Qualified	2.7 V		e0
UPD1705C-014	Renesas Electronics		OTHER	42	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY			CMOS	THROUGH-HOLE	5 V	5	IN-LINE	DIP42,.6	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	2.54 mm	70 Cel	-35 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDIP-T42				Not Qualified			e0
UPD3160GS-E1	Renesas Electronics	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	20	SSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING	3 V		SMALL OUTLINE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G20	3.6 V	2 mm	6.1 mm	Not Qualified	2.7 V		e0
UPD3140GS-E2	Renesas Electronics	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	20	SSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	6.6 mA	2	BICMOS	GULL WING	2 V	2/5	SMALL OUTLINE, SHRINK PITCH	SSOP20,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-35 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G20	5.5 V	2 mm	6.1 mm	Not Qualified	1.8 V		e0
UPD3160GS-E2	Renesas Electronics	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	20	SSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	CMOS	GULL WING	3 V		SMALL OUTLINE, SHRINK PITCH			.65 mm	85 Cel	-30 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G20	3.6 V	2 mm	6.1 mm	Not Qualified	2.7 V		e0
UPD3140GS-E1	Renesas Electronics	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	20	SSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	6.6 mA	2	BICMOS	GULL WING	2 V	2/5	SMALL OUTLINE, SHRINK PITCH	SSOP20,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-35 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G20	5.5 V	2 mm	6.1 mm	Not Qualified	1.8 V		e0
UPD3140GS-T2	Renesas Electronics	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	20	SSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	6.6 mA	2	BICMOS	GULL WING	2 V	2/5	SMALL OUTLINE, SHRINK PITCH	SSOP20,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.65 mm	85 Cel	-35 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G20	5.5 V	2 mm	6.1 mm	Not Qualified	1.8 V		e0
S1T8825B01-R0B0	Samsung	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY	9.5 mA	1	BICMOS	GULL WING	3 V	3	SMALL OUTLINE	TSSOP16(UNSPEC)	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits		85 Cel	-30 Cel	TIN LEAD	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	5.5 V			Not Qualified	2.2 V		e0		240
KB8825	Samsung	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		2	BICMOS	GULL WING	3 V		SMALL OUTLINE				85 Cel	-30 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	3.6 V			Not Qualified	2.7 V	ALSO OPERATES FROM 2.2V TO 5.5V WITH 3V NOMINAL FOR FIN1=FIN2=200MHZ TO 550MHZ
KS8802N	Samsung		OTHER	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	NO	PLASTIC/EPOXY				THROUGH-HOLE		3.3/5	IN-LINE	DIP16,.3	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	2.54 mm	70 Cel	-30 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDIP-T16				Not Qualified			e0
KS8809D	Samsung		OTHER	16	TSSOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY			CMOS	GULL WING		1, 3	SMALL OUTLINE, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH	TSSOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	.635 mm	70 Cel	-25 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16				Not Qualified			e0
KS8802D	Samsung		OTHER	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY				GULL WING		3.3/5	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP16,.25	PLL or Frequency Synthesis Circuits	1.27 mm	70 Cel	-30 Cel	Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)	DUAL	R-PDSO-G16				Not Qualified			e0
S1T8825X01-R0B0	Samsung	PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER	OTHER	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	YES	PLASTIC/EPOXY		1	BICMOS	GULL WING	3 V		SMALL OUTLINE				85 Cel	-30 Cel		DUAL	R-PDSO-G16	3.6 V			Not Qualified	2.7 V	DUAL MODULUS PRESCALER: 64/66

Phase Locked Loops (PLL) & Frequency Synthesis Circuits

Phase Locked Loops (PLL) and Frequency Synthesis Circuits are electronic circuits used to generate and control stable and precise frequencies for use in various applications, such as communication systems, signal processing, and instrumentation.

A PLL is a feedback system that compares the phase of an input signal to the phase of a reference signal and adjusts the output frequency to match the reference frequency. The basic components of a PLL include a phase detector, a low-pass filter, a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), and a frequency divider. The phase detector compares the phase of the input and reference signals and generates an error signal that is filtered and used to adjust the frequency of the VCO. The output of the VCO is divided by a frequency divider to generate the output frequency. PLLs are commonly used for frequency synthesis, clock recovery, and phase modulation/demodulation.

Frequency synthesis circuits are electronic circuits used to generate precise and stable frequencies by combining multiple signals with different frequencies. These circuits use various techniques, such as direct digital synthesis (DDS), fractional-N synthesis, and frequency mixing to generate frequencies. DDS is a technique that uses a digital signal generator to generate a waveform with a specific frequency, phase, and amplitude. Fractional-N synthesis is a technique that uses a PLL to generate a frequency that is a fraction of the reference frequency. Frequency mixing is a technique that combines two signals with different frequencies to generate a signal with a frequency equal to the difference between the two frequencies.

PLLs and frequency synthesis circuits are critical components in many electronic systems that require precise and stable frequencies. These circuits are used in communication systems, signal processing, instrumentation, and other applications where accurate frequency generation and control is required.