3 Temperature Sensors 260

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Part RoHS Manufacturer Sensors or Transducers Type Mounting Feature No. of Terminals Output Type Package Shape or Style Package Body Material Maximum Supply Voltage Technology Screening Level No. of Bits Maximum Accuracy (Cel) Body Length/Diameter Body Width Power Supplies (V) Resistance Package Equivalence Code Sub-Category Body Height Minimum Supply Voltage Maximum Operating Temperature Minimum Responsivity Minimum Output Voltage Resistance Tolerance Minimum Operating Temperature Temperature Coef (ppm/Cel) Terminal Finish Maximum Output Voltage Termination Type Output Interface Type Nominal R0 Maximum Operating Current Linearity (Cel) Nominal Output Current Additional Features Housing JESD-609 Code

LM60CIM3/NOPB

Texas Instruments

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,VOLTAGE OUTPUT

SURFACE MOUNT

3

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

10 V

BIPOLAR

4

2.92 mm

1.3 inch

3

TO-236

Other Sensors/Transducers

.92 mm

2.7 V

125 Cel

.174 V

-40 Cel

POSITIVE

Matte Tin (Sn)

1.205 V

SOLDER

800 ohm

118 mA

0.80

PLASTIC

e3

LM50CIM3

Texas Instruments

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,VOLTAGE OUTPUT

SURFACE MOUNT

3

RECTANGULAR

10 V

AEC-Q100

4

2.92 mm

1.3 inch

4.5/10

TO-236

Other Sensors/Transducers

1.005 mm

4.5 V

150 Cel

.1 V

-40 Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

1.75 V

SOLDER

2000 ohm

.13 mA

0.80

PLASTIC

e0

LM60BIM3/NOPB

Texas Instruments

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,VOLTAGE OUTPUT

SURFACE MOUNT

3

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

10 V

BIPOLAR

3

2.92 mm

1.3 inch

3

TO-236

Other Sensors/Transducers

.92 mm

2.7 V

125 Cel

.174 V

-25 Cel

POSITIVE

Matte Tin (Sn)

1.205 V

SOLDER

800 ohm

118 mA

0.60

PLASTIC

e3

DS18S20-PAR

Maxim Integrated

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,SWITCH/DIGITAL OUTPUT,SERIAL

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

3

ROUND

PLASTIC/EPOXY

5.5 V

9

0.50

3.3/5

SIP3,.1,50

Other Sensors

3 V

100 Cel

-55 Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

SOLDER

1-WIRE INTERFACE

1 mA

PLASTIC

e0

DS18S20+PAR

Analog Devices

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,SWITCH/DIGITAL OUTPUT,SERIAL

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

3

ROUND

PLASTIC/EPOXY

5.5 V

9

0.50

4.7 mm

3.62 inch

3.3/5

SIP3,.1,50

Other Sensors

4.635 mm

3 V

85 Cel

-40 Cel

Matte Tin (Sn) - annealed

SOLDER

1-WIRE INTERFACE

1 mA

PLASTIC

e3

DS18S20-SL/T&R

Maxim Integrated

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,SWITCH/DIGITAL OUTPUT,SERIAL

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

3

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

5.5 V

9

0.50

4.7 mm

3.62 inch

3.3/5

SIP3,.1,50

Other Sensors

4.635 mm

3 V

125 Cel

-55 Cel

SOLDER

1-WIRE INTERFACE

1.5 mA

DS18S20-SL+T&R

Analog Devices

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,SWITCH/DIGITAL OUTPUT,SERIAL

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

3

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

5.5 V

9

0.50

4.7 mm

3.62 inch

3.3/5

SIP3,.1,50

Other Sensors

4.635 mm

3 V

125 Cel

-55 Cel

Matte Tin (Sn) - annealed

SOLDER

1-WIRE INTERFACE

1.5 mA

e3

TC1047AVNBTR-VAO

Microchip Technology

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,VOLTAGE OUTPUT

SURFACE MOUNT

3

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

5.5 V

TS 16949

3

2.92 mm

1.3 inch

TO-236

1.01 mm

2.5 V

125 Cel

.73 V

-40 Cel

Matte Tin (Sn)

.77 V

SOLDER

.06 mA

PLASTIC

e3

LM35H

Texas Instruments

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,VOLTAGE OUTPUT

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

3

ROUND

METAL

30 V

1

5.43 mm

4/30

CAN3/4,.1

Other Sensors/Transducers

2.34 mm

4 V

150 Cel

-55 Cel

POSITIVE

SOLDER

2-WIRE INTERFACE

.4 ohm

.114 mA

0.30

METAL

TC1047AVNBTR-13KVAO

Microchip Technology

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,VOLTAGE OUTPUT

SURFACE MOUNT

3

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

5.5 V

TS 16949

3

2.92 mm

1.3 inch

TO-236

1.01 mm

2.5 V

125 Cel

.73 V

-40 Cel

Matte Tin (Sn)

.77 V

SOLDER

.06 mA

PLASTIC

e3

LM50BIM3/NOPB

Texas Instruments

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,VOLTAGE OUTPUT

SURFACE MOUNT

3

RECTANGULAR

10 V

AEC-Q100

4

2.92 mm

1.3 inch

4.5/10

TO-236

Other Sensors/Transducers

1.005 mm

4.5 V

150 Cel

.1 V

-40 Cel

Matte Tin (Sn)

1.75 V

SOLDER

2000 ohm

.13 mA

0.80

PLASTIC

e3

LM35CZ/LFT1

Texas Instruments

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,VOLTAGE OUTPUT

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

3

ROUND

PLASTIC/EPOXY

30 V

BIPOLAR

1

4/30

SIP3,.1,50

Other Sensors/Transducers

4 V

110 Cel

-40 Cel

POSITIVE

MATTE TIN

SOLDER

2-WIRE INTERFACE

.4 ohm

.114 mA

PLASTIC

e3

LM335Z/LFT7

Texas Instruments

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,VOLTAGE OUTPUT

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

3

CYLINDRICAL

PLASTIC/EPOXY

3.04 V

BIPOLAR

6

4.765 mm

SIP3,.1,50

Other Sensors/Transducers

4.83 mm

5 V

100 Cel

2.92 V

-40 Cel

MATTE TIN

3.04 V

SOLDER

.6 ohm

.4 mA

PLASTIC

e3

LM34DZ/NOPB

Texas Instruments

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,VOLTAGE OUTPUT

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

3

ROUND

PLASTIC/EPOXY

30 V

BIPOLAR

0.556

4.95 mm

3.92 inch

SIP3,.1,50

Other Sensors

5.05 mm

5 V

150 Cel

-.5 V

-45 Cel

POSITIVE

MATTE TIN

3 V

SOLDER

2-WIRE INTERFACE

.4 ohm

.16 mA

PLASTIC

e3

LM335Z/NOPB

Texas Instruments

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,VOLTAGE OUTPUT

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

3

CYLINDRICAL

PLASTIC/EPOXY

3.04 V

BIPOLAR

6

4.765 mm

3.92 inch

SIP3,.1,50

Other Sensors/Transducers

4.83 mm

5 V

100 Cel

2.92 V

-40 Cel

MATTE TIN

3.04 V

SOLDER

.6 ohm

.4 mA

PLASTIC

e3

LM335AZ/LFT1

Texas Instruments

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,VOLTAGE OUTPUT

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

3

CYLINDRICAL

PLASTIC/EPOXY

BIPOLAR

1

4.765 mm

SIP3,.1,50

Other Sensors/Transducers

4.83 mm

100 Cel

2.95 V

-40 Cel

Matte Tin (Sn)

3.01 V

SOLDER

5 mA

PLASTIC

e3

MCP9701AT-E/TTVAO

Microchip Technology

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,VOLTAGE OUTPUT

SURFACE MOUNT

3

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

5.5 V

AEC-Q100; TS 16949

8

4

2.9 mm

1.3 inch

TO-236

1.005 mm

3.1 V

125 Cel

-40 Cel

Matte Tin (Sn)

SOLDER

.015 mA

PLASTIC

e3

LM35CZ/LFT4

Texas Instruments

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,VOLTAGE OUTPUT

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

3

ROUND

PLASTIC/EPOXY

30 V

BIPOLAR

1

4/30

SIP3,.1,50

Other Sensors/Transducers

4 V

110 Cel

-40 Cel

POSITIVE

SOLDER

PLASTIC

MCP9700-E/TO

Microchip Technology

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,RESISTANCE BASED

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

3

ROUND

PLASTIC/EPOXY

5.5 V

TS 16949

12

6

4.826 mm

2.5/5

SIP3,.1,50

Other Sensors/Transducers

4.826 mm

2.3 V

125 Cel

-40 Cel

Matte Tin (Sn)

SOLDER

.015 mA

PLASTIC

e3

LM235Z

STMicroelectronics

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,VOLTAGE OUTPUT

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

3

ROUND

PLASTIC/EPOXY

BIPOLAR

1

5 mm

4 inch

SIP3,.1,50

Other Sensors/Transducers

5 mm

125 Cel

2.95 V

-40 Cel

Matte Tin (Sn)

3.01 V

SOLDER

5 mA

1

PLASTIC

e3

LM60BIM3X/NOPB

Texas Instruments

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,VOLTAGE OUTPUT

SURFACE MOUNT

3

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

10 V

BIPOLAR

3

2.92 mm

1.3 inch

3

TO-236

Other Sensors/Transducers

.92 mm

2.7 V

125 Cel

.174 V

-25 Cel

POSITIVE

Matte Tin (Sn)

1.205 V

SOLDER

800 ohm

118 mA

0.60

PLASTIC

e3

TMP36GT9Z

Analog Devices

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,VOLTAGE OUTPUT

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

3

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

5.5 V

4

4.83 mm

3.68 inch

3/5

SIP3,.1,50

Other Sensors/Transducers

4.83 mm

2.7 V

125 Cel

.1 V

-55 Cel

MATTE TIN

2 V

SOLDER

.05 mA

0.5

PLASTIC

e3

LM35DH/NOPB

Texas Instruments

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,VOLTAGE OUTPUT

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

3

ROUND

METAL

30 V

BIPOLAR

1

5.43 mm

4/30

CAN3/4,.1

Other Sensors/Transducers

2.34 mm

4 V

70 Cel

0 Cel

POSITIVE

SOLDER

2-WIRE INTERFACE

.4 ohm

.114 mA

0.20

METAL

KTY82-210

Philips Semiconductors

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,RESISTANCE BASED

SURFACE MOUNT

3

RECTANGULAR

2.9 mm

1.3 inch

TO-236

Other Sensors

1 mm

150 Cel

-55 Cel

POSITIVE

Matte Tin (Sn)

SOLDER

1630 ohm

10 mA

SEATED HEIGTH-MAX

PLASTIC

e3

KTY82/210

NXP Semiconductors

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,RESISTANCE BASED

SURFACE MOUNT

3

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

2.9 mm

1.3 inch

TO-236

Other Sensors/Transducers

150 Cel

-55 Cel

POSITIVE

Tin (Sn)

SOLDER

1630 ohm

10 mA

PLASTIC

e3

TC1047VNBTR

Microchip Technology

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,VOLTAGE OUTPUT

SURFACE MOUNT

3

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

4.4 V

TS 16949

3

2.92 mm

1.3 inch

2.7/4.4

TO-236

Other Sensors

1.01 mm

2.7 V

125 Cel

.73 V

-40 Cel

MATTE TIN

.77 V

SOLDER

.06 mA

PLASTIC

e3

AD590KH/883B

Analog Devices

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,RESISTANCE BASED

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

3

ROUND

METAL

30 V

38535Q/M;38534H;883B

5.57 mm

5

CAN3/4,.1

Other Sensors/Transducers

3.36 mm

4 V

125 Cel

-55 Cel

POSITIVE

TIN LEAD

SOLDER

0.80

298.2 uA

TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT 1 UAMP/K

METAL

e0

LM35AH

Texas Instruments

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,VOLTAGE OUTPUT

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

3

ROUND

METAL

30 V

1

5.43 mm

4/30

CAN3/4,.1

Other Sensors/Transducers

2.34 mm

4 V

150 Cel

-55 Cel

POSITIVE

SOLDER

2-WIRE INTERFACE

.4 ohm

.114 mA

0.18

METAL

AD590KH

Analog Devices

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,RESISTANCE BASED

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

3

ROUND

METAL

30 V

5.57 mm

5

CAN3/4,.1

Other Sensors/Transducers

3.36 mm

4 V

150 Cel

-55 Cel

POSITIVE

GOLD

SOLDER

0.8

298.2 uA

TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT 1 UA/K

METAL

e4

LM50BIM3X

Texas Instruments

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,VOLTAGE OUTPUT

SURFACE MOUNT

3

SMALL OUTLINE

10 V

AEC-Q100

3

2.92 mm

1.3 inch

5

TO-236

Other Sensors/Transducers

.95 mm

4.5 V

150 Cel

.1 V

-40 Cel

TIN LEAD

1.75 V

SOLDER

2000 ohm

PLASTIC

e0

LM35H/NOPB

Texas Instruments

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,VOLTAGE OUTPUT

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

3

ROUND

METAL

30 V

1

5.43 mm

4/30

CAN3/4,.1

Other Sensors/Transducers

2.34 mm

4 V

150 Cel

-55 Cel

POSITIVE

SOLDER

2-WIRE INTERFACE

.4 ohm

.114 mA

0.30

METAL

MCP9701A-E/TO

Microchip Technology

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,RESISTANCE BASED

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

3

ROUND

PLASTIC/EPOXY

5.5 V

TS 16949

8

4

4.826 mm

3.3/5

SIP3,.1,50

Other Sensors/Transducers

4.826 mm

3.1 V

125 Cel

-40 Cel

MATTE TIN

SOLDER

.015 mA

PLASTIC

e3

KTY82/110,215

NXP Semiconductors

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,RESISTANCE BASED

SURFACE MOUNT

3

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

2.9 mm

1.3 inch

TO-236

1 mm

150 Cel

-55 Cel

POSITIVE

TIN

SOLDER

PLASTIC

e3

LM19CIZ/NOPB

Texas Instruments

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,VOLTAGE OUTPUT

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

3

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

5.5 V

CMOS

2.5

4.95 mm

3.87 inch

2.5/5

SIP3,.1,50

Other Sensors/Transducers

5.05 mm

2.4 V

130 Cel

-55 Cel

NEGATIVE

MATTE TIN

1.86 V

SOLDER

160 ohm

.007 mA

0.40

PLASTIC

e3

LM61CIM3X/NOPB

Texas Instruments

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,VOLTAGE OUTPUT

SURFACE MOUNT

3

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

10 V

BIPOLAR

4

2.92 mm

1.3 inch

3

TO-236

Other Sensors/Transducers

.93 mm

2.7 V

100 Cel

.3 V

-30 Cel

POSITIVE

Matte Tin (Sn)

1.6 V

SOLDER

800 ohm

.125 mA

0.80

PLASTIC

e3

AD590JH/883B

Analog Devices

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,RESISTANCE BASED

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

3

ROUND

METAL

30 V

38535Q/M;38534H;883B

5.57 mm

5

CAN3/4,.1

Other Sensors/Transducers

3.36 mm

4 V

125 Cel

-55 Cel

POSITIVE

TIN LEAD

SOLDER

1.50

298.2 uA

TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT 1 UAMP/K

METAL

e0

AD592ANZ

Analog Devices

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,RESISTANCE BASED

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

3

ROUND

PLASTIC/EPOXY

30 V

0.15

5.08 mm

4.06 inch

5

SIP3,.1,50

Other Sensors

4.85 mm

4 V

105 Cel

-25 Cel

MATTE TIN

SOLDER

0.35

298.2 uA

PLASTIC

e3

LM50BIM3

Texas Instruments

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,VOLTAGE OUTPUT

SURFACE MOUNT

3

RECTANGULAR

10 V

AEC-Q100

4

2.92 mm

1.3 inch

4.5/10

TO-236

Other Sensors/Transducers

1.005 mm

4.5 V

150 Cel

.1 V

-40 Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

1.75 V

SOLDER

2000 ohm

.13 mA

0.80

PLASTIC

e0

LM45CIM3/NOPB

Texas Instruments

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,VOLTAGE OUTPUT

SURFACE MOUNT

3

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

10 V

BIPOLAR

4

2.92 mm

1.3 inch

4/10

TO-236

Other Sensors/Transducers

.92 mm

4 V

100 Cel

-.2 V

-20 Cel

POSITIVE

Matte Tin (Sn)

1 V

SOLDER

35 ohm

.12 mA

0.80

PLASTIC

e3

LM60CIM3

Texas Instruments

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,VOLTAGE OUTPUT

SURFACE MOUNT

3

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

10 V

BIPOLAR

4

2.92 mm

1.3 inch

3

TO-236

Other Sensors/Transducers

1.015 mm

2.7 V

125 Cel

.174 V

-40 Cel

POSITIVE

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

1.205 V

SOLDER

800 ohm

.11 mA

e0

LM61CIM3/NOPB

Texas Instruments

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,VOLTAGE OUTPUT

SURFACE MOUNT

3

RECTANGULAR

PLASTIC/EPOXY

10 V

BIPOLAR

4

2.92 mm

1.3 inch

3

TO-236

Other Sensors/Transducers

.93 mm

2.7 V

100 Cel

.3 V

-30 Cel

POSITIVE

Matte Tin (Sn)

1.6 V

SOLDER

800 ohm

.125 mA

0.80

PLASTIC

e3

LM335H

Texas Instruments

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,VOLTAGE OUTPUT

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

3

ROUND

METAL

3.04 V

BIPOLAR

6

4.75 mm

CAN3/4,.1

Other Sensors/Transducers

2.35 mm

5 V

100 Cel

2.92 V

-40 Cel

3.04 V

SOLDER

.6 ohm

.4 mA

ALSO AVAILABLE IN PLASTIC TO-92 PACKAGE

METAL

MAX31820MCR+

Analog Devices

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,SWITCH/DIGITAL OUTPUT,SERIAL

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

3

OVAL

PLASTIC/EPOXY

3.7 V

12

2

4.7 mm

3.62 inch

3.3

SIP3,.1,50

Other Sensors/Transducers

4.635 mm

3 V

125 Cel

-55 Cel

Matte Tin (Sn) - annealed

SOLDER

1-WIRE INTERFACE

1.5 mA

e3

LM50QIM3X/NOPB

Texas Instruments

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,VOLTAGE OUTPUT

SURFACE MOUNT

3

RECTANGULAR

10 V

AEC-Q100

4

2.92 mm

1.3 inch

5

TO-236

Other Sensors/Transducers

1.005 mm

4.5 V

150 Cel

.1 V

-40 Cel

Matte Tin (Sn)

1.75 V

SOLDER

2000 ohm

.13 mA

PLASTIC

e3

DS1821C+

Maxim Integrated

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,SWITCH/DIGITAL OUTPUT,SERIAL

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

3

ROUND

PLASTIC/EPOXY

5.5 V

8

1

3.62 mm

3/5

SIP3,.1,50

Other Sensors

4.635 mm

2.7 V

125 Cel

-55 Cel

Matte Tin (Sn)

SOLDER

1-WIRE INTERFACE

1 mA

e3

DS1821C

Maxim Integrated

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,SWITCH/DIGITAL OUTPUT,SERIAL

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

3

ROUND

PLASTIC/EPOXY

5.5 V

8

1

4.7 mm

3/5

SIP3,.1,50

Other Sensors

4.63 mm

2.7 V

125 Cel

-55 Cel

SOLDER

1-WIRE INTERFACE

1 mA

LM135AH/NOPB

Texas Instruments

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,VOLTAGE OUTPUT

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

3

ROUND

METAL

2.99 V

BIPOLAR

1

4.75 mm

CAN3/4,.1

Other Sensors/Transducers

2.35 mm

5 V

150 Cel

2.97 V

-55 Cel

2.99 V

SOLDER

.5 ohm

.4 mA

0.50

METAL

MCP9701-E/TO

Microchip Technology

TEMPERATURE SENSOR,ANALOG,RESISTANCE BASED

THROUGH HOLE MOUNT

3

ROUND

PLASTIC/EPOXY

5.5 V

TS 16949

8

6

4.826 mm

3.3/5

SIP3,.1,50

Other Sensors/Transducers

4.826 mm

3.1 V

125 Cel

-40 Cel

Matte Tin (Sn)

SOLDER

.015 mA

PLASTIC

e3

Temperature Sensors

Temperature sensors are electronic devices that are used to measure the temperature of a system or environment. They are widely used in a variety of applications, including industrial, automotive, medical, and consumer electronics.

Temperature sensors work based on the principle of converting temperature into an electrical signal. This can be achieved using different sensing technologies, including thermocouples, resistance temperature detectors (RTDs), thermistors, and infrared sensors.

Thermocouples generate a voltage signal in response to temperature changes, while RTDs and thermistors change their resistance as the temperature changes. Infrared sensors measure the thermal radiation emitted by objects and use it to calculate the temperature.

Temperature sensors are used in a wide range of applications, including monitoring temperature in industrial processes, automotive engines, and medical devices. They are also used for temperature control in HVAC systems, refrigeration systems, and cooking appliances.