Part | RoHS | Manufacturer | Polarity or Channel Type | Configuration | Surface Mount | Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs) | Maximum Collector Current (IC) | Package Body Material | Transistor Application | Maximum Rise Time (tr) | Maximum VCEsat | Minimum DS Breakdown Voltage | Terminal Form | Package Shape | Operating Mode | No. of Elements | Highest Frequency Band | Maximum Pulsed Drain Current (IDM) | Avalanche Energy Rating (EAS) | Maximum Fall Time (tf) | Maximum Drain Current (Abs) (ID) | Nominal Turn Off Time (toff) | No. of Terminals | Package Style (Meter) | Sub-Category | Field Effect Transistor Technology | Maximum Power Dissipation Ambient | Minimum DC Current Gain (hFE) | Maximum Operating Temperature | Transistor Element Material | Maximum Turn On Time (ton) | Minimum Operating Temperature | Maximum Turn Off Time (toff) | Maximum Gate-Emitter Threshold Voltage | Terminal Finish | Maximum Drain-Source On Resistance | Maximum Drain Current (ID) | Terminal Position | JESD-30 Code | Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) | Case Connection | Qualification | Additional Features | JEDEC-95 Code | JESD-609 Code | Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s) | Peak Reflow Temperature (C) | Nominal Turn On Time (ton) | Maximum Feedback Capacitance (Crss) | Reference Standard |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Infineon Technologies |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE |
YES |
31 W |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
SWITCHING |
100 V |
GULL WING |
RECTANGULAR |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
52 A |
17 mJ |
13 A |
2 |
SMALL OUTLINE |
FET General Purpose Power |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
175 Cel |
SILICON |
MATTE TIN |
.079 ohm |
13 A |
SINGLE |
R-PSSO-G2 |
1 |
DRAIN |
Not Qualified |
TO-263AB |
e3 |
245 |
||||||||||||||||||
|
Infineon Technologies |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE |
NO |
31 W |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
SWITCHING |
100 V |
THROUGH-HOLE |
RECTANGULAR |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
52 A |
17 mJ |
13 A |
3 |
IN-LINE |
FET General Purpose Power |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
175 Cel |
SILICON |
MATTE TIN |
.078 ohm |
13 A |
SINGLE |
R-PSIP-T3 |
1 |
Not Qualified |
TO-251AA |
e3 |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
Infineon Technologies |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE |
NO |
31 W |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
SWITCHING |
30 V |
THROUGH-HOLE |
RECTANGULAR |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
210 A |
20 mJ |
30 A |
3 |
IN-LINE |
FET General Purpose Power |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
175 Cel |
SILICON |
MATTE TIN |
.0135 ohm |
30 A |
SINGLE |
R-PSIP-T3 |
1 |
Not Qualified |
AVALANCHE RATED, LOGIC LEVEL COMPATIBLE |
TO-251AA |
e3 |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Infineon Technologies |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE |
YES |
31 W |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
SWITCHING |
30 V |
GULL WING |
RECTANGULAR |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
210 A |
20 mJ |
30 A |
3 |
SMALL OUTLINE |
FET General Purpose Power |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
175 Cel |
SILICON |
MATTE TIN |
.0135 ohm |
30 A |
SINGLE |
R-PSSO-G3 |
Not Qualified |
AVALANCHE RATED, LOGIC LEVEL COMPATIBLE |
TO-252 |
e3 |
||||||||||||||||||||
Infineon Technologies |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE |
NO |
31 W |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
600 V |
THROUGH-HOLE |
RECTANGULAR |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
9 A |
130 mJ |
3.3 A |
3 |
FLANGE MOUNT |
FET General Purpose Power |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
150 Cel |
SILICON |
TIN LEAD |
.95 ohm |
4.5 A |
SINGLE |
R-PSFM-T3 |
ISOLATED |
Not Qualified |
AVALANCHE RATED |
TO-220AB |
e0 |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Infineon Technologies |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE |
NO |
31 W |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
SWITCHING |
600 V |
THROUGH-HOLE |
RECTANGULAR |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
13.5 A |
130 mJ |
3.3 A |
3 |
FLANGE MOUNT |
FET General Purpose Power |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
150 Cel |
SILICON |
.95 ohm |
4.5 A |
SINGLE |
R-PSFM-T3 |
ISOLATED |
Not Qualified |
AVALANCHE RATED |
TO-220AB |
NOT SPECIFIED |
NOT SPECIFIED |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Infineon Technologies |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE |
NO |
31 W |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
SWITCHING |
500 V |
THROUGH-HOLE |
RECTANGULAR |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
13.5 A |
130 mJ |
4.5 A |
3 |
FLANGE MOUNT |
FET General Purpose Power |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
150 Cel |
SILICON |
.95 ohm |
4.5 A |
SINGLE |
R-PSFM-T3 |
ISOLATED |
Not Qualified |
AVALANCHE RATED |
TO-220AB |
NOT SPECIFIED |
NOT SPECIFIED |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Infineon Technologies |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE |
NO |
31 W |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
SWITCHING |
500 V |
THROUGH-HOLE |
RECTANGULAR |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
20 A |
215 mJ |
9 A |
3 |
FLANGE MOUNT |
FET General Purpose Power |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
150 Cel |
SILICON |
.399 ohm |
9 A |
SINGLE |
R-PSFM-T3 |
ISOLATED |
Not Qualified |
TO-220AB |
NOT SPECIFIED |
NOT SPECIFIED |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
Infineon Technologies |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE |
NO |
31 W |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
SWITCHING |
650 V |
THROUGH-HOLE |
RECTANGULAR |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
29 A |
215 mJ |
10.6 A |
3 |
FLANGE MOUNT |
FET General Purpose Power |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
150 Cel |
SILICON |
TIN |
.38 ohm |
10.6 A |
SINGLE |
R-PSFM-T3 |
ISOLATED |
Not Qualified |
TO-220AB |
e3 |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
Infineon Technologies |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE |
NO |
31 W |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
SWITCHING |
600 V |
THROUGH-HOLE |
RECTANGULAR |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
29 A |
210 mJ |
3 |
FLANGE MOUNT |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
150 Cel |
SILICON |
-55 Cel |
TIN |
.38 ohm |
10.6 A |
SINGLE |
R-PSFM-T3 |
ISOLATED |
TO-220AB |
e3 |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Infineon Technologies |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE |
YES |
31 W |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
SWITCHING |
30 V |
FLAT |
RECTANGULAR |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
192 A |
10 mJ |
47 A |
8 |
SMALL OUTLINE |
FET General Purpose Power |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
150 Cel |
SILICON |
TIN |
.0133 ohm |
13 A |
DUAL |
R-PDSO-F8 |
1 |
DRAIN |
Not Qualified |
AVALANCHE RATED, LOGIC LEVEL COMPATIBLE |
e3 |
260 |
||||||||||||||||||
|
Infineon Technologies |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE |
NO |
31 W |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
SWITCHING |
55 V |
THROUGH-HOLE |
RECTANGULAR |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
110 A |
110 mJ |
20 A |
3 |
FLANGE MOUNT |
FET General Purpose Power |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
175 Cel |
SILICON |
.046 ohm |
22 A |
SINGLE |
R-PSFM-T3 |
ISOLATED |
Not Qualified |
LOGIC LEVEL COMPATIBLE, AVALANCHE RATED |
TO-220AB |
NOT SPECIFIED |
NOT SPECIFIED |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Infineon Technologies |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE |
YES |
31 W |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
SWITCHING |
30 V |
GULL WING |
RECTANGULAR |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
210 A |
20 mJ |
30 A |
2 |
SMALL OUTLINE |
FET General Purpose Power |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
175 Cel |
SILICON |
TIN |
.0135 ohm |
30 A |
SINGLE |
R-PSSO-G2 |
1 |
DRAIN |
Not Qualified |
AVALANCHE RATED, LOGIC LEVEL COMPATIBLE |
TO-252AA |
e3 |
260 |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Infineon Technologies |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE |
YES |
31 W |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
SWITCHING |
40 V |
GULL WING |
RECTANGULAR |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
210 A |
5 mJ |
30 A |
2 |
SMALL OUTLINE |
FET General Purpose Power |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
175 Cel |
SILICON |
MATTE TIN |
.016 ohm |
30 A |
SINGLE |
R-PSSO-G2 |
1 |
DRAIN |
Not Qualified |
LOGIC LEVEL COMPATIBLE |
TO-252AA |
e3 |
260 |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Infineon Technologies |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE |
NO |
31 W |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
SWITCHING |
600 V |
THROUGH-HOLE |
RECTANGULAR |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
30 A |
210 mJ |
10.6 A |
3 |
FLANGE MOUNT |
FET General Purpose Power |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
150 Cel |
SILICON |
TIN |
.38 ohm |
10.6 A |
SINGLE |
R-PSFM-T3 |
ISOLATED |
Not Qualified |
TO-220AB |
e3 |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
Infineon Technologies |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE |
YES |
31 W |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
SWITCHING |
100 V |
GULL WING |
RECTANGULAR |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
52 A |
17 mJ |
13 A |
2 |
SMALL OUTLINE |
FET General Purpose Power |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
175 Cel |
SILICON |
TIN |
.078 ohm |
13 A |
SINGLE |
R-PSSO-G2 |
1 |
DRAIN |
Not Qualified |
TO-252 |
e3 |
260 |
||||||||||||||||||
|
Infineon Technologies |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE |
NO |
31 W |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
SWITCHING |
900 V |
THROUGH-HOLE |
RECTANGULAR |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
10 A |
68 mJ |
5.1 A |
3 |
FLANGE MOUNT |
FET General Purpose Power |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
150 Cel |
SILICON |
TIN |
1.2 ohm |
3.1 A |
SINGLE |
R-PSFM-T3 |
Not Qualified |
TO-220AB |
e3 |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Infineon Technologies |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE |
NO |
31 W |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
SWITCHING |
650 V |
THROUGH-HOLE |
RECTANGULAR |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
29 A |
215 mJ |
10.6 A |
3 |
FLANGE MOUNT |
FET General Purpose Power |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
150 Cel |
SILICON |
TIN |
.38 ohm |
10.6 A |
SINGLE |
R-PSFM-T3 |
ISOLATED |
Not Qualified |
TO-220AB |
e3 |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
Infineon Technologies |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE |
YES |
31 W |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
SWITCHING |
30 V |
GULL WING |
RECTANGULAR |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
140 A |
20 mJ |
20 A |
2 |
SMALL OUTLINE |
FET General Purpose Power |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
175 Cel |
SILICON |
.0217 ohm |
20 A |
SINGLE |
R-PSSO-G2 |
1 |
DRAIN |
Not Qualified |
AVALANCHE RATED, LOGIC LEVEL COMPATIBLE |
TO-263AB |
245 |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Infineon Technologies |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE |
NO |
31 W |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
SWITCHING |
600 V |
THROUGH-HOLE |
RECTANGULAR |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
30 A |
210 mJ |
10.6 A |
3 |
FLANGE MOUNT |
FET General Purpose Power |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
150 Cel |
SILICON |
TIN |
.38 ohm |
10.6 A |
SINGLE |
R-PSFM-T3 |
ISOLATED |
Not Qualified |
TO-220AB |
e3 |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
Infineon Technologies |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE |
NO |
31 W |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
SWITCHING |
600 V |
THROUGH-HOLE |
RECTANGULAR |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
30 A |
210 mJ |
10.6 A |
3 |
FLANGE MOUNT |
FET General Purpose Power |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
150 Cel |
SILICON |
TIN |
.38 ohm |
10.6 A |
SINGLE |
R-PSFM-T3 |
ISOLATED |
Not Qualified |
HIGH VOLTAGE |
TO-220AB |
e3 |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Infineon Technologies |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE |
YES |
31 W |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
30 V |
GULL WING |
RECTANGULAR |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
88 A |
20 mJ |
22 A |
2 |
SMALL OUTLINE |
FET General Purpose Power |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
175 Cel |
SILICON |
.0146 ohm |
22 A |
SINGLE |
R-PSSO-G2 |
1 |
DRAIN |
Not Qualified |
ULTRA LOW RESISTANCE |
TO-263AB |
245 |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
Infineon Technologies |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE |
NO |
31 W |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
SWITCHING |
650 V |
THROUGH-HOLE |
RECTANGULAR |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
27 A |
227 mJ |
9 A |
3 |
FLANGE MOUNT |
FET General Purpose Power |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
150 Cel |
SILICON |
TIN |
.385 ohm |
9 A |
SINGLE |
R-PSFM-T3 |
ISOLATED |
Not Qualified |
TO-220AB |
e3 |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
Infineon Technologies |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE |
NO |
31 W |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
SWITCHING |
100 V |
THROUGH-HOLE |
RECTANGULAR |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
52 A |
17 mJ |
13 A |
3 |
FLANGE MOUNT |
FET General Purpose Power |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
175 Cel |
SILICON |
MATTE TIN |
.08 ohm |
13 A |
SINGLE |
R-PSFM-T3 |
1 |
Not Qualified |
TO-220AB |
e3 |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
Infineon Technologies |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE |
NO |
31 W |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
SWITCHING |
30 V |
THROUGH-HOLE |
RECTANGULAR |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
140 A |
20 mJ |
20 A |
3 |
FLANGE MOUNT |
FET General Purpose Power |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
175 Cel |
SILICON |
MATTE TIN |
.0217 ohm |
20 A |
SINGLE |
R-PSFM-T3 |
1 |
Not Qualified |
AVALANCHE RATED, LOGIC LEVEL COMPATIBLE |
TO-220AB |
e3 |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Infineon Technologies |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE |
YES |
31 W |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
SWITCHING |
100 V |
GULL WING |
RECTANGULAR |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
52 A |
17 mJ |
13 A |
2 |
SMALL OUTLINE |
FET General Purpose Power |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
175 Cel |
SILICON |
MATTE TIN |
.08 ohm |
13 A |
SINGLE |
R-PSSO-G2 |
1 |
DRAIN |
Not Qualified |
TO-263AB |
e3 |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Infineon Technologies |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE |
YES |
31 W |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
30 V |
GULL WING |
RECTANGULAR |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
120 A |
16 mJ |
30 A |
2 |
SMALL OUTLINE |
FET General Purpose Power |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
175 Cel |
SILICON |
TIN |
.0136 ohm |
30 A |
SINGLE |
R-PSSO-G2 |
1 |
DRAIN |
Not Qualified |
TO-252 |
e3 |
260 |
|||||||||||||||||||
Infineon Technologies |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE |
NO |
31 W |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
25 A |
FET General Purpose Power |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
175 Cel |
Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb) |
25 A |
e0 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Infineon Technologies |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE |
NO |
31 W |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
30 V |
THROUGH-HOLE |
RECTANGULAR |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
88 A |
20 mJ |
22 A |
3 |
FLANGE MOUNT |
FET General Purpose Power |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
175 Cel |
SILICON |
.0149 ohm |
22 A |
SINGLE |
R-PSFM-T3 |
Not Qualified |
ULTRA LOW RESISTANCE |
TO-220AB |
NOT SPECIFIED |
NOT SPECIFIED |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Infineon Technologies |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE |
YES |
31 W |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
SWITCHING |
40 V |
GULL WING |
RECTANGULAR |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
210 A |
5 mJ |
30 A |
2 |
SMALL OUTLINE |
FET General Purpose Power |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
175 Cel |
SILICON |
MATTE TIN |
.017 ohm |
30 A |
SINGLE |
R-PSSO-G2 |
1 |
DRAIN |
Not Qualified |
TO-252AA |
e3 |
260 |
||||||||||||||||||
|
Diodes Incorporated |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE |
NO |
31 W |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
SWITCHING |
650 V |
THROUGH-HOLE |
RECTANGULAR |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
18 A |
67.5 mJ |
10 A |
3 |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
150 Cel |
SILICON |
-55 Cel |
MATTE TIN |
.6 ohm |
10 A |
SINGLE |
R-PSFM-T3 |
ISOLATED |
TO-220AB |
e3 |
260 |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Samsung |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE |
YES |
31 W |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
10 A |
FET General Purpose Power |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
175 Cel |
10 A |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Samsung |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE |
NO |
31 W |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
10 A |
FET General Purpose Power |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
175 Cel |
10 A |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Samsung |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE |
NO |
31 W |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
10 A |
FET General Purpose Power |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
175 Cel |
10 A |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Samsung |
N-CHANNEL |
SINGLE |
NO |
31 W |
ENHANCEMENT MODE |
1 |
14 A |
FET General Purpose Power |
METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR |
175 Cel |
14 A |
Power Field Effect Transistors (FET) are electronic devices used in power electronics to control and switch high current and voltage levels. They are commonly used in applications such as motor drives, power supplies, and switching regulators.
The Power FET is a three-terminal device that works by controlling the flow of majority charge carriers (electrons or holes) between the source and drain regions through a gate electrode. The gate electrode is insulated from the channel region by a thin oxide layer, which can be controlled by applying a voltage to the gate terminal. When a voltage is applied to the gate electrode, it creates an electric field that modifies the conductivity of the channel, allowing current to flow between the source and drain.
Power FETs are designed to handle high current and voltage levels, and have a low on-resistance and high switching speed. They are typically used in applications that require efficient and precise control of power, such as motor drives and power supplies.
Power FETs are available in various types and configurations, including N-channel and P-channel FETs, and can handle power levels ranging from a few watts to several kilowatts. They are subject to various standards and regulations, such as UL (Underwriters Laboratories) and CE (Conformité Européenne), to ensure their safety and performance.