COMMERCIAL Latches & Flip-Flops 2,400+

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Part	Manufacturer	Logic IC Type	Temperature Grade	Terminal Form	No. of Terminals	Package Code	Package Shape	Package Body Material	Schmitt Trigger	Surface Mount	No. of Functions	Maximum Frequency At Nominal Supply	Technology	No. of Bits	Packing Method	Nominal Supply Voltage / Vsup (V)	Power Supplies (V)	Load Capacitance (CL)	Package Style (Meter)	Package Equivalence Code	Propagation Delay (tpd)	Maximum I (ol)	Sub-Category	Terminal Pitch	Maximum Operating Temperature	Output Characteristics	Trigger Type	Terminal Finish	Terminal Position	Minimum fmax	JESD-30 Code	Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL)	Maximum Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Maximum Seated Height	Width	Qualification	Output Polarity	Minimum Supply Voltage (Vsup)	Maximum Power Supply Current (ICC)	Additional Features	JESD-609 Code	Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s)	Peak Reflow Temperature (C)	Length	Family
SN74ALS273NSR	Texas Instruments	D FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	GULL WING	20	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		YES	1	35000000 Hz	TTL	8	TR	5	5	50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP20,.3	15 ns	24 Amp	FF/Latches	1.27 mm	70 Cel		POSITIVE EDGE	Nickel/Palladium/Gold (Ni/Pd/Au)	DUAL	35 MHz	R-PDSO-G20	1	5.5 V	2 mm	5.3 mm	Not Qualified	TRUE	4.5 V	29 mA		e4	NOT SPECIFIED	260	12.6 mm	ALS
SN74LS173J	Texas Instruments	JBAR-KBAR FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC		NO	4		TTL			5	5		IN-LINE	DIP16,.3		24 Amp	FF/Latches	2.54 mm	70 Cel	3-STATE	POSITIVE EDGE		DUAL		R-XDIP-T16					Not Qualified						NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED
SN74LS107ADE4	Texas Instruments	J-K FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	GULL WING	14	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		YES	2	30000000 Hz	TTL	2		5	5	15 pF	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP14,.25	20 ns	8 Amp	FF/Latches	1.27 mm	70 Cel		NEGATIVE EDGE	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	30 MHz	R-PDSO-G14	1	5.25 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	COMPLEMENTARY	4.75 V	6 mA		e4	30	260	8.65 mm	LS
SN74AS878NT1	Texas Instruments	D FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	24	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		NO	2		TTL						IN-LINE	DIP24,.3			FF/Latches	2.54 mm	70 Cel	3-STATE	POSITIVE EDGE		DUAL		R-PDIP-T24					Not Qualified
SN74ALS874BDWP3	Texas Instruments	D FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	GULL WING	24	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		YES	2		TTL			5	5		SMALL OUTLINE	SOP24,.4			FF/Latches	1.27 mm	70 Cel	3-STATE	POSITIVE EDGE		DUAL		R-PDSO-G24
5962-01-125-2232	Texas Instruments	JBAR-KBAR FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	14	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		NO	2		TTL			5	5		IN-LINE	DIP14,.3			FF/Latches	2.54 mm	70 Cel		POSITIVE EDGE		DUAL		R-PDIP-T14					Not Qualified						NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED
SN74ALS876NT	Texas Instruments	D FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	24	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		NO	2		TTL			5	5		IN-LINE	DIP24,.3			FF/Latches	2.54 mm	70 Cel		POSITIVE EDGE		DUAL		R-PDIP-T24					Not Qualified
SN74BCT29845NT	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	24	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		NO	1			8		5	5	50 pF	IN-LINE	DIP24,.3		48 Amp	FF/Latches	2.54 mm	70 Cel	3-STATE			DUAL		R-PDIP-T24					Not Qualified
SN74AS826NT1	Texas Instruments	D FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	24	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		NO	8		TTL			5	5		IN-LINE	DIP24,.3			FF/Latches	2.54 mm	70 Cel	3-STATE	POSITIVE EDGE		DUAL		R-PDIP-T24					Not Qualified
SN74LS74AJ-00	Texas Instruments	D FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	14	DIP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED		NO	2		TTL	1		5		15 pF	IN-LINE		40 ns			2.54 mm	70 Cel		POSITIVE EDGE		DUAL	25 MHz	R-GDIP-T14		5.25 V	5.08 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	COMPLEMENTARY	4.75 V	8 mA					19.56 mm	LS
SN74S174J	Texas Instruments	D FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED		NO	1		TTL	6		5	5	15 pF	IN-LINE	DIP16,.3	17 ns		FF/Latches	2.54 mm	70 Cel		POSITIVE EDGE		DUAL	75 MHz	R-GDIP-T16		5.25 V	5.08 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	TRUE	4.75 V	144 mA			NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	19.56 mm	S
SN74LS74AJP4	Texas Instruments	JBAR-KBAR FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	14	DIP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC		NO	2		TTL			5	5		IN-LINE	DIP14,.3			FF/Latches	2.54 mm	70 Cel		POSITIVE EDGE		DUAL		R-XDIP-T14											NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED
SN74ALS995NT3	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	24	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		NO	1		TTL	10					IN-LINE	DIP24,.3			FF/Latches	2.54 mm	70 Cel	3-STATE			DUAL		R-PDIP-T24
SN74LS174NP1	Texas Instruments	D FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		NO	6	30000000 Hz	TTL			5	5		IN-LINE	DIP16,.3		8 Amp	FF/Latches	2.54 mm	70 Cel		POSITIVE EDGE		DUAL		R-PDIP-T16					Not Qualified			26 mA
SN74LS113AN1	Texas Instruments	J-K FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	14	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		NO	2		TTL			5	5		IN-LINE	DIP14,.3			FF/Latches	2.54 mm	70 Cel		NEGATIVE EDGE		DUAL		R-PDIP-T14					Not Qualified
CD74FCT273MG4	Texas Instruments	D FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	GULL WING	20	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		YES	1	70000000 Hz	BICMOS	8	TUBE	5	5	50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP20,.4	13 ns	48 Amp	FF/Latches	1.27 mm	70 Cel		POSITIVE EDGE	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	70 MHz	R-PDSO-G20	1	5.25 V	2.65 mm	7.5 mm	Not Qualified	TRUE	4.75 V			e4	30	260	12.8 mm	FCT
SN74S373N1	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	20	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		NO	1		TTL	8		5	5		IN-LINE	DIP20,.3			FF/Latches	2.54 mm	70 Cel	3-STATE			DUAL		R-PDIP-T20					Not Qualified
SN74H106NP1	Texas Instruments	J-K FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		NO	2		TTL						IN-LINE	DIP16,.3			FF/Latches	2.54 mm	70 Cel		NEGATIVE EDGE		DUAL		R-PDIP-T16					Not Qualified						NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED
SN74ALS846JT	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	24	DIP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC		NO	1		TTL	8					IN-LINE	DIP24,.3		24 Amp	FF/Latches	2.54 mm	70 Cel	3-STATE			DUAL		R-XDIP-T24					Not Qualified
SN74AS174DRE4	Texas Instruments	D FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	GULL WING	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		YES	1		TTL	6	TR	5		50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP16,.25	10 ns		FF/Latches	1.27 mm	70 Cel		POSITIVE EDGE		DUAL	100 MHz	R-PDSO-G16		5.5 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	TRUE	4.5 V	45 mA			NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	9.9 mm	AS
SN74H102JP4	Texas Instruments	J-K FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	14	DIP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC		NO	1		TTL						IN-LINE	DIP14,.3			FF/Latches	2.54 mm	70 Cel		NEGATIVE EDGE		DUAL		R-XDIP-T14
SN74ALS994DW3	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	COMMERCIAL	GULL WING	24	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		YES	1		TTL	10		5	5		SMALL OUTLINE	SOP24,.4			FF/Latches	1.27 mm	70 Cel	3-STATE			DUAL		R-PDSO-G24											NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED
SN74LS114AN3	Texas Instruments	J-K FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	14	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		NO	2		TTL			5	5		IN-LINE	DIP14,.3			FF/Latches	2.54 mm	70 Cel		NEGATIVE EDGE		DUAL		R-PDIP-T14
SN74ALS873NTP1	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	24	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		NO	2		TTL	4		5	5		IN-LINE	DIP24,.3			FF/Latches	2.54 mm	70 Cel	3-STATE			DUAL		R-PDIP-T24					Not Qualified
SN74ALS577NTP3	Texas Instruments	D FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	24	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		NO	8		TTL			5	5		IN-LINE	DIP24,.3			FF/Latches	2.54 mm	70 Cel	3-STATE	POSITIVE EDGE		DUAL		R-PDIP-T24
SN74ALS259DR	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	COMMERCIAL	GULL WING	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY	NO	YES	1		TTL	8	TR	5	5	50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP16,.25	13 ns	8 Amp	FF/Latch	1.27 mm	70 Cel		LOW LEVEL	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL		R-PDSO-G16	1	5.5 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	TRUE	4.5 V	22 mA	1:8 DMUX FOLLOWED BY LATCH; RESET ACTIVE ONLY WHEN LATCH ENABLE IS HIGH	e4	30	260	9.9 mm	ALS
SN74ALS113N	Texas Instruments	J-K FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	14	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		NO	2		TTL			5	5		IN-LINE	DIP14,.3			FF/Latches	2.54 mm	70 Cel		NEGATIVE EDGE		DUAL		R-PDIP-T14					Not Qualified
SN74AS374FN	Texas Instruments	D FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	J BEND	20	QCCJ	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY		YES	8	125000000 Hz	TTL			5	5		CHIP CARRIER	LDCC20,.4SQ		48 Amp	FF/Latches	1.27 mm	70 Cel	3-STATE	POSITIVE EDGE		QUAD		S-PQCC-J20					Not Qualified			128 mA
SN74S374J4	Texas Instruments	D FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	20	DIP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC		NO	8		TTL			5	5		IN-LINE	DIP20,.3			FF/Latches	2.54 mm	70 Cel	3-STATE	POSITIVE EDGE		DUAL		R-XDIP-T20
SN74AS534NP3	Texas Instruments	D FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	20	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		NO	8		TTL			5	5		IN-LINE	DIP20,.3			FF/Latches	2.54 mm	70 Cel	3-STATE	POSITIVE EDGE		DUAL		R-PDIP-T20
SN74AS825DW3	Texas Instruments	D FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	GULL WING	24	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		YES	8		TTL			5	5		SMALL OUTLINE	SOP24,.4			FF/Latches	1.27 mm	70 Cel	3-STATE	POSITIVE EDGE		DUAL		R-PDSO-G24											NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED
SN74ALS29824DWP3	Texas Instruments	D FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	GULL WING	24	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		YES	9		TTL			5	5		SMALL OUTLINE	SOP24,.4			FF/Latches	1.27 mm	70 Cel	3-STATE	POSITIVE EDGE		DUAL		R-PDSO-G24
SN74ALS573FN	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	COMMERCIAL	J BEND	20	QCCJ	SQUARE	PLASTIC/EPOXY		YES	1		TTL	8		5	5		CHIP CARRIER	LDCC20,.4SQ			FF/Latches	1.27 mm	70 Cel	3-STATE			QUAD		S-PQCC-J20					Not Qualified
SN74LS171NP1	Texas Instruments	D FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		NO	4		TTL						IN-LINE	DIP16,.3			FF/Latches	2.54 mm	70 Cel		POSITIVE EDGE		DUAL		R-PDIP-T16					Not Qualified
SN74AS374NP1	Texas Instruments	D FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	20	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		NO	8	125000000 Hz	TTL			5	5		IN-LINE	DIP20,.3		48 Amp	FF/Latches	2.54 mm	70 Cel	3-STATE	POSITIVE EDGE		DUAL		R-PDIP-T20					Not Qualified			128 mA
SN74ALS273N3	Texas Instruments	D FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	20	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		NO	1		TTL	8		5	5		IN-LINE	DIP20,.3	15 ns		FF/Latches	2.54 mm	70 Cel		POSITIVE EDGE		DUAL	35 MHz	R-PDIP-T20		5.5 V	5.08 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	TRUE	4.5 V				NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	25.4 mm	ALS
SN74LS608D3	Texas Instruments	D FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	GULL WING	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		YES	8		TTL						SMALL OUTLINE	SOP16,.25			FF/Latches	1.27 mm	70 Cel	3-STATE	POSITIVE EDGE		DUAL		R-PDSO-G16											NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED
SN74ALS876ADWP3	Texas Instruments	D FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	GULL WING	24	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		YES	2		TTL			5	5		SMALL OUTLINE	SOP24,.4			FF/Latches	1.27 mm	70 Cel		POSITIVE EDGE		DUAL		R-PDSO-G24
SN74S268J	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC, GLASS-SEALED		NO	1		TTL	6		5		15 pF	IN-LINE	DIP16,.3	18 ns		FF/Latches	2.54 mm	70 Cel	3-STATE	HIGH LEVEL		DUAL		R-GDIP-T16		5.25 V	5.08 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	TRUE	4.75 V	119 mA			NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	19.56 mm	S
SN74F378DR	Texas Instruments	D FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	GULL WING	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		YES	1	80000000 Hz	TTL	6	TR	5	5	50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE	SOP16,.25	6.1 ns	20 Amp	FF/Latches	1.27 mm	70 Cel		POSITIVE EDGE		DUAL	110 MHz	R-PDSO-G16		5.5 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	TRUE	4.5 V	45 mA	WITH HOLD MODE		NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	9.9 mm	F/FAST
SN74ALS109ANSRE4	Texas Instruments	J-KBAR FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	GULL WING	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		YES	2	34000000 Hz	TTL	2	TR	5	5		SMALL OUTLINE	SOP16,.3	18 ns	8 Amp	FF/Latches	1.27 mm	70 Cel		POSITIVE EDGE	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	34 MHz	R-PDSO-G16	1	5.5 V	2 mm	5.3 mm	Not Qualified	COMPLEMENTARY	4.5 V	4 mA		e4	30	260	10.2 mm	ALS
SN74F175NSRG4	Texas Instruments	D FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	GULL WING	16	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		YES	4	100000000 Hz	TTL	1	TR	5	5		SMALL OUTLINE	SOP16,.3	9.5 ns	20 Amp	FF/Latches	1.27 mm	70 Cel		POSITIVE EDGE	NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD	DUAL	100 MHz	R-PDSO-G16	1	5.5 V	2 mm	5.3 mm	Not Qualified	COMPLEMENTARY	4.5 V	34 mA		e4	30	260	10.2 mm	F/FAST
SN74S114NP1	Texas Instruments	J-K FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	14	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		NO	2		TTL			5	5		IN-LINE	DIP14,.3			FF/Latches	2.54 mm	70 Cel		NEGATIVE EDGE		DUAL		R-PDIP-T14					Not Qualified
SN74H106N-10	Texas Instruments	J-K FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		NO	2		TTL	2		5		25 pF	IN-LINE		20 ns			2.54 mm	70 Cel		NEGATIVE EDGE		DUAL	40 MHz	R-PDIP-T16		5.25 V	5.08 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	COMPLEMENTARY	4.75 V	38 mA					19.305 mm	TTL/H/L
SN74ALS114ADR	Texas Instruments	J-K FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	GULL WING	14	SOP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		YES	2		TTL	2		5		50 pF	SMALL OUTLINE		19 ns			1.27 mm	70 Cel		NEGATIVE EDGE		DUAL	30 MHz	R-PDSO-G14		5.5 V	1.75 mm	3.9 mm	Not Qualified	COMPLEMENTARY	4.5 V	4.5 mA	WITH INDIVIDUAL SET INPUTS				8.65 mm	ALS
SN74LS114AN	Texas Instruments	J-K FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	14	DIP	RECTANGULAR	PLASTIC/EPOXY		NO	1		TTL	2		5	5	15 pF	IN-LINE	DIP14,.3	20 ns		FF/Latches	2.54 mm	70 Cel		NEGATIVE EDGE		DUAL	45 MHz	R-PDIP-T14		5.25 V	5.08 mm	7.62 mm	Not Qualified	COMPLEMENTARY	4.75 V	6 mA	WITH INDIVIDUAL SET INPUTS		NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED	19.305 mm	LS
SN74174J4	Texas Instruments	JBAR-KBAR FLIP-FLOP	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC		NO	6		TTL			5	5		IN-LINE	DIP16,.3			FF/Latches	2.54 mm	70 Cel		POSITIVE EDGE		DUAL		R-XDIP-T16											NOT SPECIFIED	NOT SPECIFIED
SN74LS259BJ4	Texas Instruments	D LATCH	COMMERCIAL	THROUGH-HOLE	16	DIP	RECTANGULAR	CERAMIC		NO	1		TTL	8		5	5		IN-LINE	DIP16,.3		8 Amp	FF/Latches	2.54 mm	70 Cel				DUAL		R-XDIP-T16								36 mA

Latches & Flip-Flops

Latches and flip-flops are two types of electronic circuits used in digital systems to store and manipulate digital data. They are both sequential logic circuits, meaning that they can store information and use that information to make decisions based on the previous state.

A latch is a type of digital circuit that can hold or "latch" a signal in its current state. It is a simple memory element that can store a single bit of information. A latch can be transparent or opaque, depending on its behavior when the clock signal is active. A transparent latch passes the input signal through to the output when the clock signal is active, while an opaque latch holds the input signal at the output when the clock signal is active.

Flip-flops are similar to latches but are more sophisticated and have additional control inputs. A flip-flop is a digital circuit that can store one bit of information and change its state based on the clock signal and input signals. Flip-flops can be edge-triggered or level-triggered, depending on how they respond to the clock signal. Edge-triggered flip-flops change their state at the rising or falling edge of the clock signal, while level-triggered flip-flops change their state continuously as long as the clock signal is active.

Flip-flops are classified into various types based on their behavior and the number of inputs. Some of the commonly used flip-flops include D flip-flops, JK flip-flops, T flip-flops, and SR flip-flops. D flip-flops have a single data input and a clock input and can store one bit of information. JK flip-flops have two inputs, J and K, and can store one bit of information. T flip-flops have a single input and can toggle between two states based on the clock signal. SR flip-flops have two inputs, S and R, and can store one bit of information.

Latches and flip-flops are used in various applications, including digital signal processing, memory systems, and control circuits. They are essential components of digital systems and can be found in many electronic devices, such as computers, mobile phones, and digital cameras.