Vishay Intertechnology Power Field Effect Transistors (FET) 1,255

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Part RoHS Manufacturer Polarity or Channel Type Configuration Surface Mount Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs) Maximum Collector Current (IC) Package Body Material Transistor Application Maximum Rise Time (tr) Maximum VCEsat Minimum DS Breakdown Voltage Terminal Form Package Shape Operating Mode No. of Elements Highest Frequency Band Maximum Pulsed Drain Current (IDM) Avalanche Energy Rating (EAS) Maximum Fall Time (tf) Maximum Drain Current (Abs) (ID) Nominal Turn Off Time (toff) No. of Terminals Package Style (Meter) Sub-Category Field Effect Transistor Technology Maximum Power Dissipation Ambient Minimum DC Current Gain (hFE) Maximum Operating Temperature Transistor Element Material Maximum Turn On Time (ton) Minimum Operating Temperature Maximum Turn Off Time (toff) Maximum Gate-Emitter Threshold Voltage Terminal Finish Maximum Drain-Source On Resistance Maximum Drain Current (ID) Terminal Position JESD-30 Code Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) Case Connection Qualification Additional Features JEDEC-95 Code JESD-609 Code Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s) Peak Reflow Temperature (C) Nominal Turn On Time (ton) Maximum Feedback Capacitance (Crss) Reference Standard

SI4850EY

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE

1.7 W

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

6 A

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

175 Cel

6 A

1

SI5936DU-T1-GE3

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SEPARATE, 2 ELEMENTS WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

30 V

NO LEAD

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

2

25 A

6

SMALL OUTLINE

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

SILICON

.03 ohm

6 A

DUAL

R-PDSO-N6

DRAIN

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

SI7434DP-T1-GE3

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

5.2 W

UNSPECIFIED

SWITCHING

250 V

C BEND

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

40 A

8.4 mJ

2.3 A

5

SMALL OUTLINE

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

MATTE TIN

.155 ohm

2.3 A

DUAL

R-XDSO-C5

1

DRAIN

Not Qualified

e3

30

260

SIHB24N80AE-GE3

Vishay Intertechnology

SIHP28N65E-GE3

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

650 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

84 A

691 mJ

3

FLANGE MOUNT

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

SILICON

.122 ohm

28 A

SINGLE

R-PSFM-T3

TO-220AB

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

SIR870BDP-T1-RE3

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

100 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

100 V

FLAT

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

200 A

80 mJ

81 A

5

SMALL OUTLINE

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

60 ns

-55 Cel

98 ns

.0077 ohm

81 A

DUAL

R-PDSO-F5

DRAIN

19 pF

SUD20N10-66L-GE3

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

100 V

GULL WING

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

25 A

11.25 mJ

2

SMALL OUTLINE

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

SILICON

MATTE TIN

.066 ohm

16.9 A

SINGLE

R-PSSO-G2

1

DRAIN

TO-252AA

e3

30

260

SUM110N06-05L

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

230 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

60 V

GULL WING

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

300 A

110 A

2

SMALL OUTLINE

FET General Purpose Powers

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

175 Cel

SILICON

TIN LEAD

.0052 ohm

110 A

SINGLE

R-PSSO-G2

Not Qualified

TO-263AB

e0

SUM110N06-05L-E3

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE

YES

230 W

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

110 A

FET General Purpose Powers

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

175 Cel

110 A

IRFBC30ASTRR

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

74 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

400 V

GULL WING

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

22 A

290 mJ

3.6 A

2

SMALL OUTLINE

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

TIN LEAD

1 ohm

5.5 A

SINGLE

R-PSSO-G2

DRAIN

Not Qualified

e0

IRLZ14SPBF

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE

YES

43 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

60 V

GULL WING

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

10 A

2

SMALL OUTLINE

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

175 Cel

SILICON

.2 ohm

10 A

SINGLE

R-PSSO-G2

3

DRAIN

Not Qualified

LOGIC LEVEL COMPATIBLE

TO-263AB

SIA444DJT-T1-GE3

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

19 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

30 V

NO LEAD

SQUARE

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

40 A

12 A

3

SMALL OUTLINE

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

MATTE TIN

.017 ohm

12 A

DUAL

S-PDSO-N3

DRAIN

Not Qualified

e3

260

SIHB065N60E-GE3

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

250 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

600 V

GULL WING

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

116 A

226 mJ

40 A

2

SMALL OUTLINE

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

148 ns

-55 Cel

134 ns

.065 ohm

40 A

SINGLE

R-PSSO-G2

AVALANCHE RATED

TO-263AB

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

5 pF

SIR632DP-T1-RE3

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

69.5 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

150 V

FLAT

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

50 A

31.2 mJ

29 A

5

SMALL OUTLINE

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

56 ns

-55 Cel

66 ns

.041 ohm

29 A

DUAL

R-PDSO-F5

DRAIN

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

8.5 pF

SISS61DN-T1-GE3

Vishay Intertechnology

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

IRF830SPBF

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

74 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

500 V

GULL WING

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

18 A

280 mJ

4.5 A

2

SMALL OUTLINE

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

TIN

1.5 ohm

4.5 A

SINGLE

R-PSSO-G2

1

DRAIN

Not Qualified

AVALANCHE RATED

TO-263AB

e3

IRF9640LPBF

Vishay Intertechnology

P-CHANNEL

SINGLE

NO

125 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

200 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

11 A

3

FLANGE MOUNT

Other Transistors

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

MATTE TIN

.5 ohm

11 A

SINGLE

R-PSFM-T3

DRAIN

Not Qualified

TO-220AB

e3

30

260

IRFP350

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

NO

180 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

400 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

64 A

390 mJ

16 A

3

FLANGE MOUNT

FET General Purpose Powers

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

TIN LEAD

.3 ohm

16 A

SINGLE

R-PSFM-T3

Not Qualified

AVALANCHE RATED

TO-247AC

e0

IRFR120PBF

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

42 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

100 V

GULL WING

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

31 A

210 mJ

8.4 A

2

SMALL OUTLINE

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

-55 Cel

MATTE TIN

.27 ohm

7.7 A

SINGLE

R-PSSO-G2

1

DRAIN

Not Qualified

AVALANCHE RATED

TO-252AA

e3

30

260

34 pF

IRLR024TRLPBF

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

42 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

60 V

GULL WING

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

56 A

91 mJ

14 A

2

SMALL OUTLINE

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

.1 ohm

14 A

SINGLE

R-PSSO-G2

DRAIN

Not Qualified

LOGIC LEVEL COMPATIBLE

TO-252AA

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

IRLZ14PBF

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE

NO

43 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

60 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

40 A

10 A

3

FLANGE MOUNT

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

175 Cel

SILICON

MATTE TIN

.2 ohm

10 A

SINGLE

R-PSFM-T3

DRAIN

Not Qualified

LOGIC LEVEL COMPATIBLE

TO-220AB

e3

IRLZ14STRLPBF

Vishay Intertechnology

SI5922DU-T1-GE3

Vishay Intertechnology

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

SI7370DP-T1-E3

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

5.2 W

UNSPECIFIED

SWITCHING

60 V

C BEND

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

50 A

125 mJ

9.6 A

5

SMALL OUTLINE

FET General Purpose Powers

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

MATTE TIN

.011 ohm

9.6 A

DUAL

R-XDSO-C5

1

DRAIN

Not Qualified

FAST SWITCHING

e3

20

260

SI9945AEY-T1-GE3

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SEPARATE, 2 ELEMENTS WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

2.4 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

60 V

GULL WING

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

2

25 A

3.7 A

8

SMALL OUTLINE

FET General Purpose Powers

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

175 Cel

SILICON

Matte Tin (Sn)

.08 ohm

3.7 A

DUAL

R-PDSO-G8

1

e3

30

260

SIA430DJ-T1-GE3

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

19.2 W

UNSPECIFIED

SWITCHING

20 V

NO LEAD

SQUARE

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

40 A

12 A

3

SMALL OUTLINE

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

MATTE TIN

.0135 ohm

12 A

DUAL

S-XDSO-N3

DRAIN

Not Qualified

e3

260

SIHB35N60E-GE3

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

250 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

600 V

GULL WING

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

80 A

691 mJ

32 A

2

SMALL OUTLINE

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

150 ns

-55 Cel

181 ns

.094 ohm

32 A

SINGLE

R-PSSO-G2

AVALANCHE RATED

TO-263AB

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

5 pF

SIHG17N80AEF-GE3

Vishay Intertechnology

SIHG20N50C-E3

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

NO

292 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

500 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

80 A

361 mJ

20 A

3

FLANGE MOUNT

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

.27 ohm

20 A

SINGLE

R-PSFM-T3

Not Qualified

TO-247AC

40

260

SIR186DP-T1-RE3

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

57 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

60 V

FLAT

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

150 A

31.25 mJ

60 A

5

SMALL OUTLINE

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

64 ns

-55 Cel

46 ns

.0045 ohm

60 A

DUAL

R-PDSO-F5

DRAIN

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

29 pF

SQD45P03-12_GE3

Vishay Intertechnology

P-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

PLASTIC/EPOXY

30 V

GULL WING

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

200 A

48 mJ

2

SMALL OUTLINE

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

175 Cel

SILICON

MATTE TIN

.012 ohm

50 A

SINGLE

R-PSSO-G2

1

DRAIN

Not Qualified

TO-252

e3

30

260

SQJ416EP-T1_GE3

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

PLASTIC/EPOXY

100 V

GULL WING

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

70 A

26 mJ

4

SMALL OUTLINE

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

SILICON

.03 ohm

27 A

SINGLE

R-PSSO-G4

DRAIN

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

AEC-Q101

SUD50P04-13L-GE3

Vishay Intertechnology

P-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

40 V

GULL WING

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

100 A

80 mJ

2

SMALL OUTLINE

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

SILICON

.013 ohm

50 A

SINGLE

R-PSSO-G2

DRAIN

TO-252

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

IRFZ48SPBF

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE

YES

190 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

60 V

GULL WING

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

50 A

2

SMALL OUTLINE

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

175 Cel

SILICON

Matte Tin (Sn)

.018 ohm

50 A

SINGLE

R-PSSO-G2

1

DRAIN

Not Qualified

TO-263AB

e3

30

260

IRL620SPBF

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE

YES

50 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

200 V

GULL WING

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

5.2 A

2

SMALL OUTLINE

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

.8 ohm

5.2 A

SINGLE

R-PSSO-G2

3

DRAIN

Not Qualified

LOGIC LEVEL COMPATIBLE

TO-263AB

IRLZ14STRRPBF

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE

YES

43 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

60 V

GULL WING

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

40 A

68 mJ

10 A

2

SMALL OUTLINE

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

175 Cel

SILICON

.2 ohm

10 A

SINGLE

R-PSSO-G2

3

DRAIN

Not Qualified

LOGIC LEVEL COMPATIBLE

TO-263AB

SI2328DS-T1

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE

YES

1.25 W

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

1.15 A

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

1.15 A

e0

SI5415AEDU-T1-GE3

Vishay Intertechnology

PURE MATTE TIN

1

SI5476DU-T1-GE3

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

31 W

UNSPECIFIED

SWITCHING

60 V

NO LEAD

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

25 A

11.2 mJ

12 A

3

SMALL OUTLINE

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

MATTE TIN

.034 ohm

12 A

DUAL

R-XDSO-N3

1

DRAIN

Not Qualified

e3

SI7336ADP-T1

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE

YES

5.4 W

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

30 A

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb)

30 A

e0

SI7336ADP-T1-E3

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

5.4 W

UNSPECIFIED

SWITCHING

30 V

C BEND

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

70 A

30 A

5

SMALL OUTLINE

FET General Purpose Powers

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

Matte Tin (Sn)

.003 ohm

30 A

DUAL

R-XDSO-C5

1

DRAIN

Not Qualified

ULTRA-LOW RESISTANCE

e3

30

260

SIHG14N50D-GE3

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

500 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

38 A

56 mJ

3

FLANGE MOUNT

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

SILICON

.4 ohm

14 A

SINGLE

R-PSFM-T3

DRAIN

TO-247AC

NOT SPECIFIED

NOT SPECIFIED

SIR664DP-T1-GE3

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

60 V

C BEND

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

150 A

20 mJ

5

SMALL OUTLINE

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

SILICON

.006 ohm

60 A

DUAL

R-PDSO-C5

DRAIN

SQ2319ES-T1-GE3

Vishay Intertechnology

P-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

3 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

40 V

GULL WING

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

30 A

1.8 mJ

3.3 A

3

SMALL OUTLINE

Other Transistors

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

175 Cel

SILICON

.082 ohm

3.3 A

DUAL

R-PDSO-G3

Not Qualified

TO-236

40

260

SQD70140EL_GE3

Vishay Intertechnology

MATTE TIN

1

e3

30

260

SQJ415EP-T1_GE3

Vishay Intertechnology

P-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

45 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

40 V

GULL WING

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

120 A

31.2 mJ

4

SMALL OUTLINE

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

175 Cel

SILICON

30 ns

-55 Cel

140 ns

.014 ohm

30 A

SINGLE

R-PSSO-G4

DRAIN

320 pF

AEC-Q101

SQS484ENW-T1_GE3

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

PLASTIC/EPOXY

40 V

FLAT

SQUARE

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

64 A

31.2 mJ

5

SMALL OUTLINE

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

175 Cel

SILICON

-55 Cel

.0105 ohm

16 A

DUAL

S-PDSO-F5

DRAIN

AEC-Q101

BF998

Vishay Intertechnology

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE

YES

.2 W

DUAL GATE, DEPLETION MODE

1

.03 A

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

.03 A

Power Field Effect Transistors (FET)

Power Field Effect Transistors (FET) are electronic devices used in power electronics to control and switch high current and voltage levels. They are commonly used in applications such as motor drives, power supplies, and switching regulators.

The Power FET is a three-terminal device that works by controlling the flow of majority charge carriers (electrons or holes) between the source and drain regions through a gate electrode. The gate electrode is insulated from the channel region by a thin oxide layer, which can be controlled by applying a voltage to the gate terminal. When a voltage is applied to the gate electrode, it creates an electric field that modifies the conductivity of the channel, allowing current to flow between the source and drain.

Power FETs are designed to handle high current and voltage levels, and have a low on-resistance and high switching speed. They are typically used in applications that require efficient and precise control of power, such as motor drives and power supplies.

Power FETs are available in various types and configurations, including N-channel and P-channel FETs, and can handle power levels ranging from a few watts to several kilowatts. They are subject to various standards and regulations, such as UL (Underwriters Laboratories) and CE (Conformité Européenne), to ensure their safety and performance.