Samsung Power Field Effect Transistors (FET) 1,134

Reset All
Part RoHS Manufacturer Polarity or Channel Type Configuration Surface Mount Maximum Power Dissipation (Abs) Maximum Collector Current (IC) Package Body Material Transistor Application Maximum Rise Time (tr) Maximum VCEsat Minimum DS Breakdown Voltage Terminal Form Package Shape Operating Mode No. of Elements Highest Frequency Band Maximum Pulsed Drain Current (IDM) Avalanche Energy Rating (EAS) Maximum Fall Time (tf) Maximum Drain Current (Abs) (ID) Nominal Turn Off Time (toff) No. of Terminals Package Style (Meter) Sub-Category Field Effect Transistor Technology Maximum Power Dissipation Ambient Minimum DC Current Gain (hFE) Maximum Operating Temperature Transistor Element Material Maximum Turn On Time (ton) Minimum Operating Temperature Maximum Turn Off Time (toff) Maximum Gate-Emitter Threshold Voltage Terminal Finish Maximum Drain-Source On Resistance Maximum Drain Current (ID) Terminal Position JESD-30 Code Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) Case Connection Qualification Additional Features JEDEC-95 Code JESD-609 Code Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s) Peak Reflow Temperature (C) Nominal Turn On Time (ton) Maximum Feedback Capacitance (Crss) Reference Standard

SSI50N05

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE

NO

150 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

50 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

50 A

3

IN-LINE

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

175 Cel

SILICON

.024 ohm

50 A

SINGLE

R-PSIP-T3

Not Qualified

SFU9230

Samsung

P-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

NO

49 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

200 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

22 A

389 mJ

5.4 A

3

IN-LINE

Other Transistors

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

.8 ohm

5.4 A

SINGLE

R-PSIP-T3

Not Qualified

SFR2955

Samsung

P-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

32 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

60 V

GULL WING

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

30 A

99 mJ

7.6 A

2

SMALL OUTLINE

Other Transistors

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

.3 ohm

7.6 A

SINGLE

R-PSSO-G2

DRAIN

Not Qualified

SSH60N10

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE

NO

150 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

100 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

180 A

790 mJ

60 A

3

FLANGE MOUNT

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 W

150 Cel

SILICON

406 ns

840 ns

.03 ohm

60 A

SINGLE

R-PSFM-T3

Not Qualified

IRFM210A

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

2 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

200 V

GULL WING

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

6 A

40 mJ

.77 A

4

SMALL OUTLINE

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

1.5 ohm

.77 A

DUAL

R-PDSO-G4

DRAIN

Not Qualified

TO-261AA

IRFWZ20

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE

YES

60 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

50 V

GULL WING

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

15 A

2

SMALL OUTLINE

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

175 Cel

SILICON

.1 ohm

15 A

SINGLE

R-PSSO-G2

Not Qualified

SSS50N06L

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

60 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

3

FLANGE MOUNT

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

SILICON

.022 ohm

32 A

SINGLE

R-PSFM-T3

ISOLATED

Not Qualified

LOGIC LEVEL COMPATIBLE

TO-220AB

SSF5N90A

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

NO

85 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

900 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

20 A

508 mJ

4 A

3

FLANGE MOUNT

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

2.9 ohm

4 A

SINGLE

R-PSFM-T3

ISOLATED

Not Qualified

SSS3N90A

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

NO

35 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

900 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

12 A

286 mJ

2 A

3

FLANGE MOUNT

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

6.2 ohm

2 A

SINGLE

R-PSFM-T3

ISOLATED

Not Qualified

IRLW610A

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

33 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

200 V

GULL WING

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

12 A

29 mJ

3.3 A

2

SMALL OUTLINE

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

1.5 ohm

3.3 A

SINGLE

R-PSSO-G2

DRAIN

Not Qualified

IRFW540A

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

3.8 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

100 V

GULL WING

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

110 A

523 mJ

28 A

2

SMALL OUTLINE

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

175 Cel

SILICON

.052 ohm

28 A

SINGLE

R-PSSO-G2

DRAIN

Not Qualified

SSH7N90

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE

NO

190 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

900 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

7 A

3

FLANGE MOUNT

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

1.8 ohm

7 A

SINGLE

R-PSFM-T3

Not Qualified

SSH40N20

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE

NO

230 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

200 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

40 A

3

FLANGE MOUNT

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

.08 ohm

40 A

SINGLE

R-PSFM-T3

Not Qualified

SSP3N70A

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE

NO

75 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

700 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

3 A

3

FLANGE MOUNT

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

TIN LEAD

5 ohm

3 A

SINGLE

R-PSFM-T3

Not Qualified

TO-220AB

e0

SSH8N80A

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

NO

240 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

800 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

32 A

444 mJ

8 A

3

FLANGE MOUNT

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

240 W

150 Cel

SILICON

145 ns

330 ns

1.5 ohm

8 A

SINGLE

R-PSFM-T3

Not Qualified

95 pF

SSS3N80

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE

NO

35 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

800 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

1.8 A

3

FLANGE MOUNT

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

5 ohm

1.8 A

SINGLE

R-PSFM-T3

ISOLATED

Not Qualified

TO-220AB

SFR9234

Samsung

P-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

49 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

250 V

GULL WING

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

17 A

220 mJ

4.2 A

2

SMALL OUTLINE

Other Transistors

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

1.3 ohm

4.2 A

SINGLE

R-PSSO-G2

DRAIN

Not Qualified

SSH20N50A

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

500 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

80 A

960 mJ

3

FLANGE MOUNT

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 W

150 Cel

SILICON

410 ns

840 ns

.25 ohm

20 A

SINGLE

R-PSFM-T3

Not Qualified

SFI9610

Samsung

P-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

NO

20 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

200 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

7 A

143 mJ

1.8 A

3

IN-LINE

Other Transistors

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

3 ohm

1.75 A

SINGLE

R-PSIP-T3

Not Qualified

SSP4N70

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE

NO

125 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

700 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

2.5 A

280 mJ

4 A

3

FLANGE MOUNT

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

125 W

150 Cel

SILICON

210 ns

430 ns

3.5 ohm

4 A

SINGLE

R-PSFM-T3

Not Qualified

TO-220AB

SFI9510

Samsung

P-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

NO

32 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

100 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

14 A

52 mJ

3.6 A

3

IN-LINE

Other Transistors

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

175 Cel

SILICON

1.2 ohm

3.6 A

SINGLE

R-PSIP-T3

Not Qualified

SSI6N70A

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

NO

130 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

700 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

24 A

582 mJ

6 A

3

IN-LINE

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

1.8 ohm

6 A

SINGLE

R-PSIP-T3

Not Qualified

IRLW24A

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE

YES

45 W

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

17 A

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

175 Cel

17 A

IRFW840A

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

3.1 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

500 V

GULL WING

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

32 A

640 mJ

8 A

2

SMALL OUTLINE

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

.85 ohm

8 A

SINGLE

R-PSSO-G2

DRAIN

Not Qualified

SSH40N15A

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

150 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

3

FLANGE MOUNT

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

SILICON

.065 ohm

40 A

SINGLE

R-PSFM-T3

Not Qualified

SSH9N80A

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

NO

240 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

800 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

36 A

432 mJ

9 A

3

FLANGE MOUNT

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

240 W

150 Cel

SILICON

145 ns

330 ns

1.3 ohm

9 A

SINGLE

R-PSFM-T3

Not Qualified

95 pF

SSI2N80A

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

NO

80 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

800 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

8 A

213 mJ

2 A

3

IN-LINE

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

6 ohm

2 A

SINGLE

R-PSIP-T3

Not Qualified

SSH25N40

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE

NO

280 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

400 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

25 A

3

FLANGE MOUNT

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

.2 ohm

25 A

SINGLE

R-PSFM-T3

Not Qualified

SSP4N55A

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

NO

75 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

550 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

16 A

358 mJ

4 A

3

FLANGE MOUNT

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

75 W

150 Cel

SILICON

190 ns

160 ns

TIN LEAD

2.5 ohm

4 A

SINGLE

R-PSFM-T3

Not Qualified

TO-220AB

e0

40 pF

SSH15N55

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE

NO

230 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

550 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

15 A

3

FLANGE MOUNT

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

.5 ohm

15 A

SINGLE

R-PSFM-T3

Not Qualified

IRFWZ40

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE

YES

150 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

50 V

GULL WING

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

50 A

2

SMALL OUTLINE

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

175 Cel

SILICON

.028 ohm

35 A

SINGLE

R-PSSO-G2

Not Qualified

SFF9244

Samsung

P-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

250 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

24 A

225 mJ

3

FLANGE MOUNT

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

SILICON

.8 ohm

6 A

SINGLE

R-PSFM-T3

ISOLATED

Not Qualified

IRFA1Z0

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE

NO

1 W

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

.5 A

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

.5 A

SSS60N06

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE

NO

52 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

60 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

36 A

3

FLANGE MOUNT

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

.018 ohm

36 A

SINGLE

R-PSFM-T3

ISOLATED

Not Qualified

SSP4N90

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE

NO

140 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

900 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

4 A

3

FLANGE MOUNT

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

3 ohm

4 A

SINGLE

R-PSFM-T3

Not Qualified

TO-220AB

SFU9024

Samsung

P-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

NO

32 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

60 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

31 A

104 mJ

7.8 A

3

IN-LINE

Other Transistors

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

.28 ohm

7.8 A

SINGLE

R-PSIP-T3

Not Qualified

SFW9640

Samsung

P-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

123 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

200 V

GULL WING

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

44 A

807 mJ

11 A

2

SMALL OUTLINE

Other Transistors

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

.5 ohm

11 A

SINGLE

R-PSSO-G2

DRAIN

Not Qualified

SSD2007

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SEPARATE, 2 ELEMENTS

YES

2 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

50 V

GULL WING

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

2

2 A

8

SMALL OUTLINE

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

.3 ohm

2 A

DUAL

R-PDSO-G8

Not Qualified

SSI4N80A

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

NO

120 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

800 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

16 A

256 mJ

4 A

3

IN-LINE

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

4 ohm

4 A

SINGLE

R-PSIP-T3

Not Qualified

SSP80N06A

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE

NO

PLASTIC/EPOXY

60 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

320 A

3291 mJ

3

FLANGE MOUNT

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

SILICON

.009 ohm

80 A

SINGLE

R-PSFM-T3

Not Qualified

TO-220AB

SSS6N60

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE

NO

40 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

600 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

3.4 A

3

FLANGE MOUNT

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

1.8 ohm

3.2 A

SINGLE

R-PSFM-T3

ISOLATED

Not Qualified

TO-220AB

SSF7N60A

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

NO

86 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

600 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

22 A

477 mJ

5.4 A

3

FLANGE MOUNT

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

1.2 ohm

5.4 A

SINGLE

R-PSFM-T3

ISOLATED

Not Qualified

SFP9610

Samsung

P-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

NO

20 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

200 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

7 A

143 mJ

1.8 A

3

FLANGE MOUNT

Other Transistors

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

3 ohm

1.75 A

SINGLE

R-PSFM-T3

Not Qualified

TO-220AB

SSW4N90A

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

120 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

SWITCHING

900 V

GULL WING

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

16 A

424 mJ

4 A

2

SMALL OUTLINE

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

5 ohm

4 A

SINGLE

R-PSSO-G2

DRAIN

Not Qualified

SSH3N90

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE

NO

110 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

900 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

3 A

3

FLANGE MOUNT

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

4.5 ohm

3 A

SINGLE

R-PSFM-T3

Not Qualified

SFW9630

Samsung

P-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

70 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

200 V

GULL WING

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

26 A

563 mJ

6.5 A

2

SMALL OUTLINE

Other Transistors

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

150 Cel

SILICON

.8 ohm

6.5 A

SINGLE

R-PSSO-G2

DRAIN

Not Qualified

SFW2955

Samsung

P-CHANNEL

SINGLE WITH BUILT-IN DIODE

YES

49 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

60 V

GULL WING

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

38 A

151 mJ

9.4 A

2

SMALL OUTLINE

Other Transistors

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

175 Cel

SILICON

.3 ohm

9.4 A

SINGLE

R-PSSO-G2

DRAIN

Not Qualified

SSP15N05

Samsung

N-CHANNEL

SINGLE

NO

60 W

PLASTIC/EPOXY

50 V

THROUGH-HOLE

RECTANGULAR

ENHANCEMENT MODE

1

16 A

3

FLANGE MOUNT

FET General Purpose Power

METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR

175 Cel

SILICON

.084 ohm

16 A

SINGLE

R-PSFM-T3

Not Qualified

TO-220AB

Power Field Effect Transistors (FET)

Power Field Effect Transistors (FET) are electronic devices used in power electronics to control and switch high current and voltage levels. They are commonly used in applications such as motor drives, power supplies, and switching regulators.

The Power FET is a three-terminal device that works by controlling the flow of majority charge carriers (electrons or holes) between the source and drain regions through a gate electrode. The gate electrode is insulated from the channel region by a thin oxide layer, which can be controlled by applying a voltage to the gate terminal. When a voltage is applied to the gate electrode, it creates an electric field that modifies the conductivity of the channel, allowing current to flow between the source and drain.

Power FETs are designed to handle high current and voltage levels, and have a low on-resistance and high switching speed. They are typically used in applications that require efficient and precise control of power, such as motor drives and power supplies.

Power FETs are available in various types and configurations, including N-channel and P-channel FETs, and can handle power levels ranging from a few watts to several kilowatts. They are subject to various standards and regulations, such as UL (Underwriters Laboratories) and CE (Conformité Européenne), to ensure their safety and performance.